Q000000981 diagnostic imaging 2016 06 29 2016 06 08 2017 01 01 subheading only; coordinate with specific imaging technique if pertinent 2017(1967) Y04.010 M000614856 diagnostic imaging Used for the visualization of an anatomical structure or for the diagnosis of disease. Commonly used imaging techniques include radiography, radionuclide imaging, thermography, tomography, and ultrasonography M000614856 M0030904 M000614856 M0030903 M000614856 M0030734 M000614856 M0030733 T000895609 diagnostic imaging 2016 02 19 DG DIAG IMAGE M0030904 ultrasound M000614856 M0030904 T061379 ultrasound M0030903 ultrasonography Used with organs and regions for ultrasonic imaging and with diseases for ultrasonic diagnosis. Does not include ultrasonic therapy. M000614856 M0030903 T061375 ultrasonography T061377 ultrasonic diagnosis T061378 echotomography T061376 echography M0030734 radionuclide imaging Used for radionuclide imaging of any anatomical structure, or for the diagnosis of disease. M000614856 M0030734 T061163 radionuclide imaging T061164 radioisotope scanning M0030733 radiography Used with organs, regions, and diseases for x-ray examinations. M000614856 M0030733 T061158 radiography T061162 X-ray image T061161 X-ray diagnosis T061159 roentgenography T061160 X-ray Q000002 abnormalities 1973 12 27 2015 07 01 1966 01 01 subhead only; congenital & structural only: does not include abnormal function ( = /physiopathology or disease heading); includes "deformity", "malformation", "anomalous", includes agenesis, aplasia, atresia, ectopy, hypoplasia, etc.; includes more or less than the normal number of organs (as one ureter, six fingers); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.1; DF: /abnorm or /AB 66; used with Category A 1966-74; A1-9 & A13-15 1975-88; A1-9, A13-15 & B2 1989; A1-10, A13-14, A16 & B2 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/AB or AB (SH) or SUBS APPLY AB Y02.030.010 M0030203 abnormalities Used with organs for congenital defects producing changes in the morphology of the organ. It is used also for abnormalities in animals. M0030203 M0030209 M0030203 M0030210 M0030203 M0030208 M0030203 M0030207 M0030203 M0030206 M0030203 M0030211 M0030203 M0030204 M0030203 M0030205 T060543 abnormalities AB ABNORM T060544 anomalies M0030209 aplasia M0030203 M0030209 T060552 aplasia M0030210 atresia M0030203 M0030210 T060553 atresia M0030208 malformations M0030203 M0030208 T060551 malformations M0030207 defects M0030203 M0030207 T060550 defects M0030206 deformities M0030203 M0030206 T060549 deformities M0030211 hypoplasia M0030203 M0030211 T060554 hypoplasia M0030204 agenesis M0030203 M0030204 T060546 agenesis M0030205 congenital defects M0030203 M0030205 T060548 congenital defects T060547 birth defects Q000008 administration & dosage 1973 12 27 2017 04 11 1966 01 01 subheading only; for routes of administration, timing, amounts of doses; not for "dosage" in Romance languages ( = /analysis) 66; used with Category D 1966-90 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/AD or AD (SH) or SUBS APPLY AD Y07.010 Y10.010 M0030212 administration & dosage Used with drugs for dosage forms, routes of administration, frequency and duration of administration, quantity of medication, and the effects of these factors. T060555 administration & dosage AD ADMINISTRATION A ADMIN T000912278 administration and dosage 2016 11 29 Q000009 adverse effects 1973 12 27 2017 07 05 1966 01 01 subheading only; see also /poisoning & /toxicity 66; used with Category D, E & H 1966-69; D, E, H & J 1970-74; D, E, F4, H & J 1975-81; D, E, F4, G3, H & J 1982-87; D, E, F4, H, J, & SMOKING 1988; D, E, F4, H, J, & 1982-87; D, E, F4, H, J & SMOKING 1988; D, E, F4, H, J & SMOKING+ 1989; D, E & J 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/AE or AE (SH) or SUBS APPLY AE Y07.020 Y10.020 M0030213 adverse effects Used with drugs, chemicals, or biological agents in accepted dosage - or with physical agents or manufactured products in normal usage - when intended for diagnostic, therapeutic, prophylactic, or anesthetic purposes. It is used also for adverse effects or complications of diagnostic, therapeutic, prophylactic, anesthetic, surgical, or other procedures. T060556 adverse effects AE ADV EFF T060558 side effects Q000031 analogs & derivatives 1974 10 23 2017 04 11 1975 01 01 subheading only 75; used with Category D1-7 & D9-26 1975-89; D2-7, D9, D11 & D14-23 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/AA or AA (SH) or SUBS APPLY AA Y03.020 M0030233 analogs & derivatives Used with drugs and chemicals for substances that share the same parent molecule or have similar electronic structure but differ by the addition or substitution of other atoms or molecules. It is used when the specific chemical heading is not available and no appropriate group heading exists. M0030233 M0030235 T060581 analogs & derivatives AA ANALOGS T000912274 analogs and derivatives 2016 11 29 M0030235 derivatives M0030233 M0030235 T060583 derivatives Q000032 analysis 1973 12 27 2003 07 24 1967 01 01 subhead only; includes "assay", "determination", "chemical analysis"; for qualitative or quantitative analysis of substances; chemical composition of organs, organisms & plants, as "chemical composition of the liver" = LIVER /chemistry; for analysis of chemical substances in the blood use /blood; in the cerebrospinal fluid, use /cerebrospinal fluid; in the urine, use /urine; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.6; DF: /anal or /AN 67; used with Category A, B & D 1967; A, B, D, G & J 1968-74; A, B1, B3-6, C4, D, G3 & J 1975-86; A, B1, B3-6, C4, D, G3, J, ASCITIC FLUID & CALCULI+ 1987; A, B1, B3-6, C4, D, G3, J, ASCITIC FLUID, BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID & CALCULI+ 1988-89; A2-16; B1, B3-6, C4, D & J 1990-91; D 1992 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/AN or AN (SH) or SUBS APPLY AN Y01 M0030237 analysis Used for the identification or quantitative determination of a substance or its constituents and metabolites; includes the analysis of air, water, or other environmental carrier. It excludes the chemical analysis of tissues, tumors, body fluids, organisms, and plants for which "chemistry" is used. The concept applies to both methodology and results. For analysis of substances in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine the specific subheading designating the fluid is used. M0030237 M0030239 M0030237 M0030240 M0030237 M0030238 T060585 analysis AN ANAL M0030239 chemical analysis M0030237 M0030239 T060587 chemical analysis M0030240 determination M0030237 M0030240 T060588 determination M0030238 assay M0030237 M0030238 T060586 assay Q000033 anatomy & histology 1973 12 27 2017 04 11 1966 01 01 subheading only; normal structure only; for disordered structural change use /pathology; see also /cytology & /ultrastructure; see also ‌/‌blood ‌supply & /innervation; see also /abnormalities 66; used with Category A & B 1966-74; A, B1-2 & B5-6 1975-89; A1-10, A13-14, A16, B1-2 & B6 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/AH or AH (SH) or SUBS APPLY AH Y02 M0030241 anatomy & histology Used with organs, regions, and tissues for normal descriptive anatomy and histology, and for the normal anatomy and structure of animals and plants. M0030241 M0030242 M0030241 M0030244 M0030241 M0030243 T060589 anatomy & histology AH ANATOMY A ANAT T000912273 anatomy and histology 2016 11 29 M0030242 histology M0030241 M0030242 T060590 histology M0030244 morphology M0030241 M0030244 T060592 morphology M0030243 anatomy M0030241 M0030243 T060591 anatomy Q000037 antagonists & inhibitors 1973 12 27 2017 04 11 1968 01 01 subheading only; for exogenous & endogenous substances; do not confuse with /agonists 68; used with Category D 1968-89; D1-24 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/AI or AI (SH) or SUBS APPLY AI Y03.030 Y07.040 M0030247 antagonists & inhibitors Used with chemicals, drugs, and endogenous substances to indicate substances or agents which counteract their biological effects by any mechanism. M0030247 M0030249 M0030247 M0030248 T060595 antagonists & inhibitors AI ANTAG T000912284 antagonists and inhibitors 2016 11 29 M0030249 inhibitors M0030247 M0030249 T060597 inhibitors M0030248 antagonists M0030247 M0030248 T060596 antagonists Q000096 biosynthesis 1973 12 27 2003 07 22 1966 01 01 subhead only; includes "formation" & "production" of substances by living tissue or organisms; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.9; DF /biosyn or /BI 66; used with Category D 1966-89; D8-9, D12-13 & D24 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/BI or BI (SH) or SUBS APPLY BI Y08.040.010 M0030287 biosynthesis Used for the anabolic formation of chemical substances in organisms, in living cells, or by subcellular fractions. T060639 biosynthesis BI BIOSYN T060641 bioformation T060640 anabolism Q000097 blood 1973 12 27 2003 07 22 1967 01 01 subhead only; for "in blood" or "blood in" animals or diseases; includes the presence of cells, coagulating elements, endogenous & exogenous chemical substances; not for "serology" ( = /immunology), nor for "serodiagnosis" ( = /diagnosis), nor for the presence of microbes or parasites in the blood in disease ( = /microbiology or /parasitology); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.10; DF: /blood or /BL 67; used with Category C, D & F 1967-74; B2, C, D, F3 1975-86; B2, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+ & PUERPERIUM+ 1987; B2, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING 1988; B2, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING+ 1989; B2, C, D1-24 & F3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/BL or BL (SH) or SUBS APPLY BL Y01.010 Y08.040.020 M0030288 blood Used for the presence or analysis of substances in the blood; also for examination of, or changes in, the blood in disease states. It excludes serodiagnosis, for which the subheading "diagnosis" is used, and serology, for which "immunology" is used. T060642 blood BL BLOOD Q000098 blood supply 1973 12 27 2003 07 24 1966 01 01 subhead only; includes arteries, veins, capillaries & microvasculature; covers vascular anatomy, circulation & pressure; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.11; DF: /blood supply or /BS 66; used with Category A 1966-74; A1-6, A8-10 & A13-16 1975; A1-6, A8-10, A13-16 & C4 1976-89; A1-6, A8-10, A13-14 & C4 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/BS or BS (SH) or SUBS APPLY BS Y02.010 M0030289 blood supply Used for arterial, capillary, and venous systems of an organ or region whenever the specific heading for the vessel does not exist. It includes blood flow through the organ. M0030289 M0030290 T060643 blood supply BS BLOOD SUPPLY T060644 vasculature M0030290 microvasculature M0030289 M0030290 T060645 microvasculature Q000134 cerebrospinal fluid 1973 12 27 2003 07 22 1967 01 01 subhead only; for "in cerebrospinal fluid" or "cerebrospinal fluid in" animals or diseases; includes the presence of cells & endogenous & exogenous chemical substances; not for the presence of microbes or parasites in the cerebrospinal fluid in disease ( = /microbiology or /parasitology); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.12; DF: /csf or /CF 67; used with Category C, D & F 1967-74; B2, C, D & F3 1975-86; B2, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+ & PUERPERIUM+ 1987; B2, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING 1989; B2, C, D1-24 & F3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/CF or CF (SH) or SUBS APPLY CF Y01.020 Y08.040.030 M0030318 cerebrospinal fluid Used for the presence or analysis of substances in the cerebrospinal fluid; also for examination of or changes in cerebrospinal fluid in disease states. T060681 cerebrospinal fluid CF CSF Q000138 chemical synthesis 1973 12 27 2003 07 22 1968 01 01 subhead only; for chemical preparation or production of substances in vitro only, in laboratories or industry; not for formation of substances in living tissue ( = /biosynthesis); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.13; DF: /chem syn or /CS 68; used with Category D 1968 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/CS or CS (SH) or SUBS APPLY CS Y03.040 M0030321 chemical synthesis Used for the chemical preparation of molecules in vitro. For the formation of chemical substances in organisms, living cells, or subcellular fractions, "biosynthesis" is used. T060684 chemical synthesis CS CHEM SYN Q000139 chemically induced 1973 12 27 2003 07 22 1967 01 01 subhead only; for biol phenomena or diseases induced by endogenous or exogenous substances; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.14; DF: /chem ind or /CI 1967; used with Category C & F 1967-1974; C & F3 1975-2000; C, F, & G 2001 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/CI or CI (SH) or SUBS APPLY CI Y05.010 M0030322 chemically induced Used for biological phenomena, diseases, syndromes, congenital abnormalities, or symptoms caused by endogenous or exogenous substances. T060685 chemically induced CI CHEM IND Q000145 classification 1973 12 27 2003 07 24 1966 01 01 subhead only; includes "taxonomy", "systematics", "hierarchies"; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.16; DF: /class or /CL 66; used with Category B 1966; B-I 1967; B-I & N 1968-74; B-N 1975-79; A11 & B-N 1980-89; B-E, F2-4, G1-2, G12, I, J, M & N2-4 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/CL or CL (SH) or SUBS APPLY CL Y19 M0030329 classification Used for taxonomic or other systematic or hierarchical classification systems. M0030329 M0030330 M0030329 M0030331 T060692 classification CL CLASS T060693 taxonomy M0030330 systematics M0030329 M0030330 T060694 systematics M0030331 hierarchies M0030329 M0030331 T060695 hierarchies T060696 hierarchy Q000150 complications 1973 12 27 2019 06 17 1966 01 01 subhead only; includes "sequelae"; also for "co-existent" or "associated" diseases; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.17; DF: /compl or /CO 66; used with Category C & F 1966-74; C & F3 1975 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/CO or CO (SH) or SUBS APPLY CO Y05.020 M0030334 complications Used with diseases to indicate conditions that co-exist or follow, i.e., co-existing diseases, complications, or sequelae. M0030334 M0030336 M0030334 M0030341 M0030334 M0030338 M0030334 M0030340 M0030334 M0030335 M0030334 M0030337 T060699 complications CO COMPL M0030336 associated disease M0030334 M0030336 T060701 associated disease M0030341 sequelae M0030334 M0030341 T060706 sequelae T060707 sequels M0030338 coexistent disease M0030334 M0030338 T060703 coexistent disease M0030340 concomitant disease M0030334 M0030340 T060705 concomitant disease M0030335 associated conditions M0030334 M0030335 T060700 associated conditions M0030337 coexistent conditions M0030334 M0030337 T060702 coexistent conditions T060704 concomitant conditions Q000151 congenital 1973 12 27 2003 07 22 1966 01 01 subhead only; diseases existing at or before birth; not for structural abnormalities ( = /abnormalities) nor for birth injuries ( = /injuries); indexing policy: Manual 19.8.18; DF: /congen or /CN 66 search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/CN or CN (SH) or SUBS APPLY CN Y05.030 M0030343 congenital Used with disease headings to indicate those conditions existing at, and usually before, birth. It excludes morphologic abnormalities and birth injuries, for which "abnormalities" and "injuries" are used. T060708 congenital CN CONGEN T060709 connatal Q000166 cytology 1973 12 27 2004 07 09 1967 01 01 subhead only; normal structure only; for non-normal, use /pathology; includes cellular & intracellular structure, morphology, multiplication, cell cycle, differentiation, etc.; see also /ultrastructure; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.20; DF: /cytol or /CY 67; used with Category A & B 1966-85; A, B1, B3 & B5-6 1986; A, B1, B3, B5-6 & ASCITIC FLUID 1987; A, B1, B3, B5-6, ASCITIC FLUID & BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID 1988-89; A2-10, A12-16, B1, B3 & B5-6 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/CY or CY (SH) or SUBS APPLY CY Y02.020 M0030350 cytology Used for cellular appearance of unicellular and multicellular organisms. M0030350 M0030351 M0030350 M0030352 T060717 cytology CY CYTOL T060718 cellular aspects M0030351 cellular morphology M0030350 M0030351 T060720 cellular morphology T060719 cell morphology M0030352 cell structure M0030350 M0030352 T060721 cell structure T060722 cellular structure Q000172 deficiency 1974 10 23 2003 07 22 1975 01 01 subhead only; for deficient or inadequate intake or biosynthesis; also for deficient secretion of endogenous substances; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.21; /DF: /defic or /DF 75; used with Category D 1975-89; D8, D12-13 & D24 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/DF or DF (SH) or SUBS APPLY DF Y08.040.040 M0030357 deficiency Used with endogenous and exogenous substances which are absent or in diminished amount relative to the normal requirement of an organism or a biologic system. T060727 deficiency DF DEFIC Q000175 diagnosis 1973 12 27 2017 04 11 1966 01 01 subheading only; includes "examination", "symptoms" 66; used with Category C & F 1966-74; C & F3 1975 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/DI or DI (SH) or SUBS APPLY DI Y04 M0030360 diagnosis Used with diseases for all aspects of diagnosis, including examination, differential diagnosis and prognosis. Excludes diagnosis using imaging techniques (e.g. radiography, scintigraphy, and ultrasonography) for which "diagnostic imaging" is used. M0030360 M0030365 M0030360 M0030363 M0030360 M0030364 M0030360 M0030362 T060730 diagnosis DI DIAG M0030365 symptoms M0030360 M0030365 T060735 symptoms M0030363 signs M0030360 M0030363 T060733 signs M0030364 findings M0030360 M0030364 T060734 findings M0030362 screening M0030360 M0030362 T060732 screening Q000178 diet therapy 1974 10 23 2015 12 15 1975 01 01 subhead only; for dietary & nutritional management of a disease by a physician; not for self diets; not for vitamin or mineral supplements prescribed by a physician ( = /drug therapy); indexing policy: Manual 19.8.24; DF: /diet ther or /DH 75; used with Category C & F3 1975 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/DH or DH (SH) or SUBS APPLY DH Y11.010 M0030367 diet therapy Used with disease headings for dietary and nutritional management of the disease. The concept does not include vitamin or mineral supplements, for which "drug therapy" may be used. T060737 diet therapy DH DIET THER T060739 nutritional management T060738 dietary management Q000187 drug effects 1973 12 27 2003 07 22 1966 01 01 subhead only; for effect of exogenously administered drugs & chemicals; includes their mechanism of action; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.25; DF: /drug eff or /DE 66; used with Category A, B & G 1966; A, B, F & G 1967-74; A, B, F1-2 & G4-11 1975-81; A, B1, B3-6, F1-2 & G4-11 1982; A, B1, B3-6, F1-2 & G4-12 1983-86; A, B1, B3-6, F1-2, G4-12, BLOOD PROTEINS+, DNA+ & RNA+ 1987-88; A, B1, B3-6, F1-2, G4-12, BLOOD PROTEINS+ & NUCLEIC ACIDS+ 1989; A2-16, B1, B3-6, D12 & G4-12 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/DE or DE (SH) or SUBS APPLY DE Y21 M0030371 drug effects Used with organs, regions, tissues, or organisms and physiological and psychological processes for the effects of drugs and chemicals. T060743 drug effects DE DRUG EFF T060745 pharmacologic effects T060744 effect of drugs Q000188 drug therapy 1999 11 03 2003 07 22 1966 01 01 subhead only; includes treatment or prevention by drugs & chemicals; includes therapy with antibiotics; not for immunotherapy nor for tissue therapy ( = /therapy); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.26; DF: /drug ther or /DT 66; used with Category C & F 1966-74; C & F3 1975-87; C, F3 & SMOKING 1988; C, F3 & SMOKING+ 1989; C & F3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/DT or DT (SH) or SUBS APPLY DT Y11.020 M0030372 drug therapy Used with disease headings for the treatment of disease by the administration of drugs, chemicals, and antibiotics. For diet therapy and radiotherapy, use specific subheadings. Excludes immunotherapy for which "therapy" is used. T060746 drug therapy DT DRUG THER T060749 pharmacologic therapy T060748 pharmacotherapy T060747 chemotherapy Q000191 economics 1977 05 16 2003 07 24 1978 01 01 subhead only; includes "finances", "financing", "funding", "costs", "fees", "salaries", "financial management", etc.; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.27; DF: /econ or /EC CATALOG: may be subdivided geographically 78; used with Category C, E, F3 & N2-4 1978-79; C, E, F3-4, G1-3, I2, J, L & N2-4 1980-87; C, E, F3-4, G1-3, I2, J, L, N2-4 & SMOKING 1988; C, E, F3-4, G1-3, I2, J, L, N2-4 & SMOKING+ 1989; C, E, F3-4, G1-2, I2-3, J & N2-4 1990-91; C, D, E, F3-4, G1-2 I2-3, J & N2-4 1992 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/EC or EC (SH) or SUBS APPLY EC Y06.010 M0030375 economics Used for the economic aspects of any subject, as well as for all aspects of financial management. It includes the raising or providing of funds. M0030375 M0030377 M0030375 M0030379 M0030375 M0030378 M0030375 M0030380 M0030375 M0030382 M0030375 M0030376 M0030375 M0030381 T060752 economics EC ECON M0030377 fees M0030375 M0030377 T060754 fees M0030379 salaries M0030375 M0030379 T060756 salaries M0030378 financial management M0030375 M0030378 T060755 financial management M0030380 financing M0030375 M0030380 T060757 financing M0030382 funding M0030375 M0030382 T060759 funding M0030376 cost M0030375 M0030376 T060753 cost M0030381 finances M0030375 M0030381 T060758 finances Q000193 education 1973 12 27 2003 07 24 1967 01 01 subhead only; includes "training", "teaching", "curriculum"; for the teacher teaching, the student learning & the courses taught; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.28; DF: /educ or /ED CATALOG: may be subdivided geographically 67; used with Category F-I 1967; F-I & N 1968-71; F-I, M & N 1972-74; E, F, G1-3, H-M & N1-2 1975-89; F4, G1-2, I3 & M 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/ED or ED (SH) or SUBS APPLY ED Y23 M0030384 education Used for education, training programs, and courses in various fields and disciplines, and for training groups of persons. M0030384 M0030386 M0030384 M0030387 M0030384 M0030385 T060761 education ED EDUC M0030386 teaching M0030384 M0030386 T060763 teaching M0030387 training M0030384 M0030387 T060764 training M0030385 curriculum M0030384 M0030385 T060762 curriculum Q000196 embryology 1973 12 27 2003 07 24 1966 01 01 subhead only; includes "embryonic", "embryonal", "embryological aspects"; for embryonic & fetal development; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.29; DF: /embryol or /EM 66; used with Category A 1966; A & B 1967-69; A, B & C 1970-74; A1-10, A13-15, B1-2, B6 & C 1975-89; A1-10, A13-14, B1-2, B6 & C 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/EM or EM (SH) or SUBS APPLY EM Y02.030 Y05.040 M0030391 embryology Used with organs, regions, and animal headings for embryologic and fetal development. It is used also with diseases for embryologic factors contributing to postnatal disorders. M0030391 M0030395 M0030391 M0030392 M0030391 M0030393 M0030391 M0030394 T060768 embryology EM EMBRYOL M0030395 prenatal development M0030391 M0030395 T060772 prenatal development M0030392 fetal development M0030391 M0030392 T060769 fetal development M0030393 embryonic aspects M0030391 M0030393 T060770 embryonic aspects M0030394 embryonic development M0030391 M0030394 T060771 embryonic development Q000201 enzymology 1973 12 27 2007 07 10 1966 01 01 subhead only; for enzymatic metabolism, kinetics, analysis & inhibition; not for CLINICAL ENZYME TESTS ( = /diagnosis); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.30; DF: /enzymol or /EN 66; used with Category A & B 1966-67; A-C & F 1968-74; A, B1, B3-6, C & F3 1975-89; A2-16, B1, B3-6, C & F3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/EN or EN (SH) or SUBS APPLY EN Y08.040.050 M0030398 enzymology Used with organisms, except vertebrates, and with organs and tissues. It is also used with diseases for enzymes during the course of the disease, but excludes diagnostic enzyme tests, for which "diagnosis" is used. M0030398 M0030399 T060775 enzymology EN ENZYMOL T060776 enzymes M0030399 enzyme activity M0030398 M0030399 T060777 enzyme activity Q000208 ethnology 1974 10 23 2015 07 01 1975 01 01 subhead only; with disease & selected terms for "the place of origin of a group of people"; with geog terms for the place of origin; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.32; DF: /ethnol or /EH CATALOG: may be subdivided geographically 75; used with Category Z 1975-86; C, F3 Z, AGING, ALCOHOL DRINKING, CLIMACTERIC+, FOOD HABITS & PUBERTY+ 1987; C, F3, Z, AGING, ALCOHOL DRINKING, CLIMACTERIC+, FOOD HABITS, PUBERTY+ & SMOKING 1988; C, F3, Z, AGING, ALCOHOL DRINKING, CLIMACTERIC+, FAMILY+, FOOD HABITS, HOMOSEXUALITY, PUBERTY+ & SMOKING+ 1989; C1-21, C23, F3 & Z 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/EH or EH (SH) or SUBS APPLY EH; restricted to Category Z 1975-86 Y09.010.010 M0030405 ethnology Used with diseases for ethnic, cultural, or anthropological aspects, and with geographic headings to indicate the place of origin of a group of people. M0030405 M0030408 M0030405 M0030407 T060783 ethnology EH ETHNOL M0030408 ethnicity M0030405 M0030408 T060786 ethnicity M0030407 culture M0030405 M0030407 T060785 culture Q000209 etiology 1973 12 27 2003 07 24 1966 01 01 subhead only; includes "pathogenesis" & "causes"; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.33; DF: /etiol or /ET 66; used with Category C & F 1966-74; C & F3 1975 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/ET or ET (SH) or SUBS APPLY ET Y05 M0030410 etiology Used with diseases for causative agents including microorganisms and includes environmental and social factors and personal habits as contributing factors. It includes pathogenesis. M0030410 M0030411 T060788 etiology ET ETIOL T060790 causality T060789 causes M0030411 pathogenesis M0030410 M0030411 T060791 pathogenesis Q000235 genetics 1977 05 16 2003 07 24 1978 01 01 subhead only; includes "heredity"; with organisms for genetic discussions; with diseases for the genetic basis & means of inheritance; with endogenous chemicals only for their genetic aspects; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.34; DF: /genet or /GE 78; /familial & genetic was subheading 1966-88; used with Category B, D6, D8-13 & D24 1978-86; B, D6, D8-13, D24, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, DRUG RESISTANCE+, PIGMENTATION+ & PUBERTY+ 1987-88; B, C, D6, D8-13, D24, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, DRUG RESISTANCE+, ETHNIC GROUPS+, PIGMENTATION+, PUBERTY+ & RACIAL STOCKS+ 1989; B, C, D8-9, D11-13, D24, F3 & G4-12 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/GE or GE (SH) or SUBS APPLY GE; use /genetics to search /familial & genetic back thru 1966 Y05.050 Y08.010 M0030426 genetics Used for mechanisms of heredity and the genetics of organisms, for the genetic basis of normal and pathologic states, and for the genetic aspects of endogenous chemicals. It includes biochemical and molecular influence on genetic material. M0030426 M0030427 T060806 genetics GE GENET M0030427 heredity M0030426 M0030427 T060807 heredity Q000254 growth & development 1973 12 27 2019 07 09 1966 01 01 subheading only; for micro-organisms & plants; with animals, for postnatal development only: for prenatal development, see /embryology 66; used with Category A & B 1966-74; A1-9, A13-15 & B 1975-86; A1-9, A13-15, B & INFANT, NEWBORN+ 1987-89; A1-l0, A13-14 & B 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/GD or GD (SH) or SUBS APPLY GD Y08.020 M0030446 growth & development Used with microorganisms, plants, and the postnatal period of animals for growth and development. It includes also the postnatal growth or development of organs or anatomical parts. For prenatal period of animals for growth and development use /embryology. M0030446 M0030450 M0030446 M0030449 M0030446 M0030448 M0030446 M0030447 T060828 growth & development GD GROWTH A GROWTH T000912280 growth and development 2016 11 29 M0030450 postnatal growth M0030446 M0030450 T060832 postnatal growth M0030449 postnatal development M0030446 M0030449 T060831 postnatal development M0030448 development M0030446 M0030448 T060830 development M0030447 growth M0030446 M0030447 T060829 growth Q000266 history 1973 12 27 2004 07 09 1966 01 01 subhead only; for historical articles or historical notes in articles; not for "case histories" ( = check tag CASE REPORTS [Publication Type]); indexing policy: Manual 19.8.36; DF: /hist or /HI CATALOG: may be subdivided geographically 66; used with Category C-M 1966-67; C-N 1968-74; C-F, G1-3 & H-N 1975-1989; C-E, F3-4, G1-2, I2-3, J, M & N2-3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/HI or HI (SH) or SUBS APPLY HI Y27 M0030460 history Used for the historical aspects of any subject. It includes brief historical notes but excludes case histories. M0030460 M0030461 T060845 history HI HIST T060846 historical aspects M0030461 historical notes M0030460 M0030461 T060847 historical notes Q000276 immunology 1973 12 27 2015 07 01 1966 01 01 subhead only; for "immunological aspects"; for substances as antigens or haptens; for antibodies to substances, organs or organisms; not for immunotherapy ( = /therapy), nor for immunologic prevention, as with vaccines ( = /prevention & control), nor for serodiagnosis ( = /diagnosis); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.37; DF: /immunol or /IM 66; used with Category B & C 1966-67; A, B & C 1968-69; A, B, C & F 1970-74; A, B, C & F3 1975-86; A, B, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+ & PUERPERIUM+ 1987; A, B, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING 1988; A, B, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING+ 1989; A2-16, B, C, D1-24, F3 & G4-12 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/IM or IM (SH) or SUBS APPLY IM Y05.060 Y08.030 M0030471 immunology Used for immunologic studies of tissues, organs, microorganisms, fungi, viruses, and animals. It includes immunologic aspects of diseases but not immunologic procedures used for diagnostic, preventive, or therapeutic purposes, for which "diagnosis", "prevention & control", or "therapy" are used. The concept is also used for chemicals as antigens or haptens. T060858 immunology IM IMMUNOL Q000293 injuries 1973 12 27 2003 07 24 1966 01 01 subhead only; by physical trauma only; includes "wounds", "trauma"; for "lesion" in Romance languages; not for cell damage ( = /pathology); indexing policy: Manual 19.8.38; DF: /inj or /IN 66; used with Category C 1966; Category A 1967-74; A1-9 & A13-15 1975-88; A1-9, A13-15 & B2 1989; A1-10, A13-14, B2 & I3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/IN or IN (SH) or SUBS APPLY IN Y29 M0030486 injuries Used with anatomic headings, animals, and sports for wounds and injuries. Excludes cell damage, for which "pathology" is used. M0030486 M0030487 T060876 injuries IN INJ T060877 trauma M0030487 wounds M0030486 M0030487 T060878 wounds Q000294 innervation 1973 12 27 2003 07 22 1966 01 01 subhead only; includes "nerve supply"; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.39; DF: /innerv or /IR 66; used with Category A 1966-74; A1-9 & A13-16 1975; A1-7, A9 & A13-16 1976-89; A1-7, A9-10, A13-14 & A16 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/IR or IR (SH) or SUBS APPLY IR Y02.040 M0030488 innervation Used with organs, regions, or tissues for their nerve supply. T060879 innervation IR INNERV T060880 nerve supply Q000295 instrumentation 1973 12 27 2003 07 24 1966 01 01 subhead only; includes "apparatus", "appliances", "instruments","equipment", "supplies", "devices"; not for techniques ( = /methods); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.40; DF: /instrum or /IS 66; used with Category E-H 1966-67; E-H & J 1968-74; E, F2, F4, G1-3, H, J & L 1975-81; E1-6, F2, F4, G1-3, H, J & L 1982-89; E1-6, F4 & G1-2 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/IS or IS (SH) or SUBS APPLY IS Y31 M0030489 instrumentation Used with diagnostic or therapeutic procedures, analytic techniques, and specialties or disciplines, for the development or modification of apparatus, instruments, or equipment. M0030489 M0030494 M0030489 M0030490 M0030489 M0030491 M0030489 M0030492 M0030489 M0030493 T060881 instrumentation IS INSTRUM M0030494 instruments M0030489 M0030494 T060886 instruments M0030490 devices M0030489 M0030490 T060882 devices M0030491 equipment M0030489 M0030491 T060883 equipment M0030492 apparatus M0030489 M0030492 T060884 apparatus M0030493 appliances M0030489 M0030493 T060885 appliances Q000302 isolation & purification 1973 12 27 2017 04 11 1966 01 01 subhead only; with micro-organisms & helminths includes obtaining pure strains, demonstrating presence & culture techniques but consider also /growth & development; with chemicals & biological substances includes isolation of constituents; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.41; DF: /isol or /IP 66; used with Category B 1966-68; B & D 1969-74; B1, B3-5 & D 1975 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/IP or IP (SH) or SUBS APPLY IP Y01.030 M0030500 isolation & purification Used with bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and helminths for the obtaining of pure strains or for the demonstration of the presence of or identification of organisms by DNA analyses, immunologic, or other methods, including culture techniques. It is used also with biological substances and chemicals for the isolation and purification of the constituents. M0030500 M0030502 M0030500 M0030501 T060892 isolation & purification IP ISOLATION A ISOL T000912272 isolation and purification 2016 11 29 M0030502 purification M0030500 M0030502 T060894 purification M0030501 isolation M0030500 M0030501 T060893 isolation Q000331 legislation & jurisprudence 1977 05 16 2017 04 11 1978 01 01 subheading only; includes "legal", "laws", "government regulations", "statutes", "ordinances", "medicolegal", "judicial", "juridical", "suits", "avoidance of suits", "litigation", "court decisions" 78; used with Category I1-2 & N2-4 1978-87; I1-2, L, N2-4 & SMOKING 1988; G2-3, I1-2, L, N2-4 & SMOKING+ 1989; G1-2, I2-3 & N2-4 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/LJ or LJ (SH) or SUBS APPLY LJ Y06.020 M0030527 legislation & jurisprudence Used for laws, statutes, ordinances, or government regulations, as well as for legal controversy and court decisions. M0030527 M0030528 M0030527 M0030529 M0030527 M0030536 M0030527 M0030537 M0030527 M0030541 M0030527 M0030538 M0030527 M0030531 M0030527 M0030533 M0030527 M0030539 M0030527 M0030540 M0030527 M0030534 M0030527 M0030535 M0030527 M0030530 T060922 legislation & jurisprudence LJ LEGISLATION AB LEGIS T000912276 legislation and jurisprudence 2016 11 29 M0030528 court decisions M0030527 M0030528 T060923 court decisions M0030529 government regulations M0030527 M0030529 T060924 government regulations M0030536 judicial aspects M0030527 M0030536 T060932 judicial aspects M0030537 juridical aspects M0030527 M0030537 T060933 juridical aspects M0030541 statutes M0030527 M0030541 T060937 statutes M0030538 lawsuits M0030527 M0030538 T060934 lawsuits M0030531 legal aspects M0030527 M0030531 T060927 legal aspects T060926 jurisprudence M0030533 litigation M0030527 M0030533 T060929 litigation M0030539 medicolegal aspects M0030527 M0030539 T060935 medicolegal aspects M0030540 ordinances M0030527 M0030540 T060936 ordinances M0030534 regulations M0030527 M0030534 T060930 regulations M0030535 civil suits M0030527 M0030535 T060931 civil suits M0030530 laws M0030527 M0030530 T060925 laws Q000378 metabolism 1973 12 27 2020 07 06 1966 01 01 subheading only: includes "binding", "catabolism", "conversion", "degradation", "pathway", "splitting", "storage", "utilization"; not for "anabolism": use instead /‌biosynthesis; for "absorption", "release", "transport", "uptake" /‌pharmacokinetics is also available; for excretion into the blood use /‌blood, into the cerebrospinal fluid use /‌cerebrospinal fluid, into the urine use /‌urine; for biosynthesis or synthesis use /‌biosynthesis; for metabolic aspects of enzymes use /‌enzymology with Category A, B, and C terms 66; used with Category A-D & F 1966-74; A-D & F3 1975-86; A-D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+ & PUERPERIUM+ 1987; A-D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING 1988; A-D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING+ 1989; A2-16, B-D & F3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use; main heading/ME or ME (SH) or SUBS APPLY ME; included /pharmacokinetics 1966-87 Y08.040 M0030575 metabolism Used with organs, cells and subcellular fractions, organisms, and diseases for biochemical changes. It is used also with drugs and chemicals for catabolic changes (breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones). For anabolic processes (conversion of small molecules into large), BIOSYNTHESIS is used. For enzymology and pharmacokinetics use the specific subheadings. M0030575 M0030576 M0030575 M0030759 M0030575 M0030583 M0030575 M0030579 M0030575 M0030578 M0030575 M0030577 T060983 metabolism ME METAB M0030576 biodegradation M0030575 M0030576 T060984 biodegradation M0030759 secretion Used for the discharge across the cell membrane, into the extracellular space or ducts, of endogenous substances resulting from the activity of intact cells of glands, tissues, or organs. M0030575 M0030759 T061192 secretion SE SECRET M0030583 catabolism M0030575 M0030583 T060991 catabolism M0030579 degradation M0030575 M0030579 T060987 degradation M0030578 biochemical pathways M0030575 M0030578 T060986 biochemical pathways M0030577 biotransformation M0030575 M0030577 T060985 biotransformation Q000379 methods 1974 10 23 2003 07 24 1975 01 01 subhead only; includes "technique", "methodology", "procedures"; see also /instrumentation; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.45; DF: /methods or /MT 75; used with Category E, F4, G1-3, H-J, L & N 1975-81; E1-6, F4, G1-3, H-J, L & N 1982-89; E1-6, F4, G1-2 & I2 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/MT or MT (SH) or SUBS APPLY MT Y33 M0030584 methods Used with techniques, procedures, and programs for methods. M0030584 M0030585 T060992 methods MT METHODS T060994 techniques T060993 procedures M0030585 methodology M0030584 M0030585 T060995 methodology Q000382 microbiology 1973 12 27 2015 07 01 1967 01 01 subhead only; see also /parasitology & /virology; for ability of organisms to cause disease use /pathogenicity; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.46; DF: /microbiol or /MI 67; used with Category A & C 1967-74; A, B1-2, B6, C & F3 1975-86; A, B1-2, B6, C, F3 & INFANT, NEWBORN+; A, B1-2, B6, C & F3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/MI or MI (SH) or SUBS APPLY MI Y05.070 M0030588 microbiology Used with organs, animals, and higher plants and with diseases for microbiologic studies. For parasites, "parasitology" is used; for viruses, "virology" is used. M0030588 M0030593 M0030588 M0030592 T060998 microbiology MI MICROBIOL M0030593 fungi M0030588 M0030593 T061003 fungi M0030592 bacteria M0030588 M0030592 T061002 bacteria Q000401 mortality 1973 12 27 2004 07 13 1967 01 01 subhead only; includes "survival"; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.47; DF: /mortal or /MO CATALOG: may be subdivided geographically 67; used with Category C, E & F 1967-74; C, E & F3-4 1975-86; C, E, F3-4 & SMOKING 1988; C, E, F3-4, ACCIDENTS+ & SMOKING+ 1989; C, E4 & F3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/MO or MO (SH) or SUBS APPLY MO Y09.010.020 M0030609 mortality Used with human and veterinary diseases for mortality statistics. For deaths resulting from various procedures statistically but for a death resulting in a specific case, use FATAL OUTCOME, not /mortality. M0030609 M0030612 M0030609 M0030611 T061020 mortality MO MORTAL M0030612 survival M0030609 M0030612 T061023 survival M0030611 death rate M0030609 M0030611 T061022 death rate Q000451 nursing 1973 12 27 2003 07 24 1966 01 01 subhead only; includes "nursing care" by professional nurse or physician-prescribed home programs; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.48; DF: /nurs or /NU 66; used with Category C & F 1966-69; C, E & F 1970-74; C, E & F3 1975 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/NU or NU (SH) or SUBS APPLY NU Y11.030 M0030646 nursing Used with diseases for nursing care and techniques in their management. It includes the nursing role in diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive procedures. M0030646 M0030647 T061061 nursing NU NURS T061062 nursing care M0030647 home care M0030646 M0030647 T061063 home care Q000453 epidemiology 1973 12 27 2004 07 13 1966 01 01 subhead only; with diseases & geographicals only; includes "incidence", "frequency", "prevalence", "occurrence", "outbreaks"; not for "mortality" ( = /mortality); not for "statistics" on non-disease terms ( = /statist); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.31; DF: /epidemiol or /EP CATALOG: may be subdivided geographically 89; was /occurrence 1966-88; was used with Category C, F3 & SMOKING+ 1989; C, F3 & Z 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/EP or EP (SH) or SUBS APPLY EP; use /epidemiology to search /occurrence 1966-88 Y09.010 M0030648 epidemiology Used with human and veterinary diseases for the distribution of disease, factors which cause disease, and the attributes of disease in defined populations; includes incidence, frequency, prevalence, endemic and epidemic outbreaks; also surveys and estimates of morbidity in geographic areas and in specified populations. Used also with geographical headings for the location of epidemiologic aspects of a disease. Excludes mortality for which "mortality" is used. M0030648 M0030649 M0030648 M0030657 M0030648 M0030654 M0030648 M0030651 M0030648 M0030656 M0030648 M0030652 M0030648 M0030653 M0030648 M0030655 M0030648 M0030650 T061064 epidemiology EP EPIDEMIOL M0030649 epidemics M0030648 M0030649 T061065 epidemics M0030657 frequency M0030648 M0030657 T061073 frequency M0030654 surveillance M0030648 M0030654 T061070 surveillance M0030651 morbidity M0030648 M0030651 T061067 morbidity M0030656 occurrence M0030648 M0030656 T061072 occurrence M0030652 outbreaks M0030648 M0030652 T061068 outbreaks M0030653 prevalence M0030648 M0030653 T061069 prevalence M0030655 endemics M0030648 M0030655 T061071 endemics M0030650 incidence M0030648 M0030650 T061066 incidence Q000458 organization & administration 1977 05 16 2017 04 11 1978 01 01 subheading only 78; used with Category N2-4 1978-79; I2, L & N2-4 1980-88; G2, I2, L & N2-4 1989; G1-2, I2, N2-4 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/OG or OG (SH) or SUBS APPLY OG Y06 M0030662 organization & administration Used for administrative structure and management. M0030662 M0030666 M0030662 M0030665 M0030662 M0030663 M0030662 M0030667 M0030662 M0030664 T061078 organization & administration OG ORGANIZATION ANDD ORGAN T000912275 organization and administration 2016 11 29 M0030666 organizational management M0030662 M0030666 T061082 organizational management M0030665 administrative structure M0030662 M0030665 T061081 administrative structure M0030663 organization M0030662 M0030663 T061079 organization M0030667 organizational structure M0030662 M0030667 T061083 organizational structure M0030664 administrative management M0030662 M0030664 T061080 administrative management Q000469 parasitology 1974 10 23 2015 07 01 1975 01 01 subhead only; for protozoa & higher parasites; see also /microbiology & /virology; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.50; DF: /parasitol or /PS 75; used with Category A, B1-2, B6, C & F3 1975-86; A, B1-2, B6, C, F3 & INFANT, NEWBORN+ 1987-89; A, B1-2, B6, C & F3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PS or PS (SH) or SUBS APPLY PS Y05.080 M0030677 parasitology Used with animals, higher plants, organs, and diseases for parasitic factors. In diseases, it is not used if the parasitic involvement is implicit in the diagnosis. M0030677 M0030680 M0030677 M0030682 M0030677 M0030679 M0030677 M0030681 T061093 parasitology PS PARASITOL M0030680 protozoology M0030677 M0030680 T061096 protozoology M0030682 protozoa M0030677 M0030682 T061098 protozoa M0030679 helminthology M0030677 M0030679 T061095 helminthology M0030681 parasites M0030677 M0030681 T061097 parasites Q000472 pathogenicity 1973 12 27 2003 07 24 1966 01 01 subhead only; for the potential ability of micro-organisms or parasites to cause disease in man, animal, or plant under specified conditions: not for specific infections; includes virulence; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.51; DF: /pathogen or /PY 66; used with Category B 1966-74; B1 & B3-5 1975 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PY or PY (SH) or SUBS APPLY PY Y35 M0030684 pathogenicity Used with microorganisms, viruses, and parasites for studies of their ability to cause disease in man, animals, or plants. M0030684 M0030685 T061100 pathogenicity PY PATHOGEN T061101 infectivity M0030685 virulence M0030684 M0030685 T061102 virulence Q000473 pathology 1973 12 27 2016 06 15 1966 01 01 subheading only; for description of tissue or cell structure in disease: not for normal tissue ( = / anatomy & histology) nor for normal cells ( = / cytology); not a synonym for "disease"; includes biopsy; for subcellular pathology use / ultrastruct 66; used with Category A, C & F 1966-74; A, C & F3 1975-86; A, C, F3 & AGING 1987; A, C, F3, AGING, BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID & SMOKING 1988; A, C, F3, AGING & SMOKING+ 1989; A1-11, A13-16, C & F3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PA or PA (SH) or SUBS APPLY PA Y02.050 M0030686 pathology Used for organ, tissue, or cell structure in disease states. M0030686 M0030688 M0030686 M0030689 M0030686 M0030687 T061103 pathology PA PATHOL M0030688 cytopathology M0030686 M0030688 T061105 cytopathology M0030689 histopathology M0030686 M0030689 T061106 histopathology M0030687 biopsy M0030686 M0030687 T061104 biopsy Q000493 pharmacokinetics 1987 04 18 2015 07 01 1988 01 01 subhead only; with exogenous chemicals only; includes "dynamics","absorption", "distribution", "uptake"; on the extent & rate of metabolism; not for pharmacologic effects or pharmacologic action ( = /pharmacology); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.53; DF: /pharmacokin or /PK 88; used with Category D 1988 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PK or PK (SH) or SUBS APPLY PK; use /metabolism or /ME to search /pharmacokinetics 1966-87 Y07.070 Y08.040.060 M0030695 pharmacokinetics Used for the mechanism, dynamics and kinetics of exogenous chemical and drug absorption, biotransformation, distribution, release, transport, uptake and elimination as a function of dosage, extent and rate of metabolic processes. M0030695 M0030701 M0030695 M0030698 T061112 pharmacokinetics PK PHARMACOKIN M0030701 toxicokinetics M0030695 M0030701 T061118 toxicokinetics M0030698 tissue distribution M0030695 M0030698 T061115 tissue distribution Q000494 pharmacology 1973 12 27 2003 07 24 1966 01 01 subhead only; with exogenous chemicals only; includes "effect", "mechanism of action", "mode of action"; not for pharmacokinetics ( = /pharmacokinetics); see also /adverse effects, /poisoning & /toxicity; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.54; DF: /pharmacol or /PD 88; was /pharmacodynamics 1966-87; used with Category D 1966 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PD or PD (SH) or SUBS APPLY PD; use /pharmacology or /PD to search /pharmacodynamics back thru 1966 Y07 M0030702 pharmacology Used with drugs and exogenously administered chemical substances for their effects on living tissues and organisms. It includes acceleration and inhibition of physiological and biochemical processes and other pharmacologic mechanisms of action. M0030702 M0030704 M0030702 M0030703 T061119 pharmacology PD PHARMACOL T061121 mode of action T061120 mechanism of action M0030704 pharmacologic action M0030702 M0030704 T061123 pharmacologic action M0030703 pharmacodynamics M0030702 M0030703 T061122 pharmacodynamics Q000502 physiology 1973 12 27 2003 07 22 1966 01 01 subhead only; normal "function" only: for function in disease use /physiopathology; with endogenous chemicals only, for their physiologic role; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.55; DF: /physiol or /PH 66; used with Category A, B & G 1966; A, B, D & G 1967-69; A, B & D 1970-74; A, B, D & F1-2 1975-86; A, B, D, F1-2, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+ & PUERPERIUM+ 1987-89; A, B, D8, D11-13, D24, F2 & G4-1 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PH or PH (SH) or SUBS APPLY PH Y08 M0030706 physiology Used with organs, tissues, and cells of unicellular and multicellular organisms for normal function. It is used also with biochemical substances, endogenously produced, for their physiologic role. T061125 physiology PH PHYSIOL T061126 function Q000503 physiopathology 1973 12 27 2003 07 22 1966 01 01 subhead only; for function of organs in disease states only; not a synonym for "disease"; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.56; DF: /physiopathology or /PP 66; used with Category A, C & F 1966-74; A, C & F3 1975-87; A, C, F3 & SMOKING 1988; A, C, F3 & SMOKING+ 1989; A1-10, A13-16, C & F3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PP or PP (SH) or SUBS APPLY PP Y08.050 M0030707 physiopathology Used with organs and diseases for disordered function in disease states. T061127 physiopathology PP PHYSIOPATHOL T061129 pathophysiology T061128 dysfunction Q000506 poisoning 1973 12 27 2017 07 05 1966 01 01 subheading only; for clinical & veterinary only; for human & animal experiments use /toxicity; see also /adverse effects & /toxicity 66; used with Category D 1966-67; D & J 1968 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PO or PO (SH) or SUBS APPLY PO Y07.020.010 Y10.040 M0030708 poisoning Used with drugs, chemicals, and industrial materials for human or animal poisoning, acute or chronic, whether the poisoning is accidental, occupational, suicidal, by medication error, or by environmental exposure. M0030708 M0030709 T061130 poisoning PO POIS M0030709 poisonous effects M0030708 M0030709 T061131 poisonous effects Q000517 prevention & control 1973 12 27 2017 04 11 1996 01 01 subheading only; includes "preventive therapy"; includes vaccination; for prevention on epidemiologic or personal level; CATALOGER: may be subdivided geographically 66; used with Category C & F 1966-67; C, F & G 1968-74; C, F1, F3, G3 & I1 1975-89; C & F3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PC or PC (SH) or SUBS APPLY PC Y11.040 M0030715 prevention & control Used with disease headings for increasing human or animal resistance against disease (e.g., immunization), for control of transmission agents, for prevention and control of environmental hazards, or for prevention and control of social factors leading to disease. It includes preventive measures in individual cases. M0030715 M0030717 M0030715 M0030716 T061137 prevention & control PC PREVENTION A PREV T061140 prophylaxis T061139 preventive therapy T000912283 prevention and control 2016 11 29 T061138 preventive measures M0030717 prevention M0030715 M0030717 T061142 prevention M0030716 control M0030715 M0030716 T061141 control Q000523 psychology 1977 05 16 2003 07 24 1978 01 01 subhead only; includes "psychiatric", "psychosomatic", "psychogenic", "emotional", "affective", "behavioral"; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.59; DF: /psychol or /PX 78; used with Category C, E1-6 & F3 1978-79; C, E1-6, F3 & M 1980-86; C, E1-6, F3, M, AGING, ALCOHOL DRINKING, CLIMACTERIC+, FOOD HABITS, PREGNANCY+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING 1988; C, E1-6, F3, M, AGING, ALCOHOL DRINKING, CLIMACTERIC+, FOOD HABITS, HOMOSEXUALITY, PREGNANCY+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING+ 1989; B2, C, E1-6, F3, I3 & M 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/PX or PX (SH) or SUBS APPLY PX Y37 M0030719 psychology Used with non-psychiatric diseases, techniques, and named groups for psychologic, psychiatric, psychosomatic, psychosocial, behavioral, and emotional aspects, and with psychiatric disease for psychologic aspects; used also with animal terms for animal behavior and psychology. M0030719 M0030721 M0030719 M0030722 M0030719 M0030727 M0030719 M0030724 M0030719 M0030725 M0030719 M0030726 M0030719 M0030720 M0030719 M0030723 T061144 psychology PX PSYCHOL M0030721 cognitive aspects M0030719 M0030721 T061146 cognitive aspects M0030722 emotional aspects M0030719 M0030722 T061147 emotional aspects M0030727 psychosomatic aspects M0030719 M0030727 T061152 psychosomatic aspects M0030724 psychiatric aspects M0030719 M0030724 T061149 psychiatric aspects M0030725 psychogenic aspects M0030719 M0030725 T061150 psychogenic aspects M0030726 psychosocial aspects M0030719 M0030726 T061151 psychosocial aspects M0030720 affective aspects M0030719 M0030720 T061145 affective aspects M0030723 mental aspects M0030719 M0030723 T061148 mental aspects Q000528 radiation effects 1973 12 27 2003 07 22 1966 01 01 subhead only; includes ionizing & non-ionizing radiation; not for therapeutic effect of radiations ( = /radiotherapy); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.60; DF: /rad eff or /RE 66; used with Category A, B & G 1966-67; A, B, D & G 1968-74; A, B, D, F1-2, G4-12 & J 1975-84; A, B1, B3-6, D, F1-2, G4-12 & J 1985 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/RE or RE (SH) or SUBS APPLY RE Y39 M0030732 radiation effects Used for effects of ionizing and nonionizing radiation upon living organisms, organs and tissues, and their constituents, and upon physiologic processes. It includes the effect of irradiation on drugs and chemicals. T061157 radiation effects RE RAD EFF Q000532 radiotherapy 1973 12 27 2003 07 24 1966 01 01 subhead only; includes x-ray, radioisotope, other ionizing radiation & non-ionizing radiation; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.63; DF: /radiother or /RT 66; used with Category C & F 1966-74; C 1975 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/RT or RT (SH) or SUBS APPLY RT Y11.050 M0030735 radiotherapy Used with disease headings for the therapeutic use of ionizing and nonionizing radiation. It includes the use of radioisotope therapy. M0030735 M0030736 M0030735 M0030737 T061165 radiotherapy RT RADIOTHER T061166 radiation therapy M0030736 X-ray therapy M0030735 M0030736 T061167 X-ray therapy M0030737 radioisotope therapy M0030735 M0030737 T061168 radioisotope therapy Q000534 rehabilitation 1973 12 27 2003 07 22 1967 01 01 subhead only; for restoration of patient to pre-disease or pre-therapy state; for "re-education" in French; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.64; DF: /rehabil or /RH 67; used with Category C & F 1967-74; C & F3 1975-79; C, E4 & F3 1980-89; C1-21, C23, E4 & F3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/RH or RH (SH) or SUBS APPLY RH Y11.060 M0030738 rehabilitation Used with diseases and surgical procedures for restoration of function of the individual. T061169 rehabilitation RH REHABIL Q000556 secondary 1979 05 24 2003 07 22 1980 01 01 subhead only; for cancer only; use with organ/neopl precoords & with histol types; use with the secondary organ/neopl precoord & secondary histol type, but not for a primary cancer metastasizing to a secondary site ( = /pathology + NEOPLASM METASTASIS); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.65, 24.3.1; DF: /second or /SC 80; used with Category C4 1980 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/SC or SC (SH) or SUBS APPLY SC Y05.020.010 M0030758 secondary Used with neoplasms to indicate the secondary location to which the neoplastic process has metastasized. T061190 secondary SC SECOND T061191 metastatic Q000592 standards 1973 12 27 2003 07 24 1968 01 01 subhead only; for standards in testing & performance of programs & procedures; with drugs for standards in assay techniques, quality & potency; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.67; DF: /stand or /ST CATALOG: may be subdivided geographically 68; used with Category D, E, H-J, L & N 1968; D-F, H-J, L & N 1969-74; D, E, F4, G1-3, H-J, L & N 1975-89; D, E, F4, G1-2, I2-3, J & N2 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/ST or ST (SH) or SUBS APPLY ST Y06.040 M0030789 standards Used with facilities, personnel, and program headings for the development, testing, and application of standards of adequacy or acceptable performance and with chemicals and drugs for standards of identification, quality, and potency. It includes health or safety standards in industries and occupations. M0030789 M0030790 M0030789 M0030791 T061227 standards ST STAND M0030790 guidelines M0030789 M0030790 T061228 guidelines M0030791 criteria M0030789 M0030791 T061229 criteria Q000600 supply & distribution 1973 12 27 2017 04 11 1968 01 01 subheading only; includes "availability"; for personnel, services & facilities; for drugs; not for food ( = FOOD SUPPLY) nor for water ( = WATER SUPPLY); CATALOGER: may be subdivided geographically 68; used with Category D, E, L & N 1968-74; D, E, F4, H-J, L & N2-4 1975-87; D, E, F4, H-J, L & N 1988; D, E, F4, G1-3 & H-J 1989; D, E7, J & N2 1990 forward; M 1994 search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/SD or SD (SH) or SUBS APPLY SD Y06.050 Y09.020 M0030793 supply & distribution Used for the quantitative availability and distribution of material, equipment, health services, personnel, and facilities. It excludes food supply and water supply in industries and occupations. M0030793 M0030794 M0030793 M0030795 T061231 supply & distribution SD SUPPLY T000912277 supply and distribution 2016 11 29 M0030794 supply M0030793 M0030794 T061232 supply M0030795 distribution M0030793 M0030795 T061233 distribution Q000601 surgery 1973 12 27 2019 06 17 1966 01 01 subhead only; includes "operation", "surgical therapy"; for tissue section or coagulation by laser; not for transplantation ( = /transplantation); indexing policy: Manual 19.8.70; DF: /surg or /SU 66; used with Category A, C & F 1966-74; A, C & F3 1975; A, B2, C & F3 1976-89; A1-10, A13-14, A16, B2, C & F3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/SU or SU (SH) or SUBS APPLY SU Y11.070 M0030796 surgery Used for operative procedures on organs, regions, or tissues in the treatment of diseases, including tissue section by lasers. It excludes transplantation, for which "transplantation" is used. M0030796 M0030799 M0030796 M0030798 M0030796 M0030797 T061234 surgery SU SURG T061238 operative therapy T061237 invasive procedures T061235 operative procedures T061236 operations M0030799 perioperative procedures M0030796 M0030799 T061241 perioperative procedures M0030798 intraoperative procedures M0030796 M0030798 T061240 intraoperative procedures T061242 peroperative procedures M0030797 preoperative procedures M0030796 M0030797 T061239 preoperative procedures Q000627 therapeutic use 1973 12 27 2004 07 13 1966 01 01 subhead only; for treatment or preventive use of drugs or physical agents in clinical or experimental human or animal disease; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.71; DF: /ther use or /TU 66; used with Category D 1966; D & H 1967-89; D 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/TU or TU (SH) or SUBS APPLY TU Y10 M0030820 therapeutic use Used with drugs, biological preparations, and physical agents for their use in the prophylaxis and treatment of disease. It includes veterinary use. T061267 therapeutic use TU THER USE Q000628 therapy 1973 12 27 2003 07 22 1966 01 01 subhead only; for general or unspecified therapy & multiple therapies; for tissue therapy & therapy with biological products; not for drug therapy ( =/drug therapy), nor for diet therapy ( = /diet therapy), nor for surgical therapy ( = /surgery), nor for radiotherapy ( = /radiotherapy), nor for rehabilitative therapy ( = /rehabilitation); indexing policy: Manual 19.8.72; DF: /ther or /TH 66; used with Category C & F 1966-74; C & F3 1975-87; C, F3 & SMOKING 1988; C, F3 & SMOKING+ 1989; C & F3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/TH or TH (SH) or SUBS APPLY TH Y11 M0030821 therapy Used with diseases for therapeutic interventions except drug therapy, diet therapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, for which specific subheadings exist. The concept is also used for articles and books dealing with multiple therapies. T061268 therapy TH THER T061269 treatment T061270 disease management Q000633 toxicity 1973 12 27 2017 07 05 1966 01 01 subheading only; for experimental human & animal studies; includes margin of safety & experimental exposure to environmental agents; see also /adverse effects & /poisoning 66; used with Category D 1966-67; D & J 1968 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/TO or TO (SH) or SUBS APPLY TO Y07.020.020 M0030825 toxicity Used with drugs and chemicals for experimental human and animal studies of their ill effects. It includes studies to determine the margin of safety or the reactions accompanying administration at various dose levels. It is used also for exposure to environmental agents. Poisoning should be considered for life-threatening exposure to environmental agents. M0030825 M0030827 M0030825 M0030826 T061274 toxicity TO TOX M0030827 toxic potential M0030825 M0030827 T061276 toxic potential M0030826 margin of safety M0030825 M0030826 T061275 margin of safety Q000635 transmission 1974 10 23 2003 07 22 1975 01 01 subhead only; for transmission & mechanism of transmission of disease from man to man, from man to animal, from animal to man or animal to animal; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.74; DF: /transm or /TM 75; used with Category C 1975-89; C1-3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/TM or TM (SH) or SUBS APPLY TM Y05.090 M0030829 transmission Used with diseases for studies of the modes of transmission. T061278 transmission TM TRANSM Q000637 transplantation 1973 12 27 2003 07 24 1966 01 01 subhead only; includes "grafts" & "grafting" from one site to another in the same subject, from one to another of same species, from one to another of a different species; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.75; DF: /transpl or /TR 66; used with Category A 1966-89; A2-11, A13-16 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/TR or TR (SH) or SUBS APPLY TR Y11.070.010 M0030830 transplantation Used with organs, tissues, or cells for transplantation from one site to another within the same subject, or from one subject to another of the same species or different species. M0030830 M0030831 T061279 transplantation TR TRANSPL M0030831 grafting M0030830 M0030831 T061280 grafting T061281 grafts Q000639 trends 1977 05 16 2003 07 25 1978 01 01 subhead only; includes "forecasting" & "futurology"; for a continuum from past to present, present to future; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.76; DF: /trends or /TD CATALOG: may be subdivided geographically 78; used with Category F4, G1-3, I & N 1978-79; E, F4, G1-3, I & N 1980-86; E, F4, G1-3, I, L & N 1987; E, F4, G1-3, I, L, N & SMOKING 1988; E, F4, G1-3, I, L, N & SMOKING+ 1989; E, F4, G1-2, I2-3 & N2-4 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/TD or TD (SH) or SUBS APPLY TD Y06.060 M0030833 trends Used for the manner in which a subject changes, qualitatively or quantitatively, with time, whether past, present, or future. It excludes discussions of the course of disease in particular patients. M0030833 M0030835 M0030833 M0030834 T061283 trends TD TRENDS M0030835 futurology M0030833 M0030835 T061285 futurology M0030834 forecasting M0030833 M0030834 T061284 forecasting Q000648 ultrastructure 1974 10 23 2016 06 15 1975 01 01 subheading only; for normal or pathological subcellular structure 75; used with Category A & B 1975; A, B & C4 1976-77; A1-11, A13-16, B & C4 1978-86; A1-11, A13-16, B, C4, CALCULI+, DNA+ & RNA+ 1987-88; A1-11, A13-16, B1, B3-6, C4, CALCULI+, NUCLEIC ACIDS+ & PROTEINS+ 1989; A2-11, A13-16, B1, B3-6 & C4 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/UL or UL (SH) or SUBS APPLY UL Y02.020.020 M0030844 ultrastructure Used with tissues and cells (including neoplasms) and microorganisms for microanatomic structures, generally below the size visible by light microscopy. T061295 ultrastructure UL ULTRASTRUCT T061297 subcellular structure T061296 submicroscopic anatomy Q000652 urine 1973 12 27 2003 07 24 1967 01 01 subhead only; for "in urine" or "urine in" animals or diseases; includes the presence of cells & endogenous & exogenous chemical substances; not for the presence of microbes or parasites in the urine in disease ( = /microbiology or /parasitology); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.79; DF: /urine or /UR 67; used with Category C, D & F 1967-74; B2, C, D & F3 1975-86; B2, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+ & PUERPERIUM+ 1987; B2, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING 1988; B2, C, D, F3, AGING, CLIMACTERIC+, INFANT, NEWBORN+, PREGNANCY+, PREGNANCY, ANIMAL+, PUBERTY+, PUERPERIUM+ & SMOKING+ 1989; B2, C, D1-24 & F3 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/UR or UR (SH) or SUBS APPLY UR Y01.040 Y08.040.070 M0030848 urine Used for the presence or analysis of substances in the urine, and also for the examination of, or changes in, the urine in disease. M0030848 M0030850 M0030848 M0030849 T061301 urine UR URINE M0030850 urinary levels M0030848 M0030850 T061303 urinary levels M0030849 urinary aspects M0030848 M0030849 T061302 urinary aspects Q000662 veterinary 1973 12 27 2003 07 22 1966 01 01 subhead only; for pets & domestic, wild & zoo animals in veterinary medicine; for laboratory animals only if of concern to the veterinarian, not as experimental animals; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.81; DF: /vet or /VE 66; used with Category C 1966; C & E 1967-74; C1-21, C23 & E 1975-86; C1-21, C23, E, DISEASE OUTBREAKS & DISEASE RESERVOIRS 1987-89; C1-21, C23 & E 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/VE or VE (SH) or SUBS APPLY VE Y41 M0030860 veterinary Used for naturally occurring diseases in animals, or for diagnostic, preventive, or therapeutic procedures used in veterinary medicine. T061316 veterinary VE VET Q000706 statistics & numerical data 1988 06 02 2018 07 12 1989 01 01 subheading only; for statistics on non-disease headings only (statistics on diseases = /epidemiology); not for "statistics on supply & demand" ( = /supply & distribution) 89; used with Category E, F1-2, F4, G1-3 & H-N 1989; E, F4, G1-2, I, J, M & N2-4 1990 forward search policy: Online Manual; main heading/SN or SN (SH) or SUBS APPLY SN Y09 M0030890 statistics & numerical data Used with non-disease headings for the expression of numerical values that describe particular sets or groups of data. It includes level of use of equipment and supplies, facilities and services and procedures and techniques. It excludes supply or demand for which "supply & distribution" is used M0030890 M0030854 M0030890 M0030892 T061359 statistics & numerical data SN STATIST T000912282 statistics and numerical data 2016 11 29 M0030854 utilization Used with equipment, facilities, programs, services, and health personnel for discussions, usually with data, of how much they are used. It includes discussions of overuse and underuse. M0030890 M0030854 T061308 utilization UT UTIL T061309 use M0030892 numerical data M0030890 M0030892 T061361 numerical data Q000737 chemistry 1990 08 29 2003 07 24 1991 01 01 subhead only; includes "chemical structure", "chemical composition", "chemical properties" or "chemical characterization"; includes "chemical composition" or "chemical content" of organs & tissues, organisms & plants; not for chemical analysis or determination ( = /analysis) nor chemical synthesis or manufacture ( = /chemical synthesis) nor chemical isolation or purification ( = /isolation & purification); see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.15; DF: /chem or /CH 91; used with Category A2-16, C4 & D 1991; A2-16, B1, B3-6, C4 & D 1992 forward search policy: Online Manual; use main heading/CH or CH (SH) or SUBS APPLY CH Y03 M0030905 chemistry Used with chemicals, biological, and non-biological substances for their composition, structure, characterization, and properties; also used for the chemical composition or content of organs, tissue, tumors, body fluids, organisms, and plants. Excludes chemical analysis and determination of substances for which "analysis" is used; excludes synthesis for which "chemical synthesis" is used; excludes isolation and purification of substances for which "isolation & purification" is used. M0030905 M0030906 M0030905 M0030909 M0030905 M0030910 M0030905 M0030907 M0030905 M0030908 T061380 chemistry CH CHEM M0030906 chemical structure M0030905 M0030906 T061381 chemical structure M0030909 chemical content M0030905 M0030909 T061384 chemical content M0030910 chemical properties M0030905 M0030910 T061385 chemical properties M0030907 chemical characterization M0030905 M0030907 T061382 chemical characterization M0030908 chemical composition M0030905 M0030908 T061383 chemical composition Q000819 agonists 1994 06 01 2003 07 22 1995 01 01 subhead only; for exogenous & endogenous substances; do not confuse with /antagonists & inhibitors; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.4; DF: /agon or /AG 95; used with Category D 1995 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/AG or AG (SH) or SUBS APPLY AG Y03.010 Y07.030 M0030947 agonists Used with chemicals, drugs, and endogenous substances to indicate substances or agents that have affinity for a receptor and intrinsic activity at that receptor. (From Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p.16) T061435 agonists AG AGON Q000821 virology 1994 07 08 2003 07 24 1995 01 01 subhead only; see also /microbiology (for bacteria, rickettsia & fungi) & /parasitology; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; indexing policy: Manual 19.8.82; DF: /virol or VI 95; used with Category A, B1-3, B6, C & F3 1995 forward search policy: Online Manual; use: main heading/VI or VI (SH) or SUBS APPLY VI Y05.070.010 M0030948 virology Used with organs, animals, and higher plants and with diseases for virologic studies. For bacteria, rickettsia, and fungi, "microbiology" is used; for parasites, "parasitology" is used. M0030948 M0030949 T061436 virology VI VIROL M0030949 viruses M0030948 M0030949 T061437 viruses Q000941 ethics 2002 07 02 2004 07 13 2003 01 01 subhead only; see MeSH scope note in Introduction; DF: /eth or /ES 2003 Y25 M0421311 ethics Used with techniques and activities for discussion and analysis with respect to human and social values. M0421311 M0421312 T490705 ethics 2002 04 24 ES ETHICS M0421312 ethical aspects M0421311 M0421312 T490706 ethical aspects 2002 04 24