MH - 3C Viral Proteases UI - D000086042 MN - D8.811.277.656.262.500.108 MN - D8.811.277.656.979.250 MN - D12.776.964.900.500.500 MS - A class of cysteine proteases which play an essential role in VIRUS REPLICATION. They cleave precursor viral POLYPROTEINS to produce functional proteins and enzymes. HN - 2021 BX - 3C-like Viral Proteases BX - 3Cpro Proteinases MH - Actinomadura UI - D000082403 MN - B3.510.24.49.25 MS - A genus of gram-positive bacteria in the family Thermomonosporaceae, order ACTINOMYCETALES. It is a filamentous bacterium found in soil and is a causative agent for MADURA FOOT. HN - 2021 BX - Excellospora BX - Streptomycoides MH - ADP-Ribose 1''-Phosphate Phosphatases UI - D000086922 MN - D8.811.277.352.650.30 MS - Enzymes that are highly specific for hydrolysis of the D-ribose 1 phosphate bond of ADP-D-ribose 1''-phosphate to produce ADP-D-ribose and phosphate ion. HN - 2021 BX - ADP-Ribose 1''-Phosphate Phosphatase BX - Appr1p Phosphatase MH - Akkermansia UI - D000086102 MN - B3.440.930.500 MS - A genus of gram-negative, anaerobic bacteria in the phylum VERRUCOMICROBIA and the family Akkermansiaceae. This genus includes the species Akkermansia muciniphila which is known for residing in the human intestinal tract and having effects on human metabolism. HN - 2021 MH - Amblyomma UI - D000082762 MN - B1.50.500.131.166.132.832.400.100 MS - A genus of hardbacked TICKS, in the family IXODIDAE. It includes lone star tick and Gulf Coast tick in Americas. Amblyomma americanum is the primary vector of EHRLICHIA CHAFFEENSIS and EHRLICHIA EWINGII which cause EHRLICHIA. Other Amblyomma-associated diseases include TULAREMIA and RICKETTSIOSIS. HN - 2021 BX - Amblyomma americanum BX - Amblyomma maculatum BX - Amblyomma triguttatum BX - Amblyomma variegatum BX - Aponomma BX - Gulf Coast Tick BX - Lone Star Tick BX - Lone-Star Tick BX - Ornate Kangaroo Tick BX - Tropical Bont Tick MH - American Natives UI - D000086562 MN - M1.686.508.150.600.500 MS - Members of indigenous populations within the United States.with pre-colonial contact origins. . HN - Use INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN 1990-2021 BX - American Indians BX - Indians, American BX - Native Americans BX - Native Americans, Federally-recognized MH - Amycolatopsis UI - D000082502 MN - B3.510.24.49.75 MS - A genus of high GC content gram positive bacteria of the family Pseudonocardiaceae in the order Pseudonocardiales. It is known for producing the antibiotics epoxyquinomycin, VANCOMYCIN, and RISTOCETIN which are used in treating various infections. HN - 2021 MH - Analytic Hierarchy Process UI - D000083062 MN - E5.245.95 MN - L1.313.500.750.190.95 MS - A technique or tool used to analyze choices for complex decisions, by organizing them, for analysis, into a tree structure. HN - 2021 BX - Analytical Hierarchy Process MH - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 UI - D000085962 MN - D8.811.277.656.350.245.42 MS - A transmembrane glycoprotein with an extracellular catalytic domain which functions as a carboxypeptidase. It cleaves a single C-terminal residue from a distinct range of substrates. The catalytic efficiency is 400-fold higher with ANGIOTENSIN II as a substrate than with ANGIOTENSIN I. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is also is a functional receptor for the spike glycoprotein (SPIKE PROTEIN, CORONAVIRUS) of the CORONAVIRUSES SARS-COV, SARS-COV2, and HCOV-NL63. HN - 2021 (2000) BX - ACE-Related Carboxypeptidase BX - ACE2 Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Protein 2 BX - ACE2 Enzyme BX - ACE2 Protein BX - Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 BX - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-Related Carboxypeptidase MH - Anosmia UI - D000086582 MN - C10.597.751.600.500 MN - C23.888.592.763.550.500 MS - Complete or severe loss of the subjective sense of smell. Loss of smell may be caused by many factors such as cold, allergy, OLFACTORY NERVE DISEASES, viral RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS (e.g., COVID-19), aging and various neurological disorders (e.g., ALZHEIMER DISEASE). HN - 2021(1963) BX - Hyposmia BX - Loss of Smell MH - Aortic Valve Disease UI - D000082862 MN - C14.280.484.48 MS - Diseases involving the AORTIC VALVE functionality. Aortic valve disease often results in a backward and/or regurgitated blood flow into the LEFT VENTRICLE or a decreased blood flow from the heart. It includes congenital (e.g., bicuspid aortic valve), syndromic, and acquired (e.g., age-related, infection-associated) conditions. HN - 2021 BX - Aortic Heart Disease BX - Aortic Valve Disorder BX - Aortic Valvular Heart Disease BX - Aortic Valvular Heart Disorder MH - Aortico-Ventricular Tunnel UI - D000082903 MN - C14.240.400.118 MN - C14.280.400.118 MN - C16.131.240.400.118 MS - Congenital anomaly characterized by an extra-cardiac channel connecting the AORTA either to the right or left HEART VENTRICLE. HN - 2021 BX - Aortic-Left Ventricular Tunnel BX - Aortic-Right Ventricular Tunnel BX - Aortic-Ventricular Tunnel BX - Aortico-Left Ventricular Tunnel BX - Aortico-Right Ventricular Tunnel BX - Aorticoventricular Tunnel BX - Aorto-Left Ventricular Tunnel BX - Aorto-Right Ventricular Tunnel BX - Aorto-Ventricular Tunnel BX - Aortoventricular Tunnel MH - Aquifex UI - D000086142 MN - B3.440.25 MS - A thermophilic, gram-negative genus of bacteria in the phylum Aquificae and the family Aquificaceae. Rod-shaped and non-spore forming, this genus is known to grow near underwater volcanoes or hot springs. HN - 2021 MH - Aureobasidium UI - D000084644 MN - B1.300.107.160 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Saccotheciaceae, order Dothideales, and phylum ASCOMYCOTA. Aureobasidium fungi are cosmopolitan and form black hyphae when colony is aged. Aureobasidium pullulans is best known and is one of the causative agents of PHAEHYPHOMYCOSIS. HN - 2021 MH - Auricularia UI - D000084822 MN - B1.300.179.105 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Auriculariaceae, order Auriculariales and phylum BASIDIOMYCOTA. Auricularia fungi are basidiomycetes which are gelatinous, ear-shaped mushrooms in decaying wood. HN - 2021 MH - Automated Facial Recognition UI - D000086762 MN - E5.318.740.225.500.250 MN - N4.452.910.99.250 MS - Electronic identification of a human based on attributes of the face. AN - FACIAL RECOGNITION is also available HN - 2021; use BIOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION 2009-2020 BX - Automated Facial Identity Recognition BX - Facial Approximation BX - Facial Recognition Technology BX - Facial Recognition, Automated FX - Facial Recognition MH - Autosomal Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy UI - D000083144 MN - C5.651.534.500.350.250 MN - C10.668.491.175.500.350.250 MN - C16.320.488.500 MN - C16.320.577.350.250 MS - Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy associated with mutations on LAMINS (LMNA gene). HN - 2021 MH - Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins UI - D000083722 MN - D23.946.123.90 MS - Endotoxins produced by BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS used in transgenic plants and insecticides. When eaten by a susceptible insect they are protease activated in the insect midgut resulting in death from bacterial septicemia. HN - 2021 BX - B thuringiensis Toxins BX - B. thuringiensis Toxins BX - Bt Toxin BX - Bt Toxins MH - Bacterial Zoonoses UI - D000086966 MN - C1.150.252.162 MN - C1.973.250 MN - C22.969.250 MS - Bacterial infections that may be transmitted between non-human animals and HUMANS. AN - not a routine coordinate for every zoonotic bacterial infection; index only when discussed; coordinate with specific infection term and with animal disease term if pertinent HN - 2021 BX - Bacterial Zoonosis BX - Bacterial Zoonotic Diseases BX - Bacterial Zoonotic Infections BX - Zoonotic Bacterial Diseases BX - Zoonotic Bacterial Infections BX - Zoonotic Spillover, Bacterial MH - Bacteriophage Receptors UI - D000085082 MN - D12.776.97.120.712 MN - D12.776.543.100.650 MN - D12.776.543.750.830.62 MS - Receptors on the bacterial cell surface which are recognized by BACTERIOPHAGES. AN - do not confuse with PHAGE ATTACHMENT SITES see ATTACHMENT SITES, MICROBIOLOGICAL HN - 2021; use RECEPTORS,VIRUS 1979-2020 BX - Phage Receptor BX - Phage Receptors FX - Receptors, Virus MH - Batrachochytrium UI - D000084662 MN - B1.300.283.500 MS - A genus of fungi in the order Rhizophydiales, class Chytridiomycetes and phylum CHYTRIDIOMYCOTA. Batrachochytrium fungi are chytrid fungi found in aquatic habitats. Many are parasitic including Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis which is causative agent for chytrid disease in aquatic invertebrates. HN - 2021; for BATRACHOCHYTRIUM DENDROBATIDIS use CHYTRIDIOMYCOTA (2013-2020) MH - Betrayal UI - D000081722 MN - F1.829.401.23 MS - Act of violation of trust or confidence of a moral standard, etc. HN - 2021 MH - Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease UI - D000082882 MN - C14.240.400.186 MN - C14.280.400.186 MN - C14.280.484.48.875 MN - C16.131.240.400.186 MS - Congenital heart valve defects where the AORTIC VALVE has two instead of normal three cusps. It is often associated with AORTIC REGURGITATION and AORTIC INSUFFICIENCY. HN - 2021; use under HEART VALVE DISEASES and AORTIC VALVE/ab 2014-2020 MH - Bipolaris UI - D000084727 MN - B1.300.107.200 MN - B1.300.381.114 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Pleosporaceae, order Pleosporales and phylum ASCOMYCOTA. Bipolaris fungi are ascomycetes and plant pathogens, mostly on POACEAE and some monocot crops. They are also causative agent for PHAEOHYPHOMYCOSIS and were formerly a part of Bipolaris, Cochliobolus and CURVULARIA complex. AN - infection: coordinate with MYCOSES or PHAEOHYPHOMYCOSIS if pertinent HN - 2021 MH - Blood-Borne Infections UI - D000086982 MN - C1.221.250 MN - C23.550.291.531.500 MS - Diseases due to or propagated by body fluids from hosts whose BLOOD has been contaminated with pathogens. AN - general or unspecified; prefer specifics; add as a coordinate with other infection terms when the infection is discussed as blood-borne by the author HN - 2021 BX - Blood Borne Diseases BX - Blood Borne Infections FX - Blood-Borne Pathogens MH - Brain Cortical Thickness UI - D000082642 MN - E1.370.350.578.375 MN - E1.370.376.537.250 MN - E5.629.375 MS - The thickness of the CEREBRAL CORTEX often detected automatically from medical imaging. Abnormal changes in cortical thickness (e.g., CORTICAL THINNING) are potential biomarkers for various neuropathologies. HN - 2021 BX - Cerebral Cortex Thickness BX - Grey Matter Thickness FX - Cerebral Cortical Thinning MH - Caldicellulosiruptor UI - D000082623 MN - B3.353.563 MS - A genus of thermophilic, anaerobic, gram-positive, and non-spore forming bacteria in the order Thermoanaerobacterales and phylum FIRMICUTES. It is known for fermenting CELLULOSE and hemicellulose from plants and for its role in producing BIOFUELS. HN - 2021 MH - Calliphoridae UI - D000086542 MN - B1.50.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.155 MS - A family of the superfamily Oestroidea in the order Diptera. Several species are major livestock pests causing MYIASIS by parasitic maggots. AN - for killing Calliphoridae with insecticides, see note at INSECTICIDES; infestation by maggots = MYIASIS HN - 2021 BX - Blow-Flies BX - Blowflies MH - Cardiac Papillary Fibroelastoma UI - D000084122 MN - C4.588.894.309.250 MN - C14.280.459.250 MS - Primary tumors, predominantly of the CARDIAC VALVES, characterized by multiple papillary frond structures. Although histologically benign, they may result in complications (e.g., valve dysfunction, EMBOLISM; STROKE; and SUDDEN DEATH). HN - 2021 BX - Papillary Fibroelastoma MH - Cardiometabolic Risk Factors UI - D000083202 MN - E5.318.740.600.800.725.500.500 MN - N5.715.350.200.700.500.500 MN - N5.715.360.750.625.700.700.500.500 MN - N6.850.490.625.750.500.500 MN - N6.850.520.830.600.800.725.500.500 MS - A cluster of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, inborn or inherited conditions and characteristics, which, on the basis of epidemiological evidence, is known to be associated with CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. HN - 2021 FX - Metabolic Syndrome MH - Caregiver Burden UI - D000084802 MN - F1.145.126.990.551 MS - The stresses or associated emotional responses experienced by CAREGIVERS when caring for the mentally or physically disabled. HN - 2021 BX - Care Giving Burden FX - Caregivers MH - Carnivorous Plant UI - D000086523 MN - B1.650.80 MS - Plants adapted to trap and kill insects and other non-plant organisms, deriving nutrients from trapped organisms. HN - 2021 BX - Insectivorous Plants MH - Cell Competition UI - D000084502 MN - G4.33 MS - A cellular process that selectively eliminates cells with mutations from further development through short-range cell-cell interaction. HN - 2021 BX - Cell-Cell Competition BX - Tumor Suppressive Cell Competition MH - Ceratocystis UI - D000084843 MN - B1.300.107.210 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Ceratocystidaceae, order Microascales, and phylum ASCOMYCOTA. Ceratocystis fungi are ascomycetes and causative agents for plant fungal diseases such as root rot. HN - 2021 MH - Cercospora UI - D000084823 MN - B1.300.107.220 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Mycosphaerellaceae, order Capnodiales and phylum ASCOMYCOTA. Cercospora fungi are ascomycete and causative agents for plant fungal diseases such as leaf spots. Cercospora species produce the phytotoxin cercosporin and have no known sexual stage. HN - 2021 MH - Cerebral Cortical Thinning UI - D000082643 MN - C10.597.210 MN - C23.300.220 MN - C23.888.592.206 MS - Decrease in CEREBRAL CORTICAL THICKNESS. HN - 2021 BX - Cortical Thinning FX - Brain Cortical Thickness MH - Chain of Infection UI - D000086003 MN - N6.850.520.203 MS - A sequence of infection transmission from infectious agent leaving DISEASE RESERVOIR or host through a portal of exit, conveyed by some mode of transmission, and entering through a portal of entry to infect a susceptible host. HN - 2021 MH - Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment UI - D000084202 MN - C25.100.429 MN - F3.615.250.700.250 MS - The diminished or impaired mental and/or intellectual function associated with the chemical treatment of cancer. HN - 2021 BX - Chemo-Fog BX - Chemobrain BX - Chemotherapy-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction BX - Chemotherapy-Induced Cognitive Impairment BX - Chemotherapy-Induced Cognitive Impairments BX - Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Dysfunction MH - Chilopoda UI - D000083802 MN - B1.50.500.131.266 MS - Class of Arthropoda in the subphylum Myriapoda which comprises centipedes and millipedes. Chilopoda or centipedes are characterized by long multi-segmented bodies with each segment with a pair of legs. Most centipedes are predatory and venomous. While centipede bites typically only cause pain, irritation and allergic reactions they sometimes cause acute HYPERTENSION and MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA. HN - 2021 BX - Centipedes BX - Geophilids BX - Geophilomorpha BX - Scolopendra BX - Scolopendrid Centipedes BX - Scolopendrids MH - Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome UI - D000083182 MN - C5.651.180.180 MN - C14.907.303.180 MS - Compartment syndrome characterized by pain in muscle groups with elevated compartment pressures due most often exercise training in athletes. Most often encountered chronic exertional compartment syndrome is in the anterior or deep posterior compartments of the lower leg in athletes in training similar to POPLITEAL ARTERY ENTRAPMENT SYNDROME. HN - 2021 MH - Clavibacter UI - D000086162 MN - B3.510.24.232 MN - B3.510.460.400.400.49.663 MS - A genus of high GC content, Gram-positive aerobic bacteria in the family Microbacteriaceae and phylum ACTINOBACTERIA. This genus contains some phytopathogenic coryneform (club-shaped) bacteria causing stunting diseases in plants. HN - 2021 MH - Clinical Reasoning UI - D000086723 MN - E1.55.500 MS - Process by which clinicians collect signs and process information to understand the patient's medical situation or problem, and then plan and implement appropriate medical interventions. HN - 2021 BX - Clinical Judgement MH - Clonal Hematopoiesis UI - D000082182 MN - G4.152.825.207 MN - G4.375.500 MN - G5.158.500 MN - G9.188.343.207 MS - Expansion of blood cells arising from mutant HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS often related to aging. Mutations on epigenetic regulator genes are common in clonal hematopoiesis and may be a risk factor for HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS and other cardiovascular diseases. When variant allele fraction is at least 2% and is present in the absence of severe cytopenias it is referred to as clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP). HN - 2021 BX - Age-related Clonal Hematopoiesis BX - ARCH Age-related Clonal Hematopoiesis BX - CCUS Clonal Cytopenia of Undetermined Significance BX - CHIP Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential BX - Clonal Cytopenia of Undetermined Significance BX - Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential BX - ICUS Idiopathic Cytopenias of Undetermined Significance BX - Idiopathic Cytopenias of Undetermined Significance MH - Clostridioides UI - D000082682 MN - B3.353.625.657 MS - A genus of anaerobic, gram-positive bacteria in the family Peptostreptococcacea and the order CLOSTRIDIALES. It is a known cause of DIARRHEA in its most common form Clostridioides difficile, which used to be known as CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE. HN - 2021 MH - Colitis-Associated Neoplasms UI - D000083023 MN - C4.588.274.476.411.307.180.400 MN - C6.301.371.411.307.180.400 MN - C6.405.249.411.307.180.400 MN - C6.405.469.158.356.180.400 MN - C6.405.469.491.307.180.400 MS - Colonic neoplasms associated with chronic inflammation conditions such as ULCERATIVE COLITIS and CROHN DISEASE. HN - 2021 BX - Colitis-Associated Cancer BX - Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer BX - Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer MH - Compulsive Exercise UI - D000082262 MN - F1.145.527.100.120.250 MN - I3.350.62 MS - Obsessive, excessive unhealthy levels of activity performed on a regular basis that overrides social activities and basic responsibilities and leads to anxiety when circumstances prevent exercise, HN - 2021 MH - Coronavirus 3C Proteases UI - D000086782 MN - D8.811.277.656.262.500.108.500 MN - D8.811.277.656.979.250.500 MN - D12.776.964.900.500.500.500 MS - 3C proteases that occur in species of CORONAVIRIDAE. HN - 2021 BX - 3C Proteases, Coronavirus BX - 3C-Like Proteinase, Coronavirus BX - Chymotrypsin-Like Main Protease, Coronavirus BX - Coronavirus 3C Proteinases BX - Coronavirus 3CLpro Proteases BX - Coronavirus 3CLpro Proteinase BX - M(pro) Protein, Coronavirus BX - Main Proteinase, Coronavirus BX - Mpro Protein, Coronavirus MH - Coronavirus Envelope Proteins UI - D000086968 MN - D12.776.964.970.880.163 MS - Membrane proteins in the VIRAL ENVELOPE of CORONAVIRUSES. HN - 2021 BX - Coronavirus Envelope Glycoproteins MH - Coronavirus M Proteins UI - D000086862 MN - D12.776.964.970.880.940.500 MS - Viral matrix proteins found in species of CORONAVIRIDAE. HN - 2021 BX - Coronavirus M Protein BX - Coronavirus Membrane Proteins BX - M Protein, Coronavirus MH - Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins UI - D000086462 MN - D12.776.964.970.600.700 MS - Nucleocapsid proteins from species of the CORONAVIRIDAE virus family. HN - 2021 BX - N Protein, Coronavirus BX - Nucleocapsid Protein, Coronavirus MH - Coronavirus Papain-Like Proteases UI - D000086882 MN - D8.811.277.656.262.500.896.500 MN - D8.811.277.656.979.750.500 MN - D12.776.964.900.500.750.500 MS - Papain-like proteases the occur in species of CORONAVIRIDAE. Some species have more than one gene. HN - 2021 BX - Papain-Like Protease, Coronavirus BX - Papain-Like Proteinase 1, Coronavirus BX - Papain-Like Proteinase 2, Coronavirus BX - Papain-Like Proteinase 3, Coronavirus BX - PLP-1 Protein, Coronavirus BX - PLP-2 Protein, Coronavirus BX - PLP-3 Protein, Coronavirus MH - Coronavirus Protease Inhibitors UI - D000085683 MN - D27.505.519.389.745.900.250 MS - Protease inhibitors that specifically inhibit one or more of the proteases that are produced by CORONAVIRUSES. HN - 2021 MH - Coronavirus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase UI - D000086422 MN - D8.811.913.696.445.735.780.500 MN - D12.776.964.900.750.250 MS - RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases found in species of CORONAVIRIDAE. HN - 2021 BX - Coronavirus RNA Polymerase BX - CoV RdRp Protein BX - RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase, Coronavirus BX - RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases, Coronavirus MH - Correctional Facilities UI - D000081682 MN - J3.220 MS - Places for the confinement of persons in lawful detention, including both persons awaiting trial under local jurisdiction and those persons convicted of crimes. AN - specify geographic location if pertinent HN - 2021 BX - Correctional Institutions BX - Penal Institutions MH - COVID-19 UI - D000086382 MN - C1.748.214 MN - C1.748.610.763.500 MN - C1.925.705.500 MN - C1.925.782.600.550.200.163 MN - C8.381.677.807.500 MN - C8.730.214 MN - C8.730.610.763.500 MS - A viral disorder generally characterized by high FEVER; COUGH; DYSPNEA; CHILLS; PERSISTENT TREMOR; MUSCLE PAIN; HEADACHE; SORE THROAT; a new loss of taste and/or smell (see AGEUSIA and ANOSMIA) and other symptoms of a VIRAL PNEUMONIA. In severe cases, a myriad of coagulopathies often correlating with COVID-19 severity is seen (e.g., BLOOD COAGULATION; THROMBOSIS; ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME; SEIZURES; HEART ATTACK; STROKE; multiple CEREBRAL INFARCTIONS; KIDNEY FAILURE; catastrophic ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY SYNDROME and/or DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION). In younger patients, rare inflammatory syndromes are sometimes associated with COVID-19 (e.g., atypical KAWASAKI SYNDROME; TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME; pediatric multisystem inflammatory disease; and CYTOKINE STORM SYNDROME). A coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in the genus BETACORONAVIRUS is the causative agent. HN - 2021(2020) BX - 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease BX - 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infection BX - 2019-nCoV Disease BX - 2019-nCoV Infection BX - Coronavirus Disease 2019 BX - Coronavirus Disease-19 BX - COVID-19 Pandemic BX - COVID-19 Pandemics BX - COVID-19 Virus Disease BX - COVID-19 Virus Infection BX - SARS Coronavirus 2 Infection BX - SARS-CoV-2 Infection MH - COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing UI - D000087123 MN - E1.370.225.312.500 MN - E5.200.312.500 MS - Diagnosis of COVID-19 by assaying bodily fluids or tissues for the presence of the VIRAL RNA of SARS-COV-2. HN - 2021 BX - COVID-19 RT-PCR Testing BX - COVID19 Nucleic Acid Testing BX - SARS Coronavirus 2 Nucleic Acid Testing BX - SARS Coronavirus 2 RT-PCR Testing BX - SARS-CoV-2 Infection Nucleic Acid Testing BX - SARS-CoV2 RT-PCR Testing MH - COVID-19 Serological Testing UI - D000087124 MN - E1.370.225.312.250 MN - E1.370.225.812.735.258 MN - E5.200.312.250 MN - E5.200.812.735.258 MN - E5.478.594.760.258 MS - Diagnosis of COVID-19 by assaying bodily fluids or tissues for the presence antibodies specific to SARS-COV-2 or its antigens. HN - 2021 BX - COVID-19 Antibody Testing BX - COVID-19 Serodiagnosis BX - COVID19 Antibody Testing BX - COVID19 Serodiagnosis BX - COVID19 Serological Testing BX - SARS-COV-2 Antigen Testing BX - SARS-CoV-2 Infection Antibody Testing BX - SARS-CoV-2 Infection Serological Testing BX - Serology Testing for COVID-19 MH - COVID-19 Testing UI - D000086742 MN - E1.370.225.312 MN - E5.200.312 MS - Diagnosis of COVID-19 by assaying bodily fluids or tissues for the presence of COVID-19 antibodies, SARS-COV-2 antigens or the VIRAL RNA of SARS-COV-2. HN - 2021 BX - 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease Testing BX - 2019 Novel Coronavirus Testing BX - 2019-nCoV Disease Testing BX - 2019-nCoV Infection Testing BX - 2019-nCoV Testing BX - Coronavirus Disease 2019 Testing BX - Coronavirus Disease-19 Testing BX - COVID-19 Diagnostic Testing BX - COVID-19 Virus Testing BX - COVID19 Testing BX - COVID19 Virus Testing BX - SARS Coronavirus 2 Testing BX - SARS-CoV-2 Testing BX - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Testing MH - COVID-19 Vaccines UI - D000086663 MN - D20.215.894.899.85 MS - Vaccines or candidate vaccines containing SARS-CoV2 component antigens, genetic materials, or inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus, and designed to prevent or treat COVID-19. HN - 2021 BX - 2019 Novel Coronavirus Vaccine BX - 2019 Novel Coronavirus Vaccines BX - 2019-nCoV Vaccine BX - 2019-nCoV Vaccines BX - Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine BX - Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccines BX - Coronavirus Disease 2019 Virus Vaccine BX - Coronavirus Disease 2019 Virus Vaccines BX - Coronavirus Disease-19 Vaccine BX - Coronavirus Disease-19 Vaccines BX - COVID 19 Vaccine BX - COVID-19 Vaccine BX - COVID-19 Virus Vaccine BX - COVID-19 Virus Vaccines BX - COVID19 Vaccine BX - COVID19 Vaccines BX - COVID19 Virus Vaccine BX - COVID19 Virus Vaccines BX - SARS Coronavirus 2 Vaccines BX - SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine BX - SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines BX - SARS2 Vaccine BX - SARS2 Vaccines MH - Crassulacean Acid Metabolism UI - D000081962 MN - G2.111.158.937.350 MN - G2.111.669.700.350 MN - G2.740.921.500 MN - G3.191.937.350 MN - G3.493.700.500 MN - G3.800.700.350 MN - G15.568.500 MS - A water-saving mode of photosynthesis whereby CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) taken up during the nocturnal opening of stomata (STOMATA, PLANT) is fixed to produce malate, which is accumulated in VACUOLES overnight as malic acid and subsequently decarboxylated during the day with the resulting CO2 produced being re-fixed by RUBISCO and re-assimilated through the REDUCTIVE PENTOSE PHOSPHATE CYCLE. CAM photosynthesis is found mostly in plants in arid areas, but it is also found in aquatic plants and orchids. HN - 2021 BX - CAM Photosynthesis BX - Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Photosynthesis MH - Curvularia UI - D000084702 MN - B1.300.107.240 MN - B1.300.381.279 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Pleosporaceae, order Pleosporales and phylum ASCOMYCOTA. Curvularia fungi are plant pathogens, mostly on grasses (POACEAE) and were formerly a part of Bipolaris, Cochliobolus and Curvularia complex. HN - 2021 MH - Default Mode Network UI - D000082702 MN - A8.612.300 MS - Brain regions which are functionally-connected that are active during resting state and deactivated when engaged in task- or attention-oriented behavioral activities as seen in cognitive imaging studies often with fMRI. HN - 2021 BX - Default-Mode Network MH - Dehalococcoides UI - D000082942 MN - B3.275.575 MS - A genus of organohalide-respiring bacteria in the class Dehalococcoidia and phylum CHLOROFLEXI. It can dehalogenate toxic compounds such as TETRACHLOROETHENE into less harmful chemical forms. HN - 2021 MH - Deltacoronavirus UI - D000085686 MN - B4.820.578.500.540.150.257 MS - A genus of Coronavirus that occurs primarily in BIRDS and PIGS. AN - infection: coordinate with CORONAVIRUS INFECTIONS HN - 2021: use CORONAVIRUS 2016-2020 BX - Deltacoronaviruses MH - Dentist's Role UI - D000081723 MN - F1.829.316.616.625.225 MS - The expected function of a member of the dental profession. HN - 2021 BX - Dentists' Role BX - Role of Dentists MH - Deportation UI - D000085182 MN - I1.880.604.583.133 MS - Removal of a foreign national from a country. HN - 2021 MH - Dermatophilus UI - D000086182 MN - B3.510.24.288 MN - B3.510.460.400.400.49.719 MS - A genus of high GC content, Gram-positive, aerobic bacteria in the family Dermatophilaceae and phylum ACTINOBACTERIA. Type species Dermatophilus congolensis is a known causative agent for dermatophilosis in humans and animals. AN - infection = dermatophilosis HN - 2021 BX - Dermatophylus MH - Developmental Disability Nursing UI - D000084882 MN - H2.478.676.188 MN - N2.421.533.175 MS - Providing care for special needs patients with intellectual or other developmental needs. HN - 2021 MH - Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip UI - D000082602 MN - C5.550.518.384.500 MN - C5.660.297 MN - C16.131.621.297 MS - Dislocation of the HIP JOINT from an abnormal FEMORAL HEAD to the ACETABULUM relationship. It is most often due to ligamentous laxity, abnormal positioning of the joint and various other developmental, congenital factors, and method of delivery (e.g., OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS). When dislocation is diagnosed in neonates it is referred to as CONGENITAL HIP DYSPLASIA. HN - 2021 BX - Developmental Hip Dislocation BX - Developmental Hip Dysplasia BX - Hip Dislocation, Developmental MH - Diagnostic Reference Levels UI - D000082162 MN - E5.799.513.250 MN - E5.978.808.125 MN - N6.850.810.250.90 MS - Radiological values used as guides to indicate whether the radiation dosage or amount of radiopharmaceutical being given to a patient is unusually high or unusually low for the specific medical imaging procedure. HN - 2021 MH - Dickeya UI - D000083042 MN - B3.660.250.139 MS - A genus of gram-negative bacteria in the family Pectobacteriaceae and the order Enterobacterales. Species of this genus are known phytopathogens that cause various diseases in plants such as POTATOES. It is closely related to PECTOBACTERIUM CHRYSANTHEMI. HN - 2021 MH - Digital Technology UI - D000082222 MN - H1.671.293.239 MN - J1.897.160 MS - The design and development of devices and procedures that collect, store, analyze, manipulate, and display numerically encoded information, usually via processes encoded in the binary number system. HN - 2021 BX - Digital Electronics FX - Analog-Digital Conversion MH - Disease Hotspot UI - D000086822 MN - N6.850.290.100 MS - Areas of increased disease risk, prevalence, incidence or higher efficiency of transmission. HN - 2021 BX - Burden Hotspot BX - Disease Clusters BX - Disease Hot Spot BX - Disease Hotspot Burden BX - Spatial Cluster, Disease BX - Transmission Hotspot MH - Double Stranded RNA Viruses UI - D000086122 MN - B4.820.223 MS - RNA viruses that have their genetic material encoded in the form of double-stranded RNA. HN - 2021 BX - dsRNA Viruses MH - Drug Elimination Routes UI - D000084342 MN - G3.787.297 MN - G7.690.725.297 MS - Various processes through which administered drugs are discharged from the body. AN - general or unspecified; prefer specifics; coordinate with specific drug /pharmacokin HN - 2021 BX - Drug Clearance BX - Drug Clearance Routes BX - Drug Elimination BX - Drug Excretion BX - Drug Excretion Routes MH - Drug Tapering UI - D000084862 MN - E2.319.309 MS - Gradual discontinuation or reduction of a therapeutic dose of a particular drug over a period of time. HN - 2021 BX - Dose Reduction BX - Dose Tapering MH - Economic Factors UI - D000083684 MN - I1.880.853.996.134 MS - Measures of available financial and material resources. HN - 2021 MH - Elevated Plus Maze Test UI - D000082564 MN - F2.463.425.874.500.500 MS - A maze test in which an animal is placed on the center of elevated platform and is allowed to choose one of four arms configured like a plus sign. Animals are inherently wary of open elevated areas and tend to avoid the open arms. HN - 2021 BX - Elevated Plus Maze BX - Elevated Plus Maze Learning BX - Elevated Plus Maze Procedure BX - Elevated Plus-Maze MH - Embolic Stroke UI - D000083262 MN - C10.228.140.300.775.400.375 MN - C14.907.253.855.400.375 MS - An ischemic stroke due to a blood clot, emboli or other types of blockage which forms somewhere other than the brain and subsequently travels near and restricts blood flow to the brain. Most often the origin of the clot is from the heart and is referred to as cardioembolic stroke. HN - 2021 BX - Cardio-embolic Stroke BX - Cardioembolic Stroke MH - Emotional Abuse UI - D000085202 MN - I1.880.735.305 MS - Nonphysical abuse as defined as a pattern of behavior in which one person deliberately and repeatedly subjects another to nonphysical acts that are detrimental to behavioral and affective functioning and overall mental well-being. (APA Dictionary of Psychology, accessed 4/21/2020), HN - 2021 BX - Psychological Abuse MH - Erysiphe UI - D000084745 MN - B1.300.107.280 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Erysiphaceae, class Leotiomycetes and phylum ASCOMYCOTA. Erysiphe fungi are plant pathogens associated with powdery mildew. HN - 2021 MH - Exiguobacterium UI - D000086183 MN - B3.353.500.100.309 MS - A genus of gram-negative bacteria in the phylum FIRMICUTES and the order BACILLALES. This genus is known for its ability to survive in a wide range of temperatures and plays a role in the diet of the MEALWORM. HN - 2021 MH - Eye-Tracking Technology UI - D000084542 MN - E1.370.380.230.642 MN - E1.370.405.245.787.642 MS - Techniques used for EYE MOVEMENT MEASUREMENTS, which capture and measure a person’s EYE MOVEMENT and/or EYE GAZE. HN - 2021 BX - Eye Movement Data Analysis BX - Eye-Tracking BX - Eye-Tracking System BX - Eyetracking System BX - Eyetracking Technology BX - Gaze-Tracking BX - Gaze-Tracking System BX - Gaze-Tracking Technology BX - Gazetracking System MH - Financial Stress UI - D000086522 MN - F1.145.126.990.643 MS - In medicine, a term used to describe problems a patient has related to the cost of medical care. Not having health insurance or having a lot of costs for medical care not covered by health insurance can cause financial problems and may lead to debt and bankruptcy. Financial stress can also affect a patient’s quality of life and access to medical care. For example, a patient may not take a prescription medicine or may avoid going to the doctor to save money. Cancer patients are more likely to have financial stress than people without cancer. Also called economic burden, economic hardship, financial burden, financial distress, financial hardship, and financial toxicity. (https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/financial-stress) HN - 2021 BX - Financial Challenges BX - Financial Hardship BX - Financial Pressures MH - Fonsecaea UI - D000084825 MN - B1.300.107.411 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Herpotrichiellaceae, order Chaetothyriales, and phylum ASCOMYCOTA. Fonsecaea fungi are ascomycetes sometimes associated with CHROMOBLASTOMYCOSIS. HN - 2021 MH - Food Deserts UI - D000085584 MN - J1.576.423.750.594 MN - J2.750.500 MS - Areas characterized by relatively poor access to healthy and affordable food. HN - 2021 MH - Food Insecurity UI - D000084884 MN - J1.576.423.750.688 MS - Limited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods or limited or uncertain ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways. HN - 2021 MH - Food Security UI - D000082302 MN - J1.576.423.750.875 MS - Access generally by all in a community to enough nutritious food for an active, healthy life. (from http://www.fns.usda.gov/fsec/ accessed 4/22/2011) HN - 2021; use FOOD SUPPLY (2012-2020) MH - Freedom of Movement UI - D000081902 MN - I1.880.604.473.682 MS - The right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each state or nation. The right to leave any country and to return as provided in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Section 13, 1948. HN - 2021 BX - Right to Freedom of Movement MH - Freedom of Religion UI - D000081882 MN - I1.880.604.473.515 MS - The right to practice, worship, observe, and teach one's beliefs without external without external constraints. HN - 2021 BX - Freedom of Worship BX - Religious Freedom BX - Religious Liberty BX - Religious Library MH - Functional Status UI - D000085542 MN - N2.421.784.110.500 MN - N6.850.505.400.425.175 MS - Ability regarding basic physical and cognitive activities such as walking or reaching, focusing attention, and communicating, as well as the routine activities of daily living, including eating, bathing, dressing, transferring, and toileting; and life situations such as school or play for children and, for adults, work outside the home or maintaining a household. (from https://www.ncvhs.hhs.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/010617rp.pdf) HN - 2021 BX - Functional Dependence BX - Functional Independence MH - Fungal Genus Humicola UI - D000084642 MN - B1.300.107.800.390 MS - A genus of ascomycetous fungi of the family Chaetomiaceae, order SORDARIALES, and phylum ASCOMYCOTA. Humicola fungi develop lateral CONIDIA and form minimally developed or no conidiophores. HN - 2021 BX - Fungus Humicola BX - Genus Humicola MH - Fungal Genus Venturia UI - D000084828 MN - B1.300.107.456 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Venturiaceae, order Venturiales, and phylum ASCOMYCOTA. Venturia fungi are ascomycetes and causative agents for plant fungal diseases such as apple scab caused by Venturia inaequalis. HN - 2021 BX - Fungus Venturia MH - Gender Equity UI - D000084803 MN - F1.145.813.550.312 MN - I1.880.302 MS - Fairness of treatment for men and women according to their respective needs. This may include equal treatment or treatment that is different but which is considered equivalent in terms of rights, benefits, obligations, and opportunities. [United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization] HN - 2021 BX - Gender Equality MH - Gender Role UI - D000085402 MN - F1.393.446.250.625 MN - F1.752.747.385.200.625 MN - F1.829.750.500 MS - Social role encompassing a range of behaviors and attitudes that are considered acceptable based on perceived sex. HN - 2021 BX - Sex Role MH - Glycemic Control UI - D000085002 MN - E2.491 MS - Strategies used for regulating BLOOD GLUCOSE levels. Such strategies include administration of INSULIN; DIETARY MODIFICATION; and EXERCISE. HN - 2021 BX - Blood Glucose Control MH - HaCaT Cells UI - D000084282 MN - A11.251.210.353 MN - A11.409.500.500 MN - A11.436.397.500 MS - A spontaneously transformed human epithelial cell line developed from a long-term primary culture of human adult skin KERATINOCYTES. As it maintains an epidermal differentiation capacity, it has been used as a model for keratinization studies. (From:J Cell Biol. 1988 Mar;106(3):761-71.) HN - 2021 BX - HaCaT Cell Line BX - Human Adult Low-Calcium High-Temperature Keratinocytes MH - Health Belief Model UI - D000083342 MN - E5.599.323 MN - E5.599.695.275 MS - A model which is based on certain predictors of a person’s perception of threat severity, susceptibility, interventional benefits and self-efficacy about a health threat that can be used to promote and educate health behavior. HN - 2021 BX - Health Belief Models MH - Heart Disease Risk Factors UI - D000082742 MN - E5.318.740.600.800.725.500 MN - N5.715.350.200.700.500 MN - N5.715.360.750.625.700.700.500 MN - N6.850.490.625.750.500 MN - N6.850.520.830.600.800.725.500 MS - Aspects of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, inherited conditions and characteristics, which are determined to be associated with HEART DISEASES. HN - 2021 BX - Cardiovascular Risk BX - Cardiovascular Risk Factors BX - Cardiovascular Risk Score BX - Residual Cardiovascular Risk BX - Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease BX - Risk Factors for Heart Disease MH - Hemorrhagic Stroke UI - D000083302 MN - C10.228.140.300.775.300 MN - C14.907.253.855.300 MS - Stroke due to rupture of a weakened blood vessel in the brain (e.g., CEREBRUM HEMISPHERE; CEREBELUM; SUBARACHNOID SPACE). HN - 2021 BX - Intracerebral Hemorrhage Stroke BX - Intracerebral Hemorrhagic Stroke BX - Subarachnoid Hemorrhagic Stroke MH - Hericium UI - D000084824 MN - B1.300.179.108 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Hericiaceae, order Russulales, and phylum BASIDIOMYCOTA. Hericium fungi are basidiomycetes with distinctive white fruiting body that resembles icicles such as in lion's mane mushroom, Hericium erinaceus. HN - 2021 MH - Heteroplasmy UI - D000081942 MN - G5.365.461 MS - The occurrence of more than one organellar GENOME in the organelle population of a cell, tissue, or individual organism. It is due to the accumulation of different mutations that occur within the population of individual organelles of a cell. HN - 2021 BX - Heteroplasmic Mutation BX - Heteroplasmic Variation BX - Homoplasmy BX - Macroheteroplasmy BX - Microheteroplasmy MH - High Reliability Organizations UI - D000085264 MN - N3.540.468 MS - Organizations operating complex, high-hazard domains for extended periods without serious accidents or catastrophic failures. The concept of high reliability extends beyond standardization. High reliability organizations cultivate resilience by relentlessly prioritizing safety over other performance pressures. (from https://psnet.ahrq.gov/primer/high-reliability accessed 3/25/2020) HN - 2021 MH - HIV Testing UI - D000082922 MN - E1.370.225.875.408 MN - E5.200.875.408 MS - Diagnosis of HIV INFECTIONS by assaying bodily fluids or tissues for the presence of HIV ANTIBODIES; HIV ANTIGENS; or the VIRAL RNA of HIV. AN - coordinate with HIV Infections/*diag or AIDS /*diag and specific test if pertinent HN - 2021 BX - AIDS Testing BX - HIV Infection Diagnosis BX - HIV-AIDS Testing FX - HIV Seronegativity FX - HIV Seropositivity FX - HIV Seroprevalence MH - Host Adaptation UI - D000086967 MN - G6.462.190 MN - G16.12.875 MN - G16.527.200.190 MS - Genetic changes that allow an infectious organism to develop a symbiotic relationship with the organism they infect or jump a species barrier to infect a new host organism. HN - 2021 MH - Human-Animal Interaction UI - D000081762 MN - F1.145.496 MS - Encompasses any situation where there is interchange between human(s) and animal(s) at an individual or cultural level. These interactions are diverse and idiosyncratic, and may be fleeting or profound. (https://www.avma.org/KB/Policies/Pages/The-Human-Animal-Bond.aspx accessed 8/22/2019) HN - 2021 BX - Animal-Human Communication BX - Human-Animal Communication BX - Human-Animal Relationship MH - Hyperferritinemia UI - D000085583 MN - C18.452.565.300 MS - A finding of elevated serum level of FERRITIN. It is often associated with IRON OVERLOAD, repeated blood transfusions, malignancy, iron metabolic syndromes, virus infection, liver injury or dysfunction, and renal failure. Hyperferritinemia in iron metabolic syndromes (e.g., Still's diseases, and HEMOPHAGOCYTIC SYNDROME) is referred to as dysmetabolic hyperferritinemia. HN - 2021 BX - Dysmetabolic Hyperferritinemia BX - Elevated Serum Ferritin BX - Raised Serum Ferritin BX - Ultrahyperferritinemia MH - Hyperspectral Imaging UI - D000081862 MN - E5.196.867.381 MS - The use of SPECTROMETRY measurements (of radiance, reflectance, optical scattering, absorption, etc.) made for each point of an image, across the whole spectrum of a selected spectral range such as infrared, visual, ultraviolet, or X-rays. Hyperspectral images are analyzed to determine the make up and location of specific chemical compounds in the objects being imaged. HN - 2021 BX - Hyperspectral Analysis BX - Hyperspectral Chemical Imaging BX - Hyperspectral Image Analysis BX - Hyperspectral Reflectance Imaging BX - Hyperspectral Remote Sensing MH - Hyperthermia UI - D000084462 MN - C23.888.119.455 MN - C26.522.750 MS - An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of inability to regulate core body temperature due to non-pathologic factors. HN - 2021; for Hyperthermia was under Heat Stroke 1985-2020 FX - Hyperthermia, Induced FX - Malignant Hyperthermia MH - Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy UI - D000084262 MN - E2.186.170.500 MN - E2.319.170.500 MN - E2.565.370 MS - A cancer treatment that involves filling the abdominal cavity with heated chemotherapy drugs. It is performed after the surgeon removes tumors or lesions from the abdominal area, to kill any cancer cells that remain after surgery and reduce the risk for cancer recurrence. (From: https://www.mdanderson.org/treatment-options/hyperthermic-intraperitoneal-chemotherapy.html; Feb, 20, 2020) HN - 2021 BX - HIPEC BX - Hot Chemotherapy BX - Intraperitoneal Hyperthermic Chemotherapy MH - Identity Recognition UI - D000087023 MN - F2.463.593.524.250 MS - Ability to identify another individual by their facial, vocal, and other bodily features or distinguishing characteristics such as BODY HEIGHT; EYE COLOR; a birth mark or TATTOO; or GAIT. HN - 2021; use FACIAL RECOGNITION 2016-2020 FX - Biometric Identification MH - Imaging Genomics UI - D000085843 MN - H1.158.273.180.350.850 MN - H1.158.273.180.700.500 MN - H2.403.740.663 MS - The field of study investigating the relationship between imaging features, identified during various imaging procedures, and the presence of various genetic or molecular markers of particular disorders and diseases. HN - 2021 BX - Radiogenomics (Imaging) FX - Radiation Genomics MH - Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors UI - D000082082 MN - D27.505.519.507 MN - D27.505.954.248.487 MS - Drugs that block negative regulator IMMUNE CHECKPOINT proteins (e.g., PD-1 RECEPTOR and CTLA-4 ANTIGEN) thereby increasing suppressed immune activation in immunotherapies. HN - 2021 BX - CTLA-4 Inhibitor BX - CTLA-4 Inhibitors BX - Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein 4 Inhibitor BX - Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein 4 Inhibitors BX - Immune Checkpoint Blockade BX - Immune Checkpoint Blockers BX - Immune Checkpoint Inhibition BX - Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor BX - PD-1 Inhibitor BX - PD-1 Inhibitors BX - PD-1-PD-L1 Blockade BX - PD-L1 Inhibitor BX - PD-L1 Inhibitors BX - Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Inhibitor BX - Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Inhibitors BX - Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Inhibitors MH - Immune Checkpoint Proteins UI - D000082102 MN - D12.776.465 MN - D23.383 MS - Immunomodulators that regulate immune system either in stimulatory or inhibitory fashion allowing IMMUNE TOLERANCE. Activation of suppressed immune system (IMMUNOSUPPRESSION (PHYSIOLOGY)) in immunotherapy by IMMUNE CHECKPOINT INHIBITORS often targets inhibitory checkpoint molecules. HN - 2021 BX - Immune Checkpoint Molecule BX - Immune Checkpoint Molecules BX - Immune Checkpoint Protein BX - Inhibitory Checkpoint Molecule BX - Inhibitory Checkpoint Molecules BX - Stimulatory Checkpoint Molecule BX - Stimulatory Checkpoint Molecules MH - Indigenous Canadians UI - D000086682 MN - M1.686.508.150.600.375 MS - The three groups of indigenous aboriginal peoples of Canada. These include First Nations, Inuit and Métis. These are three distinct peoples with unique histories, languages, cultural practices and spiritual beliefs. HN - 2021 BX - Canadian Natives BX - First Nation Canadians BX - Metis Canadians BX - Native Canadians MH - Induced Demand UI - D000081724 MN - N3.219.665 MS - Stimulating demand by providing or selling of sometimes unnecessary services to users accompanied by exercising power on behalf of service providers. HN - 2021 BX - Induced Demand For Healthcare Services BX - Induced Demand For Healthcare Servvices MH - Inonotus UI - D000084827 MN - B1.300.179.109 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Hymenochaetaceae, order Hymenochaetales, and phylum BASIDIOMYCOTA. Inonotus fungi are basidiomycetes and include medicinal mushrooms such as chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus). HN - 2021 MH - Internal Hernia UI - D000082122 MN - C23.300.707.960 MS - A protrusion of an internal abdominal organ through a hole in an anatomical structure such as a muscle or a membrane. For instance, in paraduodenal hernia the SMALL INTESTINE herniates through an opening in the MESENTERIES. It includes intra-abdominal and diaphragmatic hernias. In abdominal hernia a protrusion occurs through a weak spot in the muscle of the ABDOMINAL WALL. HN - 2021 BX - Broad Ligament Hernia BX - Foramen of Winslow Hernia BX - Intersigmoid Hernia BX - Intra Abdominal Hernia BX - Intra-abdominal Hernia BX - Intramesenteric Hernia BX - Lesser Sac Hernia BX - Paracaecal Hernia BX - Paracecal Herniation BX - Pelvic Internal Hernia BX - Pericaecal Hernia BX - Pericaecal Herniation BX - Pericaecal Internal Herniation BX - Pericecal Hernia BX - Retrocecal Hernia BX - Sigmoid Mesocolon Hernia BX - Supravesical Hernia BX - Transmesenteric Hernia BX - Transmesosigmoid Hernia BX - Transomental Hernia MH - Internet Addiction Disorder UI - D000082424 MN - F1.145.527.100.120.750 MS - Problematic, compulsive Internet use that results in significant impairment of person's function in daily life. HN - 2021 BX - Internet Addiction BX - Internet Gaming Disorder BX - Smartphone Addiction BX - Social Media Addiction MH - Internet Use UI - D000084362 MN - L1.143.580 MN - L1.224.230.110.500.673 MS - Utilization of the Internet and its services. HN - 2021 BX - Internet Usage BX - Web Usage BX - Web Use MH - Interprofessional Education UI - D000081784 MN - I2.358.805 MS - Education which encourages health professionals to learn the their teammates' roles and responsibilities, making them better able to provide patient-centered care. (https://www.simulationiq.com/blog/content/cross-departmental-interprofessional-education-overcoming-common-obstacles accessed 8/22/2091) HN - 2021 BX - Cross-Training MH - Ischemic Stroke UI - D000083242 MN - C10.228.140.300.775.400 MN - C14.907.253.855.400 MS - Stroke due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA resulting in interruption or reduction of blood flow to a part of the brain. When obstruction is due to a BLOOD CLOT formed within in a cerebral blood vessel it is a thrombotic stroke. When obstruction is formed elsewhere and moved to block a cerebral blood vessel (see CEREBRAL EMBOLISM) it is referred to as embolic stroke. Wake-up stroke refers to ischemic stroke occurring during sleep while cryptogenic stroke refers to ischemic stroke of unknown origin. HN - 2021 BX - Acute Ischemic Stroke BX - Cryptogenic Embolism Stroke BX - Cryptogenic Ischemic Stroke BX - Cryptogenic Stroke BX - Ischaemic Stroke BX - Wake-up Stroke FX - Intracranial Embolism FX - Thrombosis MH - Jails UI - D000081702 MN - J3.220.250 MS - Place of confinement for persons held in lawful custody in a place under the jurisdiction of a local government such as a city or county for the confinement of persons awaiting trial or those convicted of misdemeanor crimes. AN - specify geographic location if pertinent HN - 2021 BX - Detention Centers BX - Gaols MH - Kimura Disease UI - D000082242 MN - C7.465.815.178 MN - C15.604.315.459 MS - A chronic flammatory disease characterized by benign enlargement of cervical LYMPH NODE and SALIVARY GLANDS with increased levels of IMMUNOGLOBULIN E. Unlike ANGIOLYMPHOID HYPERPLASIA WITH EOSINOPHILIA it involves eosinophil infiltrates in lymph node and salivary glands and mostly found in Asian males. HN - 2021; use ANGIOLYMPHOID HYPERPLASIA WITH EOSINOPHILIA 1984-2020 BX - Kimura's Disease FX - Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia MH - Laminopathies UI - D000083083 MN - C16.320.488 MS - Congenital neuromuscular and muscular dystrophy diseases associated with mutations in the LAMIN TYPE A (Lamin A/C or LMNA gene). It includes CARDIOMYOPATHY, DILATED, 1A; CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH DISEASE, type 2B1; EMERY-DREIFUSS MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, types 2 and 3; HUTCHINSON-GILFORD PROGERIA SYNDROME; LIPODYSTROPHY, FAMILIAL PARTIAL, TYPE 2; Malouf syndrome; Mandibuloacral dysplasia; LMNA-related muscular dystrophy; Restrictive dermopathy, lethal; Heart-hand syndrome, Slovenian type. HN - 2021 BX - LMNA-Associated Diseases BX - LMNA-Linked Diseases MH - Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging UI - D000081982 MN - E1.370.350.589.62 MN - E5.642.62 MS - Two-dimensional imaging created from the quantification of the blurring of speckle (randomly varying intensity patterns of light seen after it is scattered through a medium) that occurs spatially or temporally. LSCI is used for measuring blood flow in tissues such as the retina, skin, and brain. HN - 2021 MH - Latent Infection UI - D000085343 MN - C1.550 MS - Delayed infection of the host by a dormant or inactive pathogen. HN - 2021 BX - Reactivation Infection FX - Reinfection FX - Virus Activation FX - Virus Latency MH - Leptosphaeria UI - D000084744 MN - B1.300.107.538 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Leptosphaeriaceae, order Pleosporales and phylum ASCOMYCOTA. Leptosphaeria fungi are filamentous ascomycetes mostly found in soil and rarely associated with opportunistic MYCETOMA. HN - 2021 MH - Liberibacter UI - D000086202 MN - B3.660.50.662.347 MS - A genus of gram-negative ALPHAPROTEOBACTERIA in the family RHIZOBIACEAE that is a known plant pathogen transmitted by PSYLLIDS. HN - 2021 BX - Candidatus Liberibacter MH - Logotherapy UI - D000081842 MN - F4.754.528 MS - Directive existential psychotherapy that emphasizes the importance of meaning in the person's life. HN - 2021 MH - Lyngbya UI - D000083582 MN - B3.280.355 MN - B3.440.475.100.355 MS - A unicellular, photosynthetic genus of CYANOBACTERIA belonging to the family Oscillatoriaceae. It is a known cause of seaweed dermatitis and also Ciguatera poisoning when ingested. HN - 2021 FX - Lyngbya Toxins MH - Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles UI - D000082662 MN - J1.637.512.600.500.144 MS - Synthesized nanoparticles related to iron oxide crystalline structures with magnetic properties useful for biomedical applications. Examples include hematite, magnetite and maghemite nanoparticles. HN - 2021 BX - Hematite Nanoparticles BX - IONPs BX - Iron Oxide Nanoparticles BX - Maghemite Nanoparticles BX - Magnetic IONPs BX - Magnetic Iron Nanoparticles BX - SPIONs BX - Superparamagnetic Iron Nanoparticles BX - Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles FX - Drug Carriers MH - Mania UI - D000087122 MN - C10.597.606.483 MN - C23.888.592.604.487 MN - F1.700.548 MS - A state of elevated excitement with over-activity sometimes accompanied with psychotic symptoms (e.g., PSYCHOMOTOR AGITATION, inflated SELF ESTEEM and flight of ideas). It is often associated with mental disorders (e.g., CYCLOTHYMIC DISORDER; and BIPOLAR DISEASES). HN - 2021(1981) BX - Hypomania BX - Hypomanic Episode BX - Manic Episode MH - Marathon Running UI - D000081642 MN - G11.427.410.568.610.660 MN - G11.427.410.698.277.750.660 MN - I3.350.750.660 MN - I3.450.642.845.610.660 MS - A sporting event in which participants run a distance of approximately 26.2 miles in a race. HN - 2021 BX - Marathons BX - Ultramarathon Running FX - Track and Field MH - Masked Mycotoxins UI - D000083842 MN - D23.946.587.559 MS - Fungal toxins masked by other macromolecules thereby reducing detection levels of such mycotoxins. HN - 2021 BX - Bound Mycotoxins MH - Mast Cell Stabilizers UI - D000082142 MN - D27.505.696.477.914 MN - D27.505.954.158.636 MS - Compounds that prevent the release of inflammatory mediators from MAST CELLS. HN - 2021 BX - Mast Cell Degranulation Stabilizer BX - Mast Cell Degranulation Stabilizers BX - Mast Cell Stabilizer BX - Mast Cell Stabilizing Compound BX - Mast Cell Stabilizing Compounds BX - Mast Cells Degranulation Stabilizer BX - Mast Cells Degranulation Stabilizers BX - Mast Cells Stabilizer BX - Mast Cells Stabilizers MH - Mechanical Tests UI - D000083522 MN - E5.570.500 MN - G1.374.687 MS - Evaluation of mechanical properties of material or a device. HN - 2021 BX - Mechanical Testing MH - Mediation Analysis UI - D000081983 MN - E5.318.740.400.500 MN - N5.715.360.750.350.500 MN - N6.850.520.830.400.500 MS - A type of statistical analysis used to understand, clarify, and explain the relationship and pathway between a presumed cause (an independent variable) and effect (dependent variable) with respect to causal links (mediating variables) and/or to analyze the effect of an intervention (mediating factor/variable) on an outcome. HN - 2021 BX - Causal Mediation Analysis BX - Intermediary Factors BX - Intermediary Variables BX - Intervening Factors BX - Intervening Variables BX - Mediating Factors BX - Mediating Variables FX - Causality MH - Mediterranea UI - D000086222 MN - B3.440.80.94.389 MS - A genus of gram-negative, anaerobic bacteria in the phylum BACTEROIDETES and family BACTEROIDACEAE. This genus includes the type species Mediterranea massiliensis, which resides in the human colon. HN - 2021 MH - Mesothelioma, Malignant UI - D000086002 MN - C4.557.470.35.510.757 MN - C4.557.470.660.510.757 MN - C4.588.894.797.520.173 MN - C4.588.894.797.640.350 MN - C8.381.540.144 MN - C8.785.520.124 MN - C8.785.640.350 MS - A type of mesothelioma with a tendency to metastasize. The majority of the tumors originate from either the PLEURA or PERITONEUM, but which may also orginate in the PERICARDIUM or testicular tissue. It is associated with ASBESTOS exposure. Somatic mutations identified in WT1, BCL10, CDKN2A, NF2, and BAP1 genes are associated with the malignancy. OMIM: 156240 HN - 2021 BX - Malignant Mesothelioma BX - Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma BX - Mesothelioma, Malignant Pleural MH - Metal Workers UI - D000085924 MN - M1.526.590 MS - Craftspersons who take ordinary types of flat metal and make them into specialized products for various duct and ventilation systems, as well as architectural and specialized metal fabrication. HN - 2021 BX - Iron and Steel Workers BX - Iron Workers BX - Steel Workers BX - Welders MH - Microbacterium UI - D000083822 MN - B3.510.24.775 MN - B3.510.460.400.400.49.775 MS - A genus of gram-positive, heat-resistant BACTERIA belonging to the family Microbacteriaceae and phylum ACTINOBACTERIA. Similar to CORYNEBACTERIACEAE, it is found in dairy products and the mammalian intestinal tract. HN - 2021 MH - Microvascular Density UI - D000082644 MN - G9.330.480 MS - Measured density of MICROVESSELS in a given field of area. It is a surrogate BIOMARKER used for many physiological and pathophysiological processes such as angiogenesis, neovascularization, disease and tumor progressions. HN - 2021 BX - Microvessel Density BX - Microvessel Density Measurement BX - Vascular Density MH - Military Deployment UI - D000085883 MN - I1.880.735.950.375 MN - I3.946.225.125 MS - The movement of MILITARY PERSONNEL and support structures to designated areas for the purpose of performing of military duties in support of a mission. HN - 2021: use MILITARY PERSONNEL 2000-2020 MH - Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore UI - D000083162 MN - D5.500.437 MN - D12.776.543.585.475.563 MN - D12.776.575.750.563 MS - A multiprotein inner mitochondrial complex which opens only under certain pathological conditions (e.g., OXIDATIVE STRESS) uncoupling the membrane leading to APOPTOSIS and MITOCHONDRIAL TRANSMEMBRANE PERMEABILITY-DRIVEN NECROSIS particularly in CARDIOMYOCYTES during MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION INJURY. HN - 2021(1999) BX - Mitochondrial Megachannel BX - Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore (mPTP) BX - mPTP Protein MH - Models, Biopsychosocial UI - D000086342 MN - E5.599.63 MS - A systematic integration of biological, psychological, and social approaches to the study of mental health and specific mental disorders. HN - 2021 BX - Biopsychosocial Model MH - Molecularly Imprinted Polymers UI - D000082582 MN - D5.750.218 MN - D25.720.517 MN - J1.637.51.720.573 MS - Synthetic polymeric matrices with artificial molecular recognition sites generated by MOLECULAR IMPRINTING TECHNIQUE. It can specifically bind target molecules (e.g., antibodies, enzymes or receptors). HN - 2021 MH - Morris Water Maze Test UI - D000084443 MN - F2.463.425.874.500.750 MS - A maze test often used to evaluate spatial learning and memory in rodent models by measuring time a submerged platform in an open swimming arena is found. HN - 2021; for Morris Water Maze Test was under Maze Learning 2020 BX - Morris Water Maze MH - Multidimensional Scaling Analysis UI - D000084142 MN - E5.318.740.150.500.500 MN - E5.318.740.250.507 MN - N5.715.360.750.125.500.500 MN - N5.715.360.750.200.563 MN - N6.850.520.830.150.500.500 MN - N6.850.520.830.250.507 MS - A method of providing a visual representation of similarities among a set of data by plotting a map of perceived similarities on a set of vectors in p-dimensional space such that distances among them correspond to a function of the input matrix. HN - 2021 BX - Multidimensional Scaling MH - Mycosphaerella UI - D000084724 MN - B1.300.107.613 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Mycosphaerellaceae, order Dothideomycetes and phylum ASCOMYCOTA. Mycosphaerella are endophytic fungi and causative agents for plant fungal diseases such as leaf blight and foot and leaf rots. HN - 2021 MH - N95 Respirators UI - D000087162 MN - E7.325.877.750 MN - E7.700.700.500 MN - E7.858.594.875 MN - J1.637.708.560.937.500 MS - Respiratory protective devices designed to achieve a close seal around the nose and mouth to maintain efficient filtration of aerosolized particles and droplets. They are often fitted for the prevention of the spread of infections (e.g. COVID19) or to administer inhaled anesthetics or other gases. HN - 2021 BX - N95 Face Masks BX - N95 FFRs BX - N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirators BX - N95 Masks MH - Nasoalveolar Molding UI - D000084982 MN - E2.760.795.500 MN - E4.604.750.310 MN - N2.421.585.795.500 MS - A presurgical facial orthotic treatment for patients with bilateral and unilateral CLEFT LIP and CLEFT PALATE. The treatment uses NASOALVEOLAR MOLDING DEVICES designed to reduce the cleft gap, reposition the alveolar segments to improve nasal symmetry, shaping and lessening the severity of the cleft deformity before primary palatoplasty, cheiloplasty, and RHINOPLASTY. HN - 2021 BX - NAM Therapy BX - Nasal Alveolar Molding MH - Negative-Sense RNA Viruses UI - D000086103 MN - B4.820.480 MS - RNA viruses that have their genetic material encoded in the form of single-stranded, negative-sense RNA. Unlike RETROVIRUSES they do not employ DNA intermediates in their life-cycle HN - 2021 BX - Antisense-Strand RNA Viruses BX - Group V Single-Stranded RNA Viruses MH - Neglecta UI - D000086242 MN - B3.353.625.774 MS - A genus of gram-positive, anaerobic bacteria in the order CLOSTRIDIALES and phylum FIRMICUTES. This genus is known for the type species Neglecta timonensis which was discovered in the stool of a patient with DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2. HN - 2021 MH - Nocardioides UI - D000083962 MN - B3.510.24.986 MN - B3.510.460.400.400.49.887 MS - A genus of aerobic Gram-positive high G+C DNA content bacteria in the family Nocardiodiaceae and the phylum ACTINOBACTERIA. Members can utilize a wide range of carbon and nitrogen sources including ethene and VINYL CHLORIDE. HN - 2021 MH - Nocardiopsis UI - D000086262 MN - B3.510.24.988 MN - B3.510.460.400.400.49.915 MS - A genus of gram-positive bacteria in the phylum ACTINOBACTERIA and family Nocardiopsaceae. This genus occurs in saline and alkaline soils, and is known for producing antimicrobial compounds such as thiopeptides. HN - 2021 MH - Open Field Test UI - D000082563 MN - F2.463.425.874.500.875 MS - A maze test in which an animal is placed in an open chamber designed to assess anxiety and exploratory behavior by movement patterns. In novel object recognition test various objects are added to open field to assess exploration and memory. HN - 2021 BX - Novel Object Recognition Test BX - Open Field Maze Test MH - Opiate Overdose UI - D000083682 MN - C25.775.383.500 MN - C25.775.643.500.700 MN - E2.319.306.500.500.500 MN - F3.900.647.500.700 MS - Accidental or deliberate use of an OPIOID in excess of normal dosage. It includes overdose for prescription and illicit opioids. HN - 2021 BX - Opioid Overdose MH - Orientia UI - D000084162 MN - B3.660.50.783.875.650.450 MS - A genus of intracellular, gram-negative obligate bacteria belonging to the family RICKETTSIACEAE and the phylum PROTEOBACTERIA. This genus also includes ORIENTIA TSUTSUGAMUSHI which is a known cause of SCRUB TYPHUS transmitted to humans by various TROMBICULID MITES. HN - 2021 MH - Ovarian Torsion UI - D000082843 MN - C13.351.500.56.630.728 MN - C19.391.630.728 MN - C23.300.970.625 MS - A condition that occurs when an ovary twists around the ligaments that hold it in place. This twisting can cut off blood flow. It usually affects only one ovary. HN - 2021 BX - Adnexal Torsion MH - Pangolins UI - D000086642 MN - B1.50.150.900.649.313.976 MS - Solitary, chiefly burrowing and nocturnal mammals of the order Pholidota. They have bodies, tails and heads encased in sharp scales, which protect them when rolled up into a ball when threatened. Also called scaly anteaters, pangolins are myrmecophagous mainly eating ants and termites and are distributed in the warmer parts of the Asia and the Africa continents. Chinese pangolins are a potential intermediate DISEASE RESERVOIR of COVID-19 virus, SARS-CoV-2. HN - 2021 BX - Chinese Pangolin BX - Manidae BX - Manis BX - Manis pentadactyla BX - Phataginus BX - Pholidota BX - Scaly Anteaters BX - Smutsia MH - Pannus UI - D000086282 MN - B3.280.622 MN - B3.440.475.100.622 MS - A genus of CYANOBACTERIA in the family Synechococcaceae that is free-floating and occurs in various water environments attaching to algae and submersed plants. HN - 2021 MH - Paraduodenal Hernia UI - D000082123 MN - C23.300.707.960.750 MS - A protrusion of the SMALL INTESTINE through an opening in the MESENTERY. HN - 2021 BX - Left Paraduodenal Hernia BX - Obstructed Paraduodenal Hernia BX - Right Paraduodenal Hernia MH - Pegivirus UI - D000087082 MN - B4.820.578.344.588 MS - A genus of virus in the family FLAVIVIRIDAE. While mostly non-pathogenic, pegivirus coinfections are sometimes associated with NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA in human and a viral hepatitis Theiler’s disease in horses. AN - infection: coordinate with FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS HN - 2021 BX - Human Hepegiviruses BX - Human Pegivirus MH - Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava UI - D000083402 MN - C14.240.850.930 MN - C16.131.240.850.902 MS - Finding of the SUPERIOR VENA CAVA on the left instead of the usual right side of the ASCENDING AORTA. In bilateral superior vena cava it is found on both sides. HN - 2021 BX - Bilateral Superior Caval Veins BX - Bilateral Superior Vena Cava BX - Bilateral SVC BX - Left Sided Superior Vena Cava BX - Left-Sided Superior Vena Cava BX - Persistent LSVC BX - PLSVC BX - Superior Vena Caval Duplication BX - SVC Duplication MH - Persistent Organic Pollutants UI - D000083462 MN - D27.888.284.429 MS - Toxic chemicals that persist for long periods of time in the ENVIRONMENT and that contaminate ECOSYSTEMS where they are released and where they are transported to by wind, water, and the FOOD CHAIN. HN - 2021 BX - Persistent Organic Pollutant MH - Pestalotiopsis UI - D000084842 MN - B1.300.107.950.500 MN - B1.300.381.684 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Sporocadaceae, order XYLARIALES, and phylum ASCOMYCOTA. Pestalotiopsis fungi are ascomycetes and causative agents for plant fungal diseases such as tip blight. HN - 2021 MH - Phellinus UI - D000084682 MN - B1.300.179.115 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Hymenochaetaceae, class Hymenochaetales and phylum BASIDIOMYCOTA. Phellinus fungi are basidiomycetes which form large shelf-shaped mushrooms. Phellinus linteus (now Tropicoporus linteus) is a medicinal mushroom which produces compounds such as hispidin, a phenolic compound with antioxidant properties. HN - 2021 MH - Phoma UI - D000084723 MN - B1.300.107.700 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Didymellaceae, order Pleosporales and phylum ASCOMYCOTA. Phoma fungi are ascomycetes commonly found in soil and aquatic environments including water distribution systems. Opportunistic superficial infection with Phoma fungi is PHAEOHYPHOMYCOSIS. AN - infection: coordinate with probably PHAEOHYPHOMYCOSIS, otherwise coordinate with MYCOSES HN - 2021 BX - Deuterophoma BX - Peyronellaea MH - Phomopsis UI - D000084725 MN - B1.300.107.708 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Valsaceae, order Diaporthales and phylum ASCOMYCOTA. Phomopsis fungi are ascomycetes found in the soil and plants and are causative agents for plant fungal diseases such as leaf blight and fruit rots. HN - 2021 MH - Phormidium UI - D000084242 MN - B3.280.631 MN - B3.440.475.100.631 MS - A genus of filamentous, sheathed CYANOBACTERIA in the family Oscillatoriaceae that is found mostly in aquatic environments and is similar to the genera LYNGBYA and PLECTONEMA. HN - 2021 MH - Photothermal Therapy UI - D000082703 MN - E2.565.460 MN - E2.774.834 MS - Application of LOCAL HYPERTHERMIA within a specific tissue using electromagnetic radiation to convert light/laser into heat often coupled with PHOTOSENSITIZER including nanoparticle. HN - 2021 MH - Physical Distancing UI - D000085762 MN - N6.850.780.200.688 MS - Maintaining recommended amount of spacial separation between self and others. HN - 2021 BX - Physical Distance BX - Social Distancing MH - Phytoplasma Disease UI - D000084482 MN - G15.610.350 MS - Plant diseases caused by PHYTOPLASMA bacteria. HN - 2021 BX - Ash Yellows BX - Aster Yellows BX - Elm Yellows BX - Phytoplasma Infection BX - Witches' Broom Disease MH - Planktothrix UI - D000086302 MN - B3.280.641 MN - B3.440.475.100.641 MS - A genus of CYANOBACTERIA in the order Oscillatoriales and family Microcoleaceae. Type species of this genus are found in lakes of the Northern Hemisphere and are known producers of hepatotoxins and MICROCYSTINS. HN - 2021 MH - Plant Defense Against Herbivory UI - D000082462 MN - G15.579 MS - Traits developed in plants that help them avoid being used as host plants or food sources; or to tolerate and recover from HERBIVORY. Traits may be mechanical or chemical such as those that affect accessibility (thorns, thick husks, etc.), attractiveness to herbivore (odor, color, texture, etc.), digestibility (toxins, lignins, etc.), and movement in response to touch. HN - 2021 BX - Anti-Herbivore Defense BX - Anti-Herbivore Defenses BX - Host-Plant Resistance BX - Host-Plant Tolerance BX - Plant Anti-Xenosis BX - Plant Antibiosis BX - Plant Antixenosis BX - Plant Resistance to Herbivory MH - Plant Necrosis and Chlorosis UI - D000084483 MN - G15.610.525 MS - Plant diseases affecting mostly leaves where either plant cells or tissues are dead and/or collapsed (necrosis) or yellowed due to loss of CHLOROPHYLL (chlorosis). HN - 2021 BX - Plant Chlorosis BX - Plant Chlorosis and Necrosis BX - Plant Epinasty BX - Plant Necrosis MH - Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome UI - D000083082 MN - C14.907.137.671 MS - Entrapment of the POPLITEAL ARTERY in the LEG due to an abnormal course of the artery often associated with onset of development and/or overuse of the gastrocnemius or popliteus muscles on the back of the leg. It is most often associated with runners and other athletes with enlarged calf muscle that compresses the popliteal artery. HN - 2021 BX - Popliteal Artery Entrapment MH - Positive-Strand RNA Viruses UI - D000085102 MN - B4.820.578 MS - RNA viruses that have their genetic material encoded in the form of single-stranded, positive-sense RNA. Unlike RETROVIRUSES they do not employ DNA intermediates in their life-cycle. HN - 2021 BX - (+) Sense RNA Viruses BX - Group IV Single-Stranded RNA Viruses BX - Positive Sense RNA Viruses BX - Sense-Strand RNA Viruses MH - Practice Patterns, Pharmacists' UI - D000086702 MN - N4.590.374.458 MN - N5.300.575 MS - Patterns of practice related to how PHARMACISTS prepare or compound PRESCRIPTION DRUGS as especially influenced by cost of the service requested and provided. HN - 2021 BX - Pharmacist's Practice Patterns BX - Practice Pattern, Pharmacist MH - Preoperative Exercise UI - D000082622 MN - E2.760.731.850 MN - E4.604.875 MN - G11.427.410.698.277.531 MN - I3.350.531 MN - N2.421.585.722.850 MS - Various physical exercises implemented before a surgery designed for better TREATMENT OUTCOME. HN - 2021 BX - Pre-operative Conditioning BX - Pre-operative Exercise BX - Pre-operative Rehabilitation BX - Prehabilitation BX - Preoperative Conditioning BX - Preoperative Rehabilitation MH - Prolyl Oligopeptidases UI - D000085822 MN - D8.811.277.656.300.760.637 MS - A family of serine proteases with specificity for proline-specific cleavage of peptides that are not longer than 30 amino acids. In humans it is broadly distributed in all tissues with higher activity found in the brain. HN - 2021 BX - Post-Proline Cleaving Enzyme BX - Post-Proline Endopeptidase BX - Proline Endopeptidase BX - Proline Specific Endopeptidase BX - Prolyl Endopeptidase BX - Prolyl Endopeptidase (Thiol-dependent) BX - Prolyl Endopeptidase I BX - Prolyl Oligopeptidase MH - Pseudonocardia UI - D000084382 MN - B3.510.24.993 MN - B3.510.460.400.400.49.943 MS - A genus of high gram-content ACTINOBACTERIA in the family Pseudonocardiaceae. This genus is known for its antibiotic properties which aid in the protection of leafcutter ANTS from parasites in the fungus they produce. HN - 2021 MH - Pseudoscience UI - D000087222 MN - I1.880.735.646 MS - System of theories, assumptions, and methods erroneously regarded as based on science. HN - 2021 MH - Psychosocial Functioning UI - D000083623 MN - F1.872 MN - F4.96.628.270.500 MN - N6.850.505.400.425.756 MS - Level of and variations in social and emotional level of variations in social and emotional activity or behaviors. HN - 2021 MH - Psychosocial Intervention UI - D000083626 MN - F4.754.715 MS - Psychological and social interventions by providers including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, counselors/therapists, primary care and other nonpsychiatric physicians, nurses, physical and occupational therapists, religious leaders, lay and peer providers, paraprofessionals and caregivers, and automated providers (e.g. Internet/audio/video-delivered interventions). Combinations of provider options are sometimes used. HN - 2021 BX - Psychological Intervention MH - Psychotherapists UI - D000082383 MN - M1.526.485.858 MS - Trained professionals who treat mental or emotional problems using psychological rather than solely using medical methods. HN - 2021 MH - Puccinia UI - D000084643 MN - B1.300.179.487 MS - A genus of fungi in the family Pucciniaceae, order Pucciniales, and phylum BASIDIOMYCOTA. Puccinia fungi are causative agents for some plant fungal rust diseases such as cereal rust caused by Puccinia graminis. HN - 2021 MH - Quadricuspid Aortic Valve UI - D000082902 MN - C14.240.400.818 MN - C14.280.400.818 MN - C14.280.484.48.937 MN - C16.131.240.400.817 MS - Congenital malformation where the AORTIC VALVE has four instead of three cusps. It is often associated with AORTIC REGURGITATION and AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS. HN - 2021 BX - Congenital Quadricuspid Aortic Valve BX - Quadricuspid Aortic Valve Condition BX - Quadricuspid Aortic Valve Disease BX - Quadricuspid Aortic Valve Disorder BX - Quadricuspid Aortic Valvular Disease MH - Quick Diagnosis Units UI - D000084782 MN - N2.278.388.720 MS - Alternatives to conventional hospitalization for the diagnosis of suspected serious diseases allowing coordinated diagnostic procedures. HN - 2021 BX - Ambulatory Quick Diagnosis Units BX - Drive Thru Testing BX - Drive-in Testing MH - Radiation Genomics UI - D000085844 MN - H1.158.273.180.350.925 MN - H1.158.273.789.750 MN - H2.403.740.669 MS - The study of the association between patient genomic data and the response to IONIZING RADIATION. HN - 2021 (2013) BX - Radiogenomics (Radiometry) FX - Imaging Genomics MH - Rappaport UI - D000086322 MN - B3.660.250.80.775 MS - A genus of gram-negative GAMMAPROTEOBACTERIA in the family CARDIOBACTERIACEAE. HN - 2021 MH - Receptors, Coronavirus UI - D000085064 MN - D12.776.543.750.830.363 MS - A broad class of cell surface proteins that bind specifically to VIRAL SPIKE PROTEINS found on a CORONAVIRUS. The attachment of the virus is the first step of a process that leads to CORONAVIRUS INFECTIONS. HN - 2021 BX - Cell Surface Receptors, Coronavirus BX - Coronavirus Binding Site BX - Coronavirus Cell Surface Receptors BX - Coronavirus Receptor BX - Coronavirus Receptors BX - Coronavirus Spike Binding Site FX - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 MH - Recreational Drug Use UI - D000084783 MN - F1.145.683 MS - Occasional or habitual non-prescribed, not health-related use of substances. HN - 2021 MH - Reinfection UI - D000084063 MN - C23.550.291.937.250 MS - Infection by the same infectious agent following a recovery. Reinfection may be by a different strain or reactivation of the same strain. HN - 2021 BX - Infection Reactivation BX - Re-infection BX - Reactivated Infection BX - Recurrent Infection FX - Latent Infection MH - Reinjuries UI - D000083102 MN - C26.741 MS - Damage inflicted on the same body part as a previous injury. HN - 2021 BX - Re-injuries BX - Repeat Injuries BX - Repeated injuries BX - Second Injuries BX - Subsequent Injuries MH - Renibacterium UI - D000084402 MN - B3.510.24.850.750 MN - B3.510.400.500.750 MS - A genus of high GC-content, Gram-positive ACTINOBACTERIA in the family MICROCOCCACEAE. The type species of this genus, Renibacterium salmoninarum, is known to cause bacterial kidney disease in SALMONIDS. HN - 2021 MH - Resistant Starch UI - D000084922 MN - D5.750.78.562.855.875 MN - D9.301.416.750 MN - D9.301.915.875 MN - D9.698.365.855.875 MN - G7.203.300.400.750 MN - J2.500.400.750 MS - Dietary starch and related high-molecular carbohydrate incapable of enzymatic hydrolysis in the SMALL INTESTINE and instead ferments in the COLON, producing SHORT-CHAIN FATTY ACIDS by-products. HN - 2021 MH - Retinyl Esters UI - D000084562 MN - D2.241.400.500 MN - D2.455.326.271.665.202.495.754 MN - D2.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.775 MN - D2.455.849.131.495.754 MN - D23.767.261.700.735 MS - A carboxylic ester of retinol formed by condensation of the hydroxy group of retinol with a carboxy group. HN - 2021 BX - All-Trans-Retinyl Ester BX - All-Trans-Retinyl Esters BX - Retinyl Ester MH - Return of Spontaneous Circulation UI - D000084102 MN - G9.330.100.847 MS - Recovery of blood circulation reestablishing blood pressure and pulse after CARDIAC ARREST. Timeline and quality of care post-return of spontaneous circulation impacts cognitive RECOVERY OF FUNCTION in CARDIAC REHABILITATION. HN - 2021 BX - Autoresuscitation BX - Lazarus Phenomenon BX - Unassisted Return of Spontaneous Circulation MH - Return to School UI - D000084722 MN - I2.689 MS - Resumption of educational activity following an hiatus or period of absence. HN - 2021 MH - Rhamnogalacturonans UI - D000085982 MN - D5.750.78.738.500 MN - D9.698.670.500 MN - D20.215.784.500.618.500 MS - Types of polysaccharides that are components of the plant cell wall pectin matrix. Rhamnogalacturonan I is characterized by a backbone of the repeating disaccharide (4)-alpha-D-galacturonic acid-(1,2)-alpha-L-rhamnose-(1,-) with many of the rhamnose residues substituted at C-4 with side chains of various neutral sugars linked together in various ways. Rhamnogalacturonan II type is complex, highly branched polysaccharide where the backbone consists exclusively of D-galacturonic acid units. HN - 2021 MH - Rhinorrhea UI - D000086722 MN - C23.888.852.834 MS - Excess nasal drainage. HN - 2021 BX - Runny Nose MH - Rhizopus oryzae UI - D000082763 MN - B1.300.300.500.800.500 MS - A species of zygomycetous fungi of the genus RHIZOPUS, family MUCORACEAE, and order MUCORALES. It may cause MUCORMYCOSIS in IMMUNOSUPPRESSED HOSTS. HN - 2021 BX - Rhizopus arrhizus BX - Rhizopus arrhizus var. arrhizus BX - Rhizopus hangchow BX - Rhizopus javanicus BX - Rhizopus liquefaciens BX - Rhizopus peka BX - Rhizopus pseudochinensis BX - Rhizopus suinus BX - Rhizopus tamarii BX - Rhizopus thermosus BX - Rhizopus tritici MH - Routinely Collected Health Data UI - D000085143 MN - N3.349.380.210.875 MN - N5.425.210.750 MS - Data collected for purposes other than research. Examples include health administrative data, electronic health records, and disease or clinical registries. HN - 2021 BX - Routinely Collected Data MH - Sanitary Surveys, Water Supply UI - D000082463 MN - E5.318.308.975 MN - N6.850.460.350.80.750.500 MN - N6.850.520.308.975 MS - Review of public systems assess their capability to supply safe drinking water. (www.epa.gov/dwreginfo/sanitary-surveys). HN - 2021 BX - Sanitary Surveys FX - Health Surveys MH - SARS-CoV-2 UI - D000086402 MN - B4.820.578.500.540.150.113.968 MS - A species of BETACORONAVIRUS causing atypical respiratory disease (COVID-19) in humans. The organism was first identified in 2019 in Wuhan, China. The natural host is the Chinese intermediate horseshoe bat, RHINOLOPHUS affinis. AN - infection = COVID-19 HN - 2021(2020) BX - 2019 Novel Coronavirus BX - Coronavirus Disease 2019 Virus BX - COVID-19 Virus BX - SARS Coronavirus 2 BX - SARS-CoV-2 Virus BX - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 BX - Wuhan Coronavirus BX - Wuhan Seafood Market Pneumonia Virus MH - Schema Therapy UI - D000081843 MN - F4.754.834 MS - Therapy that emphasizes lifelong patterns, affective change techniques, and the therapeutic relationship. (https://www.apa.org/pubs/videos/4310804) HN - 2021; use Psychotherapy (2020) MH - Self-Testing UI - D000085263 MN - E2.900.950 MN - I3.733 MS - Process whereby a person who wants to know his or her health status collects a specimen, performs a test and interprets the test result in private. HN - 2021 MH - Semicircular Canal Dehiscence UI - D000084322 MN - C9.218.568.900.663 MS - A vestibular disorder caused by a pathologic third window into the BONY LABYRINTH (in contrast to the normal ROUND WINDOW OF EAR and the OVAL WINDOW OF EAR). It can present with autophony, sound- or pressure-induced VERTIGO, and chronic disequilibrium among other vestibulocochlear symptoms.(From: Semin Neurol. 2020 Jan 27; 48: 58-65.) HN - 2021 BX - Dehiscence of the Lateral Semicircular Canal BX - Dehiscence of the Posterior Semicircular Canal BX - Dehiscence of the Semicircular Canal BX - Dehiscence of the Superior Semicircular Canal BX - Lateral Canal Dehiscence Syndrome BX - Lateral Semicircular Canal Dehiscence BX - Lateral Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Syndrome BX - Posterior Canal Dehiscence Syndrome BX - Posterior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence BX - Posterior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Syndrome BX - Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Syndrome BX - Superior Canal Dehiscence Syndrome BX - Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence BX - Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Syndrome MH - Service Animals UI - D000081822 MN - B1.50.50.116.812 MS - Animals that have been trained to do work or perform tasks for an individual with a disability. The task(s) performed by the animal must be directly related to the person's disability. Emotional support, therapy, comfort, or companion animals are not considered service animals under the Americans With Disabilities Act.(www.ada.gov/regs2010/service_animal_qa.html, accessed 3/31/2020) HN - 2021 BX - Alert Dogs BX - Assistance Animals BX - Assistance Dogs BX - Guide Dogs BX - Hearing Dogs BX - Seeing Eye Dogs BX - Service Dogs MH - Sestrins UI - D000084622 MN - D8.811.682.732.962 MS - Alkylhydroperoxide reductases induced by the P53 TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN. They may be involved in anti-OXIDATIVE STRESS response by regenerating oxidized PEROXIREDOXINS. HN - 2021 BX - SESN Proteins BX - Sestrin Family BX - Sestrin Proteins MH - Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome UI - D000085142 MN - C1.920.930.831 MN - C1.925.782.147.905 MS - A tick-borne infection with SEVERE FEVER WITH THROMBOCYTOPENIA SYNDROME BUNYAVIRUS of the genus Phlebovirus. It is associated with fever, THROMBOCYTOPENIA; LEUKOCYTOPENIA, and multiorgan dysfunction. It is found in parts of Asia including China, Japan, Korea and Vietnam and can be transmitted from infected domestic animals and humans. HN - 2021 BX - Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Bunyavirus Infection BX - SFTS Virus Infection MH - Sexual Arousal UI - D000083942 MN - F2.830.104.518 MN - G11.561.35.369 MS - Physiological arousal elicited by sexual contact or by other erotic stimulation resulting in impulses being transmitted through the central nervous system.The impulses also trigger the release of sex hormones, dilation of the arteries supplying the genital areas, and inhibition of vasoconstrictor centers of the lumbar nerves. HN - 2021 BX - Arousal, Sexual BX - Sexual Excitement FX - Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological MH - Sexual Selection UI - D000082723 MN - G5.783.500 MS - A type of natural selection in which members of one sex choose to mate with members of the other sex that have genetically different components. HN - 2021 BX - Intersexual Selection FX - Mating Preference, Animal FX - Sex Characteristics MH - Sexual Trauma UI - D000082002 MN - F3.950.750.438 MS - Physical and psychological injuries resulting from SEXUAL VIOLENCE. HN - 2021 BX - Sexual Abuse Trauma MH - Skeletal Muscle Enlargement UI - D000084062 MN - G7.345.500.325.377.625.590.500 MN - G11.427.578.590.500 MS - An increase in SKELETAL MUSCLE mass in normal muscle development. In human adults it results primarily from an increase in the size of SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBERS unlike in muscle hyperplasia where an increase in the number of skeletal muscle fibers is a major factor. HN - 2021 FX - Hyperplasia FX - Hypertrophy FX - Muscle, Skeletal MH - Social Cognition UI - D000083282 MN - F2.463.593.752.500 MS - Perception, interpretation, and categorizing self judgement of one's own social behaviors and group position and those of others. HN - 2021 MH - Social Comparison UI - D000083642 MN - F1.752.747.792.962 MS - Perception of one's abilities and attitudes in relation to those of others in a process that plays a significant role in self-image and subjective well-being. HN - 2021 MH - Social Defeat UI - D000083703 MN - F1.145.813.627 MS - Conflict between members of the same species that generates emotional and psychological stress and increased social distance.. HN - 2021 MH - Social Evolution UI - D000083645 MN - F1.145.813.653 MS - The process of cumulative change that arise over over successive generations in social interactions, especially between individuals of the same species, HN - 2021 MH - Social Factors UI - D000083663 MN - I1.880.853.996.877 MS - Social and cultural phenomena and influences that affect behavior. HN - 2021 MH - Social Inclusion UI - D000083644 MN - F1.145.813.745 MS - The process of improving the basis on which individuals and groups take part in society by improving the ability, opportunity, and dignity of those disadvantaged. HN - 2021 MH - Social Interaction UI - D000083505 MN - F1.829.401.716 MS - Process involving reciprocal response between two or more individuals. This includes the development of cooperation and competition, the influence of status and social roles, and the dynamics of group behavior, leadership, and conformity. Persistent social interaction between specific individuals leads to the formation of social relationships. HN - 2021; was Interpersonal Relations 1978-2020 BX - Social Functioning MH - Social Network Analysis UI - D000083482 MN - I1.880.866.500 MS - A set of methods that identify the ties or relationships linking each member of a group to every other member. HN - 2021 MH - Soil Erosion UI - D000085902 MN - G1.311.865 MN - G16.500.870 MS - The displacement of significant quantities of SOIL from an area by wind or rainwater runoff. HN - 2021 FX - Landslides MH - Sorangium UI - D000086323 MN - B3.660.125.500.658 MS - A genus of gram-negative, soil-dwelling DELTAPROTEOBACTERIA in the order MYXOCOCCALES that has gliding motility. HN - 2021 MH - Spray Drying UI - D000085642 MN - E2.792.738 MN - E5.916.920 MS - Method of drying liquids and liquid suspensions to prepare drugs in their final dehydrated powder form. AN - use only for drugs, not for food HN - 2021 MH - Supermarkets UI - D000085943 MN - J1.576.423.750.937 MS - Self-service retail markets selling groceries, fresh produce, meats and other foods. HN - 2021 BX - Grocery Stores MH - Surgical Navigation Systems UI - D000085022 MN - E7.858.724 MS - Hardware and software tools that coordinate the use of imaging data (IMAGE INTERPRETATION, COMPUTER ASSISTED) to provide measurements for the planning of surgery and guidance of instruments during operating procedures in COMPUTER-ASSISTED SURGERY. HN - 2021 MH - Sustenance UI - D000084902 MN - J2.750 MS - Food and water regarded as a source of strength and requirements for life. HN - 2021 FX - Nutritional Requirements MH - Sympathoadrenal System UI - D000084602 MN - A6.300.71.265.500 MN - A6.688.866 MN - A8.713.866 MN - A8.800.50.800.850 MS - A collection of the SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM and the ADRENAL MEDULLA of the ADRENAL GLANDS. Intra-adrenal connection from the medulla to the cortex connects the system to other neuroendocrine systems, which in concert participate in FLIGHT REACTION in stress situations. CATECHOLAMINES are the principle hormone in the system. HN - 2021 BX - Sympatho-Adrenal Axis BX - Sympatho-Adrenal Medullary System BX - Sympatho-Adrenal System BX - Sympathoadrenal Axis BX - Sympathoadrenal Medullary Axis BX - Sympathoadrenal Medullary System MH - T Follicular Helper Cells UI - D000084522 MN - A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400.450 MN - A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400.450 MN - A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400.450 MN - A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400.250 MN - A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400.250 MN - A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400.450 MN - A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400.450 MN - A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400.450 MS - A specialized subpopulation of CD4+ T cells involved in formation of GERMINAL CENTER. Tfh cells are mostly located in secondary lymphoid organs, e.g., TONSIL; SPLEEN and LYMPH NODES. They are CD4 ANTIGEN; CD45 ANTIGEN; B-CELL LYMPHOMA 6 PROTEIN; CXCR5 RECEPTORS; ICOS INDUCIBLE T-CELL CO-STIMULATOR; and PD1 RECEPTOR positive. HN - 2021 BX - Follicular B Helper T Cells BX - Follicular Helper T Cells BX - Tfh Cells MH - Tannerella UI - D000084422 MN - B3.440.80.850 MS - A genus of anaerobic, gram-negative bacteria in the family Tannerellaceae and phylum BACTEROIDETES. TANNERELLA FORSYTHIA, a known species of this genus, is a cause of PERIODONTAL DISEASES and associated with ESOPHAGEAL CANCER and BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS. AN - infection: coordinate with GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIAL INFECTIONS HN - 2021 MH - Team Sports UI - D000085944 MN - I3.450.642.845.880 MS - Organized recreational activities involving individuals. HN - 2021 MH - Teleworking UI - D000085326 MN - N1.824.245.788 MN - N4.452.677.650.313 MS - Arrangement under which an employee performs the duties and responsibilities of such employee's position, and other authorized activities, from an approved worksite other than the location from which the employee would otherwise work. (from https://www.opm.gov/FAQs/QA.aspx?fid=b48bf83b-440c-4f1e-a88c-3cdc9d802ac8&pid=75346675-3b92-4aec-831d-58cf5b0e86d2 accessed 3/26/2020) HN - 2021 BX - Flexible Workplace BX - Remote Working BX - Telecommuting BX - Telework MH - Test Anxiety UI - D000083563 MN - F1.470.132.650.500 MS - Anxiety related to situations where abilities or knowledge are being tested. HN - 2021 BX - Exam Anxiety BX - Exam Stress BX - Pre-Exam Anxiety FX - Test Anxiety Scale MH - Therapy Animals UI - D000085703 MN - B1.50.50.116.859 MS - Therapy animals visit hospitals, nursing homes, hospices, schools, and other places where people may be facing health challenges or stressors to provide an emotional or mental health benefit by their presence. They may also be used to assist physical and occupational therapists. Therapy animals are generally registered, trained, and screened, but are not covered by laws as are service animals. HN - 2021 BX - Comfort Animals BX - Emotional Support Animals BX - Emotional Support Dogs BX - Pet Therapy Animals BX - Pet Therapy Dogs BX - Therapy Dogs FX - Animal Assisted Therapy MH - Thermobifida UI - D000086324 MN - B3.510.460.400.400.49.957 MS - A genus of thermophilic, gram-positive ACTINOBACTERIA in the family Nocardiopsaceae that is rod-shaped and found in decaying organic matter. This genus plays a major role in the degradation of plant cell walls. HN - 2021 MH - Thermomonospora UI - D000084442 MN - B3.510.460.400.400.49.971 MS - A genus of high GC content ACTINOBACTERIA in the family Thermomonosporaceae. Species of this genus, Thermomonospora fusca and Thermomonospora curvata, are known for their roles in the industrial production of enzymes including CELLULASE. HN - 2021 MH - Thermosynechococcus UI - D000086325 MN - B3.280.813 MN - B3.440.475.100.813 MS - A genus of thermophilic, unicellular CYANOBACTERIA in the family Synechococcaceae that is photosynthetic. HN - 2021 MH - Thermotoga UI - D000084444 MN - B3.440.425.410.748 MS - A genus of anaerobic, gram-negative bacteria in the family Thermotogaceae and phylum Thermotogae. Species of this genus such as THERMOTOGA MARITIMA and THERMOTOGA NEAPOLITANA are known to live in high-temperature environments and also play a role in HYDROGEN production. HN - 2021 MH - Thrombotic Stroke UI - D000083244 MN - C10.228.140.300.775.400.750 MN - C14.907.253.855.400.750 MS - A type of ischemic stroke resulting from obstruction due to a BLOOD CLOT formed within in a CEREBRAL ARTERY often associated with ATHEROSCLEROSIS. A stroke due to a blood clot in a cerebral vein is a venous infarction (see VENOUS INFARCTION, BRAIN). HN - 2021 BX - Acute Thrombotic Stroke MH - Timbre Perception UI - D000083002 MN - F2.463.593.71.937 MN - G7.888.125.937 MS - An ability to perceive and distinguish sound sources based on tonal quality or sound color (e.g., overtone). HN - 2021 BX - Timbre Discrimination BX - Timbre Identification BX - Tonal Discrimination BX - Tone Differentiation BX - Tone Identification BX - Tone Perception MH - Tinea cruris UI - D000084002 MN - C1.150.703.302.720.745 MN - C1.800.200.720.745 MN - C17.800.174.640.500 MN - C17.800.815.650.500 MN - C17.800.838.208.883.608 MS - Fungal infection of the groin. The main causative fungus is TRICHOPHYTON. HN - 2021 BX - Jock Itch MH - Toona UI - D000082982 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.912.250.715.750 MS - A plant genus of the family MELIACEAE. Several members were formerly classified under CEDRELA (e.g., Toona sinensis formerly Cedrela sinensis) and produces various LIMONOIDS (e.g., toonins). HN - 2021 MH - Tourism UI - D000085926 MN - I3.883.694 MS - Travel for pleasure. HN - 2021 MH - Transtheoretical Model UI - D000083362 MN - E5.599.323.500 MN - E5.599.695.275.500 MN - E5.599.925 MS - A model which is based on a theory that people don’t change at once but instead rely on multiple stages of readiness to change. Each stage in turn is associated with strategies for progressing through that stage. HN - 2021; for Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change was under Biobehavioral Sciences 2019-2020 BX - Stages of Change MH - Trauma Nursing UI - D000084826 MN - H2.478.676.960 MN - N2.421.533.944 MS - Specialization in the care of patients who suffer an acute injury or illness, whether it is accidental or intentional. It includes skills in caring for patients of all ages-from newborn to the elderly. Examples of cases that may be involved are: traffic accidents, or other wounds or injuries. HN - 2021 MH - Treatment Switching UI - D000085582 MN - E2.990 MN - E5.318.870 MN - N5.715.360.912 MN - N6.850.520.915 MS - When patients in a randomized clinical trial switch from the treatment initially assigned to them to another treatment, typically from the control to experimental treatment. AN - use only in the context of a randomized controlled trial HN - 2021 MH - Tumor-Associated Macrophages UI - D000084582 MN - A11.329.372.850 MN - A11.627.482.850 MN - A11.733.397.907 MN - A15.382.670.522.815 MN - A15.382.680.397.815 MS - Various macrophages found in TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT. They may interact with tumor cells to influence growth and NEOPLASTIC PROCESSES. HN - 2021 BX - Tumor-Associated Macrophage MH - Uncinate Fasciculus UI - D000083382 MN - A8.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.850 MN - A8.186.211.200.885.287.500.863.712 MS - A hook-shaped WHITE MATTER axon tract that connects the uncus and pole of the TEMPORAL LOBE, the LIMBIC SYSTEM and the FRONTAL LOBE. It innervates AMYGDALA proper. HN - 2021 BX - Fasciculus Uncinatus MH - Uridylate-Specific Endoribonucleases UI - D000086842 MN - D8.811.277.352.700.350.850.500 MS - Endoribonucleases that cleave RNA at 5'-polyuridine locations within the RNA strand. HN - 2021 BX - ENDOU MH - User-Centered Design UI - D000086825 MN - E5.320.775 MN - J1.293.910.500 MN - L1.224.900.900 MS - Design process using input from users regarding systems, devices, or software. HN - 2021 BX - Usability Testing MH - Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus UI - D000083123 MN - B3.300.390.400.800.750.100.750 MN - B3.353.500.750.750.100.750 MN - B3.510.100.750.750.100.750 MN - B3.510.400.790.750.100.750 MS - Isolates of the Staphylococcus aureus that are resistant to the antibiotic VANCOMYCIN. The S. aureus becomes resistant by acquiring plasmids carrying genes for VANCOMYCIN RESISTANCE. Vancomycin‐intermediate S. aureus has low-level vancomycin resistance requiring an intermediate concentration of vancomycin between sensitive and resistant isolates. These S. aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin and related GLYCOPEPTIDE antibiotics are often seen in HEALTHCARE ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS. AN - infection: coordinate with STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTIONS or specifics HN - 2021 BX - Glycopeptide-Intermediate S. aureus BX - Glycopeptide-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus BX - Glycopeptide-Resistant S. aureus BX - Glycopeptide-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus BX - Vancomycin-Intermediate S. aureus BX - Vancomycin-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus BX - Vancomycin-Resistant S. aureus FX - Vancomycin Resistance MH - Vertebral Body UI - D000083442 MN - A2.835.232.834.946 MS - Main portion of the vertebra which bears majority of the weight. HN - 2021 BX - Cancellous Centra BX - Cancellous Centrum BX - Spinous Processes BX - Transverse Processes BX - Vertebral Arch BX - Vertebral Arch Pedicles BX - Vertebral Centra BX - Vertebral Centrum BX - Vertebral Lamina BX - Vertebral Pedicles MH - Vestibulocochlear Physiological Phenomena UI - D000084323 MN - G7.888 MS - Processes and properties of the VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR SYSTEM and the CRANIAL NERVE VIII. HN - 2021 BX - Auditory Physiology BX - Vestibulocochlear Physiological Phenomenon BX - Vestibulocochlear Physiology MH - Viral Envelope UI - D000086942 MN - A21.249.750 MS - Bilayer lipid membrane acquired by VIRAL PARTICLES during VIRAL MORPHOGENESIS. Although the LIPIDS of the viral envelope are host derived, various virus-encoded INTEGRAL MEMBRANE PROTEINS, i.e. VIRAL ENVELOPE PROTEINS are incorporated there. HN - 2021 BX - Virus Envelope MH - Viral Genome Packaging UI - D000086482 MN - G6.920.925.950.500 MS - Folding of the viral genomic nucleic acid into the VIRUS PARTICLE. HN - 2021 BX - Packaging, Viral BX - Viral Packaging BX - Virus Genome Packaging MH - Viral Packaging Sequence UI - D000086502 MN - G2.111.570.80.689.905 MN - G5.360.80.611.500 MN - G5.360.80.689.905 MS - Specific sequences in the viral nucleic acid that are involved in packaging the viral genome (VIRAL GENOME PACKAGING) into the VIRUS PARTICLES. HN - 2021 BX - Psi-RNA Packaging Signal BX - Viral Packaging RNA Sequence BX - Viral Packaging Signal Sequence BX - Viral RNA Packaging Signal BX - Viral RNA Packaging Signal Sequence BX - Virus Packaging Sequence BX - Virus Packaging Signal Sequence MH - Viral Papain-like Proteases UI - D000086062 MN - D8.811.277.656.262.500.896 MN - D8.811.277.656.979.750 MN - D12.776.964.900.500.750 MS - A subclass of cysteine endopeptidases found in VIRUSES that share structural similarities with PAPAIN. HN - 2021 MH - Viral Protease Inhibitors UI - D000084762 MN - D27.505.519.389.745.900 MS - Compounds that specifically inhibit PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES that are encoded by VIRUSES. HN - 2021 BX - Inhibitor of Viral Protease BX - Virus Protease Inhibitors MH - Viral Proteases UI - D000085242 MN - D8.811.277.656.979 MN - D12.776.964.900.500 MS - A broad category of proteolytic enzymes that are produced by VIRUSES. They play a role in the viral life cycle by processing viral proteins and possibly acting on host cell proteins. HN - 2021 BX - Viral Peptidases BX - Viral Peptide Hydrolases BX - Viral Proteolytic Enzymes MH - Viral Replicase Complex Proteins UI - D000086902 MN - D8.811.600.948 MN - D12.776.964.900.750 MS - Viral genome-encoded enzymes that facilitate the replication of RNA VIRUSES. HN - 2021 BX - Viral Replicase Proteins BX - Viral Replicases BX - Viral RNA Polymerases MH - Viral Replication Compartments UI - D000086969 MN - A11.284.420.390.500 MN - G6.920.400.500 MS - Sites in the host cell where the virus induces the formation of cellular assemblies for the replication of the VIRAL GENOME. HN - 2021 BX - Coronavirus Double-Membrane Vesicles BX - Coronavirus Replication-Transcription Compartments BX - Coronavirus Replication-Transcription Complexes BX - Coronavirus RTC BX - Double-Membrane Vesicles, Virus-Induced BX - Positive Strand RNA Virus Replication-Transcription Complexes BX - Positive-Strand RNA Virus Replication-Transcription Compartments BX - Viral Factories BX - Viral Factory BX - Viral Replication Centers BX - Virogenic Stroma BX - Viroplasm BX - Virus Factories BX - Virus Factory BX - Virus Replication Centers BX - Virus Replication Compartments BX - Virus-Induced Double-Membrane Vesicles BX - Zippered Endoplasmic Reticulum Double-Membrane Spherules FX - Virus Replication MH - Viral Transcription UI - D000087002 MN - G2.111.873.875 MS - The biosynthesis of subgenomic viral RNAs, transcribed from the VIRAL GENOME. HN - 2021 BX - Early Gene Transcription, Viral BX - Early Gene Transcription, Virus BX - Late Gene Transcription, Viral BX - Late Gene Transcription, Virus BX - Transcription, Viral BX - Virus Transcription FX - Gene Products, rev FX - Gene Products, tat FX - Gene Products, tax FX - Genes, pX FX - Genes, rev FX - Genes, tat MH - Viral Zoonoses UI - D000086965 MN - C1.925.933 MN - C1.973.500 MN - C22.969.500 MS - Viral infections that may be transmitted between non-human animals and HUMANS. AN - not a routine coordinate for every zoonotic viral infection; index only when discussed; coordinate with specific infection term and with animal disease term if pertinent HN - 2021 BX - Viral Zoonosis BX - Viral Zoonotic Disease BX - Viral Zoonotic Diseases BX - Viral Zoonotic Infections BX - Zoonotic Spillover, Viral BX - Zoonotic Viral Infections MH - Virome UI - D000083422 MN - G6.591.968 MN - G16.500.275.157.49.100.500.968 MN - N6.230.124.49.100.500.937 MS - All of the VIRUSES that exist within a particular biological niche such as an organism or specific location of the organism, soil, a body of water, etc. HN - 2021 BX - Phageome BX - Viral Microbiome BX - Virus Microbiome MH - Viroporin Proteins UI - D000086082 MN - D12.776.964.970.880.970 MS - Viral proteins that assemble into oligomeric ION CHANNELS which can facilitate the transfer of viral materials across the CELL MEMBRANE. HN - 2021 BX - Viral Pore-Forming Proteins BX - Viroporin BX - Viroporins MH - Voice Recognition UI - D000087024 MN - F2.463.593.71.937.500 MN - F2.463.593.524.250.750 MN - G7.888.125.937.500 MS - Ability to identify an individual vocal patterns and expressions. HN - 2021 BX - Voice Emotion Recognition BX - Voice Identification FX - Speech Perception FX - Speech Recognition Software MH - Waiting Rooms UI - D000085925 MN - J3.985 MN - N2.278.956 MS - Area for the use of persons such as clients, patients or visitors before an appointment or service. HN - 2021 BX - Waiting Room MH - Warburg Effect, Oncologic UI - D000082802 MN - C4.697.98.500.580 MN - C23.550.727.98.500.580 MN - G2.111.158.750.500 MN - G3.191.750.500 MN - G3.197.810 MN - G3.295.436.500 MN - G3.493.360.500 MN - G4.270.810 MS - An observation in neoplastic cellular transformation, characterized by an increased glucose uptake via glycolytic activities resulting in an increased LACTATE production under aerobic microenvironment. HN - 2021 BX - Aerobic Glycolysis, Oncologic MH - Water Insecurity UI - D000085222 MN - G7.203.100.418.750 MN - J2.200.418.750 MS - The lack of reliable access to adequate quantities of acceptable quality water for sustaining livelihoods, human and well-being. (from https://www.unwater.org/publications accessed3/34/2020) HN - 2021 BX - Water Scarcity MH - Workhouses UI - D000082483 MN - I1.880.787.190.500.500 MN - J3.340.30.500 MS - An establishment offering relief for the destitute poor in an area, funded from the local poor tax, which provided some combination of communal accommodation and a requirement for inmates, particularly the able-bodies, to perform work. (from Workhouses.org.uk accessed 12/11/2019) HN - 2021; use Poorhouses (1996-2020) BX - Poorhouses MH - Working Dogs UI - D000085682 MN - B1.50.50.116.906 MS - Dogs that are trained to perform practical tasks, as opposed to PETS or companion dogs. HN - 2021 BX - Detection Dogs BX - Guard Dogs BX - Guardian Dogs BX - Herding Dogs BX - Hunting Dogs BX - Military Dogs BX - Military Working Dogs BX - Police Dogs BX - Scent Detection Dogs BX - Search and Rescue Dogs BX - Sniffer Dogs MH - X-Linked Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy UI - D000083143 MN - C5.651.534.500.350.500 MN - C10.668.491.175.500.350.500 MN - C16.320.322.625.500 MN - C16.320.577.350.500 MS - Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy associated with mutations on emerin (EMD gene) or four and a half LIM domains 1 (FHL1 gene) both located on X chromosome. HN - 2021 BX - EDMD1 BX - Emerinopathy BX - Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy 1 BX - Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy 1, X-Linked BX - Muscular Dystrophy, Emery-Dreifuss, X-Linked BX - XMPMA MH - Xylophilus UI - D000086326 MN - B3.660.75.90.941 MS - A genus of gram-negative, aerobic BETAPROTEOBACTERIA in the order Burkholderiales that is a known cause of diseases in plants. HN - 2021