NEW (2015) MESH HEADINGS WITH SCOPE NOTES TOTAL 2015 NEW DESCRIPTORS = 310 MH - Abducens Nucleus UI - D065827 MN - A8.186.211.132.810.428.600.650.249 MN - A8.186.211.865.428.600.650.249 MS - A region in the PONTINE TEGMENTUM that is the nucleus of the ABDUCENS NERVE. HN - 2015 FX - Abducens Nerve MH - Absorption, Physicochemical UI - D065966 MN - G1.595.14.249 MN - G2.149.767.19.500 MN - G2.842.750.19.500 MS - The physical process of passing into, or being taken up or taken in by a substance. HN - 2015 FX - Absorption, Physiological MH - Absorption, Physiological UI - D065567 MN - G3.495.23.500 MN - G3.787.24.500 MN - G7.690.725.15.500 MS - Uptake of substances by the body, tissues, or cells. The uptake may occur by various forms of BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT or by simple DIFFUSION. HN - 2015 FX - Absorption, Physicochemical MH - Absorption, Radiation UI - D065638 MN - G1.595.14.249.500 MN - G1.750.124 MN - G2.149.767.19.500.500 MN - G2.842.750.19.500.500 MS - The uptake or transfer of energy from RADIATION. AN - coordinate with specific type of radiation if pertinent HN - 2015 FX - Spectrophotometry, Atomic FX - X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy MH - Acalypha UI - D065815 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.100.350.38 MS - Nettle-like plants in the subfamily Acalyphoideae. Acalypha is the largest genus in the Euphorbiaceae family. AN - coordinate with specific PLANT STRUCTURES term if pertinent; for use in therapy coordinate IM with PHYTOTHERAPY (IM) + disease/drug ther (IM) + PLANT PREPARATIONS or its indentations /ther use (IM or NIM) + specific plant chemical /ther use (IM) if pertinent HN - 2015 MH - Acetabuloplasty UI - D065526 MN - E4.555.39 MN - E4.680.38 MS - Surgical reconstruction of the ACETABULUM. HN - 2015 FX - Arthroplasty MH - Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase Inhibitors UI - D065086 MN - D27.505.519.389.89 MS - Compounds that bind to and inhibit the enzymatic activity of acetaldehyde dehydrogenases. HN - 2015 MH - Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors UI - D065087 MN - D27.505.519.562.61 MN - D27.505.519.625.120.69 MN - D27.505.696.577.120.69 MS - Compounds that block release of the neurotransmitter ACETYLCHOLINE. HN - 2015 MH - Activation, Metabolic UI - D065767 MN - G3.495.244.224 MN - G3.787.225.224 MN - G7.690.725.225.224 MS - The conversion of an exogenous substance by a biological system resulting in the production on an active metabolite. AN - restrict to chemical changes of exogenous substances; IM general only; coordinate NIM with specific drug /pharmacokin (IM) or /metab (IM) HN - 2015; use Biotransformation 1980-2014 BX - Metabolic Activation MH - Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure UI - D065290 MN - C6.552.308.500.750.249 MS - Sudden liver failure in the presence of underlying compensated chronic LIVER DISEASE (e.g., LIVER CIRRHOSIS; HEPATITIS; and liver injury and failure) due to a precipitating acute hepatic insult. HN - 2015 BX - Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) BX - Liver Failure, Acute-On-Chronic MH - Adenocarcinoma in Situ UI - D065311 MN - C4.557.470.200.25.14 MN - C4.557.470.200.240.124 MN - C23.149.249 MS - A lesion with cytological characteristics associated with invasive adenocarcinoma but the tumor cells are confined to the GLANDULAR EPITHELIAL CELLS of origin. Adenocarcinoma in situ of the CERVIX and the LUNG are the most common. HN - 2015 MH - Allesthesia UI - D066190 MN - C10.597.606.762.175 MN - C23.888.592.604.764.175 MN - F1.700.750.175 MS - A neurological disorder in which a sensory stimulus, usually tactile but more rarely other sensory modalities, is misperceived in a location distant from the original stimulus. AN - do not confuse with ALLIESTHESIA see INTEROCEPTION HN - 2015 BX - Allochiria MH - Amphiregulin UI - D066258 MN - D12.644.276.382.249 MN - D12.776.467.382.249 MN - D12.776.543.29 MN - D23.529.382.249 MS - An autocrine growth factor and mitogen for a broad range of target cells including EPITHELIAL CELLS; FIBROBLASTS and immune cells. It occurs as a membrane-bound protein that can be cleaved to release an active secreted form. HN - 2015 MH - Amylin Receptor Agonists UI - D065091 MN - D27.505.519.143 MN - D27.505.696.422.374 MS - Compounds that stimulate the activity of AMYMIN RECEPTORS. Included under this heading is the endogenous form of ISLET AMYLOID POLYPEPTIDE and synthetic compounds that mimic its effect. HN - 2015 MH - Animal Culling UI - D065136 MN - J1.40.90.500 MN - N6.850.780.200.112 MS - Selection and removal of individuals from a population or group. Culling is a common strategy with livestock and wildlife, used to control and eradicate diseases or pests, control population size, select for desired genetic characteristics, and maximize economic profit. HN - 2015 FX - Euthanasia, Animal MH - Anterior Cerebellar Commissure UI - D066240 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.390.500 MS - Bundle of MYELINATED NERVE FIBERS that connects the two CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES in the LAMINA TERMINALIS. It is located ventral to the SEPTAL NUCLEI, and caudal to the median PREOPTIC NUCLEUS. HN - 2015 MH - Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists UI - D065092 MN - D27.505.519.174 MN - D27.505.696.560.311 MS - Endogenous compounds and drugs that inhibit or block the activity of ANTIDUIRETIC HORMONE RECEPTORS. HN - 2015 MH - Antihyperkalemic Agents UI - D065067 MN - D27.505.696.560.374 MS - Compounds used to lower excessive POTASSIUM levels in the body. HN - 2015 MH - Aromatic Amino Acid Decarboxylase Inhibitors UI - D065105 MN - D27.505.519.389.124 MN - D27.505.954.427.90.50.249 MS - Compounds and drugs that block or inhibit the enzymatic action of AROMATIC AMINO ACID DECARBOXYLASES. Pharmaceutical agents in this category are used in conjunction with LEVODOPA in order to slow its metabolism. HN - 2015 MH - Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome UI - D065766 MN - C12.777.419.936.463.500 MN - C13.351.968.419.936.463.500 MN - C15.378.71.141.610.500 MN - C15.378.140.855.925.500.500 HN - 2015; use Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome 2010-2014 MH - Atypical Squamous Cells of the Cervix UI - D065309 MN - A11.436.123 MN - C4.834.818.249 MN - C13.351.500.852.593.74.249 MN - C23.149.500 MS - Morphological abnormalities of the cervical EPITHELIUM, usually revealed in PAP SMEAR, which do not meet the criteria for squamous CERVICAL INIRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA or SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAS of the CERVIX . It may be a sign of infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV).or sign of a benign (not cancer) growth, such as a cyst or polyp or, in menopausal women, of low hormone levels. More testing, such as HPV test, may be needed. HN - 2015 BX - Atypical Squamous Cells MH - Averrhoa UI - D065826 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.100.789.500 MS - Tropical trees in the family Oxalidaceae AN - coordinate with specific PLANT STRUCTURES term if pertinent; for use in therapy coordinate IM with PHYTOTHERAPY (IM) + disease/drug ther (IM) + PLANT PREPARATIONS or its indentations /ther use (IM or NIM) + specific plant chemical /ther use (IM) if pertinent HN - 2015 MH - Axillofemoral Bypass Grafting UI - D066254 MN - E4.35.112 MN - E4.100.814.334 MS - An extra-anatomic method of surgical revascularization in which the AXILLARY ARTERY is anastomosed to FEMORAL ARTERY. HN - 2015 MH - Barrington's Nucleus UI - D065835 MN - A8.186.211.132.810.428.600.67 MN - A8.186.211.865.428.600.67 MS - A nucleus in the pons with exon projections to the sacral parasympathetic nucleus associated with bladder control. HN - 2015 MH - Basal Forebrain UI - D066187 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.500.620.374 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.500.814.695.249 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.750.374 MS - The region of the telencephalon located rostral and ventral to the STRIATUM comprising AMYGDALA; SEPTAL NUCLEI; SUBSTANTIA INNOMINATA and ventral pallidum. HN - 2015; for ANTERIOR PERFORATED SUBSTANCE use OLFACTORY PATHWAYS 1972-2014 MH - Basolateral Nuclear Complex UI - D066272 MN - A8.186.211.464.90.500 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.249.152.500 MS - A set of amygdalar nuclei bordered laterally by the EXTERNAL CAPSULE and medially by the CENTRAL AMYGDALOID NUCLEUS. HN - 2015 BX - Amygdaloid Basolateral Complex BX - Basolateral Amygdala MH - Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo UI - D065635 MN - C9.218.568.900.883.500 MN - C10.597.951.500 MN - C23.888.592.958.500 MS - Idiopathic recurrent VERTIGO associated with POSITIONAL NYSTAGMUS. It is associated with a vestibular loss without other neurological or auditory signs. Unlike in LABYRINTHITIS and VESTIBULAR NEURONITIS inflammation in the ear is not observed. HN - 2015; use Vertigo 2010-2014 BX - Benign Recurrent Vertigo FX - Vestibular Neuronitis MH - beta-Lactamase Inhibitors UI - D065093 MN - D27.505.519.389.400 MN - D27.505.954.122.85.516 MS - Endogenous substances and drugs that inhibit or block the activity of BETA-LACTAMASES. HN - 2015 BX - beta Lactamase Inhibitors MH - Betacellulin UI - D066259 MN - D12.644.276.382.374 MN - D12.776.467.382.374 MN - D23.529.382.374 MS - An EGF family member that plays an important role in regulating growth and differentiation of PANCREATIC BETA CELLS. Betacellulin has specificity for the EGF RECEPTOR and the ERBB-4 RECEPTOR. HN - 2015 MH - Bioprospecting UI - D065132 MN - E5.114 MS - The systematic search and discovery of natural substances which may have potential commercial applications. HN - 2015 FX - Drug Discovery MH - Brachial Plexus Block UI - D065527 MN - E3.155.86.711.649 MS - A blocking of NEURAL CONDUCTION in the network of nerve fibers innervating the UPPER EXTREMITY. HN - 2015 FX - Brachial Plexus MH - Bradykinin B1 Receptor Antagonists UI - D065169 MN - D27.505.519.265.249 MS - Compounds and drugs that inhibit ligand binding or cellular signaling by BRADYKININ B1 RECEPTORS. HN - 2015 MH - Bradykinin B2 Receptor Antagonists UI - D065094 MN - D27.505.519.265.500 MN - D27.505.696.477.656.500.500 MS - Compounds and drugs that inhibit ligand binding or cellular signaling by BRADYKININ B2 RECEPTORS. HN - 2015 MH - Bradykinin Receptor Antagonists UI - D065168 MN - D27.505.519.265 MS - Compounds and drugs that inhibit ligand binding or cellular signaling by BRADYKININ RECEPTORS. HN - 2015 MH - Broca Area UI - D065711 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.500.270.700.500 MS - Functional neuroanatomical region of the inferior frontal gyrus consisting of pars opercularis and pars triangularis. It is important in SPEECH and LANGUAGE production. Injuries to Broca area are associated with BROCA APHASIA and APRAXIA. HN - 2015 (1982); use FRONTAL LOBE 1982-2014 FX - Wernicke Area MH - Calcineurin Inhibitors UI - D065095 MN - D27.505.519.389.174 MS - Compounds that inhibit or block the PHOSPHATASE activity of CALCINEURIN. HN - 2015 MH - Calcium Chelating Agents UI - D065096 MN - D27.505.519.914.500.204 MN - D27.720.832.500.204 MS - Substances that bind to and sequester CALCIUM ions. HN - 2015 MH - Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase I Activators UI - D065097 MN - D27.505.519.374.99 MS - Substances and drugs that stimulate the synthesis or increase the activity of CARBAMOYL PHOSPHATE SYNTHETASE I. Drugs in this class of compounds have been used to treat the genetic disorder, CARBAMOYL-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE I DEFICIENCY DISEASE. HN - 2015 MH - Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy UI - D066241 MN - E5.196.867.519.136 MS - Magnetic resonance spectroscopy involving detection of changes in the resonance of carbon-13 nuclei in organic molecules. HN - 2015 MH - Cardiotoxicity UI - D066126 MN - C23.550.161 MN - C25.100.389 MN - C26.733.266 MS - Damage to the heart or its function secondary to exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION. AN - coordinate NIM with specific heart disease (IM) if pertinent HN - 2015 MH - Catechol O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors UI - D065098 MN - D27.505.519.389.237 MN - D27.505.954.427.90.50.500 MS - Compounds and drugs that inhibit or block the activity of CATECHOL O-METHYLTRANSFERASE enzymes. Drugs in this class are used in management of central nervous system disorders such as PARKINSON DISEASE. HN - 2015 MH - CCR5 Receptor Antagonists UI - D065100 MN - D27.505.519.275 MN - D27.505.954.122.388.77.88.104 MS - Compounds and drugs that inhibit or block the activity of CCR5 RECEPTORS. HN - 2015 MH - Cell Body UI - D066146 MN - A11.284.74 MS - The portion of a cell that contains the NUCLEUS and CYTOPLASM but not CELL SURFACE EXTENSIONS such as FLAGELLA and NEURITES. HN - 2015 MH - Cellular Reprogramming UI - D065150 MN - G4.299.151.262 MN - G5.355.114 MS - A process where a fully differentiated or specialized cell is induced to transform into a different cell type that it would normally become under physiological conditions. AN - CELL TRANSDIFFERENTIATION is also available HN - 2015 FX - Cell Transdifferentiation FX - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells MH - Central Amygdaloid Nucleus UI - D066274 MN - A8.186.211.464.90.750 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.249.152.750 MS - A nucleus located in the caudal half of the amygdala. It is a primary region involved in controlling responses and receives many intrinsic GABAergic amygdaloid connections. HN - 2015 BX - Central Amygdala Nucleus MH - Cerebellar Vermis UI - D065814 MN - A8.186.211.132.810.428.200.212.299 MN - A8.186.211.865.428.200.212.299 MS - A subregion of the CEREBELLAR CORTEX, located along the midsagittal plane of the CEREBELLUM. HN - 2015 MH - Cerebral Crus UI - D065843 MN - A8.186.211.132.659.413.437 MN - A8.186.211.653.413.249 MS - Anterior portion of the cerebral peduncle which contains the motor tracts. HN - 2015 MH - Cerebral Peduncle UI - D065850 MN - A8.186.211.132.659.413 MN - A8.186.211.653.413 MS - Ventral portion of the mesencephalon including the MIDBRAIN TEGMENTUM; CRUS CEREBRI; and the PRETECTUM. It does not include tectum mesencephali and TROCHLEAR NERVE. HN - 2015; use Tegmentum Mesencephali 2008-2014 BX - Cerebral Peduncles MH - Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak UI - D065634 MN - C10.597.114 MN - C10.900.300.109 MN - C23.888.592.114 MN - C26.260.147 MN - C26.915.300.225 MS - Discharge of cerebrospinal fluid through a hole through the skull bone most commonly draining from the nose (CEREBROSPINAL FLUID RHINORRHEA) or the ear (CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OTORRHEA). HN - 2015; use CEREBROSPINAL FLUID RHINORRHEA 2010-2014 MH - Cervical Cord UI - D066193 MN - A8.186.854.126 MS - The segment of the spinal cord within the CERVICAL VERTEBRAE. HN - 2015 MH - Cervical Plexus Block UI - D066008 MN - E3.155.86.711.824 MS - A blocking of NEURAL CONDUCTION in the network of nerve fibers innervating the neck and shoulder. HN - 2015 FX - Cervical Plexus MH - Chikungunya Fever UI - D065632 MN - C2.782.930.100.184 MS - An acute infection caused by a mosquito-borne alphavirus CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS characterized by RASH; FEVER; JOINT PAINS; CONJUNCTIVITIS; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; LYMPHOPENIA; and THROMBOCYTOPENIA. HN - 2015; use under CHIKUNGUNYA FEVER 2010-2014 MH - Chloride Channel Agonists UI - D065101 MN - D27.505.519.562.311 MS - A class of drugs that stimulate chloride ion influx through cell membrane channels. HN - 2015 MH - Circuit-Based Exercise UI - D065327 MN - G11.427.590.530.698.277.61 MN - I3.350.61 MS - Alternating sets of exercise that work out different muscle groups and that also alternate between aerobic and anaerobic exercises, which, when combined together, offer an overall program to improve strength, stamina, balance, or functioning. HN - 2015 FX - Exercise Therapy MH - Circumventricular Organs UI - D066280 MN - A6.688.178 MN - A8.713.49 MS - Highly vascularized and specialized tissues distributed principally along the midline of the VENTRICULAR SYSTEM from the FOREBRAIN to the HINDBRAIN. They are distinguished by their lack of normal BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER and fenestrated capillaries and contain either neurosecretory neurons or chemoreceptors. HN - 2015; for NEUROHEMAL ORGAN use NEUROSECRETORY SYSTEMS (1984-2014) BX - Neurohemal Organ MH - Citrullus colocynthis UI - D065986 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.100.300.140.500 MS - A plant species of the family CUCURBITACEAE distributed tropically and subtropically mainly in North Africa and Asia. It is a medicinal plant of TRADITIONAL MEDICINE and well known in ancient medicine as the wild gourd. AN - coordinate with specific PLANT STRUCTURES term if pertinent; for use in therapy coordinate IM with PHYTOTHERAPY (IM) + disease/drug ther (IM) + PLANT PREPARATIONS or its indentations/ ther use (IM or NIM) + specific plant chemical /ther use (IM) if pertinent HN - 2015 MH - College Fraternities and Sororities UI - D065822 MN - N3.540.162 MS - Local or national organizations of college students, primarily for social purposes, usually with secret initiations and rites and a name composed of two or three Greek letters. HN - 2015 FX - Students MH - Commissural Interneurons UI - D066294 MN - A8.675.358.350 MN - A11.671.358.212 MS - INTERNEURONS with projections to the contralateral side of the SPINAL CORD. Both excitatory and inhibitory interneurons are involved in coordinating alternative left-right activities during LOCOMOTION. HN - 2015 FX - Central Pattern Generators MH - Common Data Elements UI - D065709 MN - L1.453.245.945.119 MS - Data elements that are common to multiple data sets across different studies. HN - 2015 MH - Congenital Microtia UI - D065817 MN - C9.218.235 MN - C16.131.287 MS - Malformation of external portion of EAR AURICLE. HN - 2015 MH - Controlled Before-After Studies UI - D065187 MN - E5.318.760.500.812 MN - N5.715.360.775.175.262 MN - N6.850.520.450.500.812 MS - A study in which observations are made before and after an intervention, both in a group that receives the intervention and in a control group that does not. HN - 2015 MH - Corneal Injuries UI - D065306 MN - C11.204.284 MN - C11.297.374 MN - C26.260.275.250.124 MS - Damage or trauma inflicted to the CORNEA by external means. HN - 2015 MH - Corticomedial Nuclear Complex UI - D066276 MN - A8.186.211.464.90.875 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.249.152.875 MS - The rostral part of the amygdala with cortical-like layered structure. It receives major inputs from the OLFACTORY BULB and PIRIFORM CORTEX. HN - 2015 BX - Nucleus of Lateral Olfactory Tract MH - Costal Cartilage UI - D066186 MN - A2.165.407.325 MS - Bars of HYALINE CARTILAGE extending from the anterior ends of the upper RIBS. They attach to the STERNUM directly or indirectly by connecting to upper costal cartilage that attaches to the STERNUM. Costal cartilages extend the ribs anteriorly and contribute to the enhanced elasticity of the THORACIC WALL. HN - 2015 MH - Courage UI - D066279 MN - F1.470.257 MS - State of mind or spirit that enables one to act in the face of perceived danger, difficulty, or pain. HN - 2015 FX - Morale MH - Craving UI - D066249 MN - F1.658.293.195 MS - An intense, urgent, or abnormal desire or longing (for food, drugs, alcohol, etc.) HN - 2015 FX - Appetite MH - Cryptoxanthins UI - D065366 MN - D2.455.326.271.665.202.868.374 MN - D2.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.887.374 MN - D2.455.849.131.868.374 MN - D23.767.261.887.374 MS - Mono-hydroxylated xanthophylls formed from the hydroxylation of BETA-CAROTENE. Isomers include: beta-cryptoxanthin, alpha-cryptoxanthin, and zeinoxanthin. The alpha- and beta-cryptoxanthin are provitamin A precursors. HN - 2015 MH - Culturally Competent Care UI - D065246 MN - N4.590.374.52 MN - N5.300.206 MS - Health care services that are respectful of and responsive to the health beliefs, practices and cultural and linguistic needs of diverse patients. The provider and the patient each bring their individual learned patterns of language and culture to the health care experience which must be transcended to achieve equal access and quality health care. HN - 2015 FX - Clinical Competence FX - Cultural Competency MH - Cuniculidae UI - D065469 MN - B1.50.150.900.649.865.373 MS - A family of large (20 to 30 inches long) plant eating rodents found in Central and South America. They are nearly tailless and have chunky bodies, dark brown fur with spotted lines along their sides and back, with stout legs and hind limbs that are longer than the forelimbs, and a large, square head with short ears. AN - do not confuse entry term AGOUTIDAE with AGOUTIS see DASYPROCTIDAE HN - 2015 MH - Cutaneous Elimination UI - D066238 MN - G3.787.273 MN - G7.690.725.273 MN - G13.750.829.159 MS - The discharge of substances from the blood supply to the glands of the skin and excretion in the SWEAT and SEBUM. AN - do not confuse with SWEATING HN - 2015 FX - Sweating MH - Cystine Depleting Agents UI - D065104 MN - D27.505.519.334 MS - Compounds and drugs that react with CYSTINE and convert it into a compound that can be more easily metabolized or intracellularly transported. Drugs in this class have been used to treat CYSTINOSIS. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inducers UI - D065694 MN - D27.505.389.249.120 MN - D27.505.519.349.120 MS - Drugs and compounds that induce the synthesis of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP1A2. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inhibitors UI - D065609 MN - D27.505.389.500.120 MN - D27.505.519.389.335.120 MS - Drugs and compounds which inhibit or antagonize the biosynthesis or actions of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP1A2. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1 UI - D065633 MN - D8.244.453.40.500 MN - D8.811.682.690.708.170.40.500 MN - D12.776.422.220.453.40.500 MS - A cytochrome P450 aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase that has specificity for ESTROGENS which it converts into 4-hydroxy estrogens. CYP1B1 has been shown to be physiologically important for FETAL DEVELOPMENT with mutations in the CYP1B1 gene resulting in congenital forms of GLAUCOMA and Peter's anomaly. AN - /antag: coordinate with CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYME INHIBITORS HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6 UI - D065637 MN - D8.244.453.100 MN - D8.811.682.690.708.170.100 MN - D12.776.422.220.453.100 MS - A cytochrome P450 enzyme that has specificity for the 7-hydroxylation of coumarin. HN - 2015 BX - Cytochrome P-450 CYP-2A3 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6 UI - D065702 MN - D8.244.453.40.575 MN - D8.811.682.690.708.170.40.575 MN - D12.776.422.220.453.40.575 MS - A cytochrome P450 enzyme subtype that oxidizes a diverse array of XENOBIOTICS. The expression of CYP2B6 varies widely between individuals which is due to the high rate of GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS. Examples of drugs metabolized by CYP2B6 include BUPROPION; efavirenz; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; and MEPERIDINE. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6 Inducers UI - D065695 MN - D27.505.389.249.260 MN - D27.505.519.349.260 MS - Drugs and compounds that induce the synthesis of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP2B6. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6 Inhibitors UI - D065686 MN - D27.505.389.500.260 MN - D27.505.519.389.335.260 MS - Drugs and compounds which inhibit or antagonize the biosynthesis or actions of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP2B6. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 UI - D065731 MN - D8.244.453.500.700 MN - D8.811.682.690.708.170.500.700 MN - D12.776.422.220.453.500.700 MS - A cytochrome P-450 enzyme subtype that oxidizes several important groups of drugs including many PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS and ANTICONVULSANTS. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inducers UI - D065697 MN - D27.505.389.249.350 MN - D27.505.519.349.350 MS - Drugs and compounds that induce the synthesis of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP2C19. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inhibitors UI - D065689 MN - D27.505.389.500.319 MN - D27.505.519.389.335.319 MS - Drugs and compounds which inhibit or antagonize the biosynthesis or actions of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP2C19. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 UI - D065727 MN - D8.244.453.40.590 MN - D8.811.682.690.708.170.40.590 MN - D12.776.422.220.453.40.590 MS - A liver microsomal cytochrome P450 hydroxylase that oxidizes a broad spectrum of substrates including STEROIDS, FATTY ACIDS, and XENOBIOTICS. Examples of pharmaceutical substrates for CYP2C8 include; PACLITAXOL; torsemide; and; AMODIAQUINE HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 Inducers UI - D065696 MN - D27.505.389.249.308 MN - D27.505.519.349.308 MS - Drugs and compounds that induce the synthesis of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP2C8. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 Inhibitors UI - D065687 MN - D27.505.389.500.308 MN - D27.505.519.389.335.308 MS - Drugs and compounds which inhibit or antagonize the biosynthesis or actions of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP2C8. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 UI - D065729 MN - D8.244.453.500.500 MN - D8.811.682.690.708.170.500.500 MN - D12.776.422.220.453.500.500 MS - A cytochrome P-450 subtype that has specificity for acidic XENOBIOTICS. It oxidizes a broad range of important clinical drugs that fall under the categories of NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS; HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS; ANTCOAGULANTS; and DIURETICS. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Inducers UI - D065698 MN - D27.505.389.249.320 MN - D27.505.519.349.320 MS - Drugs and compounds that induce the synthesis of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP2C9. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Inhibitors UI - D065688 MN - D27.505.389.500.315 MN - D27.505.519.389.335.329 MS - Drugs and compounds which inhibit or antagonize the biosynthesis or actions of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP2C9. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inducers UI - D065699 MN - D27.505.389.249.500 MN - D27.505.519.349.500 MS - Drugs and compounds that induce the synthesis of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP2D6. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors UI - D065690 MN - D27.505.389.500.368 MN - D27.505.519.389.335.368 MS - Drugs and compounds which inhibit or antagonize the biosynthesis or actions of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP2D6. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 Inducers UI - D065700 MN - D27.505.389.249.600 MN - D27.505.519.349.600 MS - Drugs and compounds that induce the synthesis of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP2E1. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 Inhibitors UI - D065691 MN - D27.505.389.500.421 MN - D27.505.519.389.335.421 MS - Drugs and compounds which inhibit or antagonize the biosynthesis or actions of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP2E1. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inducers UI - D065701 MN - D27.505.389.249.700 MN - D27.505.519.349.700 MS - Drugs and compounds that induce the synthesis of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors UI - D065692 MN - D27.505.389.500.503 MN - D27.505.519.389.335.503 MS - Drugs and compounds which inhibit or antagonize the biosynthesis or actions of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A. HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inducers UI - D065693 MN - D27.505.389.249 MN - D27.505.519.349 MS - Drugs and compounds that induce the synthesis of CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYMES. AN - general or unspecified; note specifics treed here HN - 2015 MH - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors UI - D065607 MN - D27.505.389.500 MN - D27.505.519.389.335 MS - Drugs and compounds which inhibit or antagonize the biosynthesis or actions of CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYMES. AN - general or unspecified; note specifics treed here HN - 2015 MH - Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures UI - D065426 MN - E4.166 MS - Operative procedures carried out to reduce a mass of tissue, for example, to reduce the total amount of tissue composing a tumor. HN - 2015 MH - Dasyproctidae UI - D065468 MN - B1.50.150.900.649.865.419 MS - A family of Central and South American plant-eating rodents comprising the agoutis (Dasyprocta) and acouchis (Myoprocta). They look similar to guinea pigs (CAVIA) but are larger and have longer legs. Their fur is reddish or dark brown. AN - do not confuse entry term Agoutis with AGOUTIDAE see CUNICULIDAE HN - 2015 MH - Data Curation UI - D066289 MN - L1.453.245.332 MN - L1.700.568.500 MS - Management activities required to maintain research data to ensure that they are fit for contemporary use and available for discovery and reuse. HN - 2015 MH - Datasets as Topic UI - D066264 MN - E5.318.308.56 MN - L1.280.224 MN - L1.470.750.750.431 MN - L1.700.508.300.188.400.500 MN - N5.715.360.300.224 MN - N6.850.520.308.56 MS - Description or design of an organized collection of data from research projects, stored permanently in a formalized manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing. AN - use only for datasets as a subject; do not confuse with Publication Type DATASET HN - 2015 BX - Dataset as Topic MH - Delay Discounting UI - D065786 MN - F2.463.785.373.346.700 MS - The tendency to devalue an outcome as a function of its temporal delay or probability of achievement. It can be evaluated in a psychological paradigm that involves the choice between receiving a smaller immediate reward or a larger delayed reward, and may be used to provide a measure of impulsive behavior. HN - 2015 FX - Impulsive Behavior FX - Reward MH - Demulcents UI - D065106 MN - D27.505.954.158.515 MN - D27.505.954.483.534 MN - D27.505.954.796.210 MN - D27.720.877.156 MS - Compounds that form soothing films on the surface of MUCOUS MEMBRANES. They are generally used as agents to protect the integrity of internal EPITHELIUM. HN - 2015 MH - Diet, Paleolithic UI - D066046 MN - E2.642.249.275 MN - G7.610.240.275 MS - A nutritional plan based on the presumed diet of pre-agricultural human ancestors. It consists mainly of MEAT, EGGS, NUTS, roots and fresh VEGETABLES and FRUITS, and excludes GRAIN, LEGUMES, DAIRY PRODUCTS, and refined DIETARY SUGARS. HN - 2015 MH - Diet, Western UI - D066273 MN - G7.610.240.958 MS - A pattern of food consumption adopted mainly by the people of North America and Western Europe. It is mainly characterized by high intake of MEAT, processed grains, DIETARY SUGARS, DAIRY PRODUCTS, and DIETARY FATS. HN - 2015 BX - Western Diet MH - Diving Reflex UI - D065508 MN - E1.370.376.550.650.324 MN - E1.370.600.550.650.324 MN - G9.330.190.340 MN - G11.561.600.765.189 MS - BREATH HOLDING; VASOCONSTRICTION; and a drop in HEART RATE in response to submersion of the face in cold water. HN - 2015 MH - Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists UI - D065127 MN - D27.505.519.625.150.175.500 MN - D27.505.696.577.150.175.500 MS - Compounds and drugs that bind to and inhibit or block the activation of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS. HN - 2015 MH - Dorsal Raphe Nucleus UI - D065847 MN - A8.186.211.132.659.413.875.618.249 MN - A8.186.211.653.413.500.618.249 MS - The dorsal region of the raphe nucleus which is a source of the SEROTONERGIC NEURONS innervating the TELENCEPHALON; DIENCEPHALON; MESENCEPHALON; and RHOMBENCEPHALON. HN - 2015 MH - Drug Liberation UI - D065546 MN - G2.842.750.570 MN - G3.787.321 MN - G7.690.725.321 MS - Release of drugs from DOSAGE FORMS into solution. HN - 2015 FX - Solubility MH - Edinger-Westphal Nucleus UI - D065839 MN - A8.186.211.132.659.413.875.381.500 MN - A8.186.211.653.413.500.381.500 MS - Nucleus in the oculomotor nuclear complex associated with oculomotor activities and stress adaptation. HN - 2015 BX - Parvocellular Oculomotor Nucleus MH - EGF Family of Proteins UI - D066255 MN - D12.644.276.382 MN - D12.776.467.382 MN - D23.529.382 MS - A family of proteins that are related to epidermal growth factor. They share in common a consensus sequence consisting of six spatially conserved CYSTEINE residues which form three intramolecular bonds. This consensus sequence is commonly referred to EGF motif and is considered essential for binding of the proteins to ERB RECEPTORS. HN - 2015; for EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTORS use EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR 1981-2014 MH - Electronic Cigarettes UI - D066300 MN - J1.637.847.500 MS - Electronic devices that are designed to provide NICOTINE in the form of an inhaled aerosol. They typically are made in the shape of CIGARETTES in order to simulate the experience of CIGARETTE SMOKING. HN - 2015 FX - Tobacco Products MH - Endothelial Progenitor Cells UI - D066026 MN - A11.148.174 MN - A11.436.275.182 MN - A11.872.205 MS - Cells derived from BONE MARROW that circulate in the adult bloodstream and possess the potential to proliferate and differentiate into mature ENDOTHELIAL CELLS. HN - 2015 MH - Endothelin A Receptor Antagonists UI - D065130 MN - D27.505.519.364.500 MS - Compounds and drugs that bind to and inhibit or block the activation of ENDOTHELIN A RECECPTORS. HN - 2015 MH - Endothelin B Receptor Antagonists UI - D065131 MN - D27.505.519.364.750 MS - Compounds and drugs that bind to and inhibit or block the activation of ENDOTHELIN B RECEPTORS. HN - 2015 MH - Endothelin Receptor Antagonists UI - D065128 MN - D27.505.519.364 MS - Compounds and drugs that bind to and inhibit or block the activation of ENDOTHELIN RECECPTORS. HN - 2015 MH - Ephemeroptera UI - D065133 MN - B1.50.500.131.617.104 MS - An Order of aquatic INSECTS comprising about 2,500 species worldwide. It is the only insect group with two flying stages, each with relatively large forewings. The immature stage called "naiad" or "nymph" lasts one year in fresh water, and the adult stage is shortlived, lasting from a few minutes to a few days, depending on the species. The Ephemeroptera includes mayflies (also called shadflies) AN - for killing Ephemeroptera with insecticides, see note at INSECTICIDES HN - 2015 MH - Epigen UI - D066261 MN - D12.644.276.382.531 MN - D12.776.467.382.531 MN - D23.529.382.531 MS - An EGF family member that is synthesized as a membrane-bound protein that can be cleaved to release an active secreted form. It has a mitogenic effect on EPITHELIAL CELLS. HN - 2015 MH - Epiregulin UI - D066260 MN - D12.644.276.382.562 MN - D12.776.467.382.562 MN - D23.529.382.562 MS - A member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family of peptide growth factors that is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form. Epiregulin has specificity for the EGF RECEPTOR and the ERBB-4 RECEPTOR. HN - 2015 MH - ErbB Receptors UI - D066246 MN - D8.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.09 MN - D12.776.543.750.60.09 MN - D12.776.543.750.750.400.74 MS - A family of structurally-related cell-surface receptors that signal through an intrinsic PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE. The receptors are activated upon binding of specific ligands which include EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTORS, and NEUREGULINS. HN - 2015 BX - Receptors, Epidermal Growth Factor-Urogastrone FX - Genes, erbB MH - Estrogen Receptor Antagonists UI - D065171 MN - D6.347.295.500 MN - D27.505.696.399.450.327.650 MS - Compounds and drugs that bind to and block or inhibit the activation of ESTROGEN RECEPTORS. AN - do not confuse with ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS HN - 2015 MH - Ethnic Cleansing UI - D065811 MN - I1.198.240.903.74 MN - I1.880.735.304.500 MN - I1.880.735.900.575.500 MN - I1.880.735.944.903.74 MS - Expulsion of a population from a given territory due to religious or ethnic discrimination, political, strategic or ideological considerations, or a combination of these. HN - 2015; use under GENOCIDE 2014 MH - Euterpe UI - D065748 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.100.93.480 MS - A genus in the family Arecaceae. They are a source of ACAI BERRIES. AN - coordinate with specific PLANT STRUCTURES term if pertinent; for use in therapy coordinate IM with PHYTOTHERAPY (IM) + disease/drug ther (IM) + PLANT PREPARATIONS or its indentations /ther use (IM or NIM) + specific plant chemical /ther use (IM) if pertinent HN - 2015; use ARECACEAE 2004-2014 BX - Acai Berries MH - External Capsule UI - D066271 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.385 MS - Thin layer of WHITE MATTER mostly of GABAERGIC NEURONS located between the PUTAMEN and the CLAUSTRUM. HN - 2015 MH - Extracellular Traps UI - D065206 MN - A11.284.295.495 MS - Extracellular structure primarily composed of CHROMATIN and associated PROTEASES. HN - 2015 BX - Neutrophil Extracellular Traps FX - Extracellular Matrix Proteins FX - Neutrophils MH - Facial Nucleus UI - D065828 MN - A8.186.211.132.810.428.600.650.374 MN - A8.186.211.865.428.600.650.374 MS - A region in the pontine tegmentum that is the nucleus of the FACIAL NERVE. HN - 2015 FX - Facial Nerve MH - Factor Xa Inhibitors UI - D065427 MN - D27.505.519.389.745.800.449.500 MN - D27.505.954.502.119.500.500 MS - Endogenous factors and drugs that inhibit or block the activity of FACTOR XA. HN - 2015 MH - Familial Primary Pulmonary Hypertension UI - D065627 MN - C8.381.423.847 MS - Familial or idiopathic hypertension in the PULMONARY CIRCULATION which is not secondary to other disease. HN - 2015; use HYPERTENSION, PULMONARY 2010-2014 MH - Flower Essences UI - D065829 MN - D20.215.784.500.87 MN - D26.667.249 MS - Aqueous extracts of flowers that are used in healing systems. HN - 2015 BX - Bach Flower Remedies FX - Phytotherapy MH - Fluorine-19 Magnetic Resonance Imaging UI - D066235 MN - E1.370.350.825.500.350 MS - Magnetic resonance imaging diagnostic technique which uses fluorine-19 perfluorocarbon probes and contrast agents for high resolution image detection and quantitation. HN - 2015 MH - Forests UI - D065928 MN - G16.500.275.157.437 MN - N6.230.124.343 MS - An ecosystem dominated by trees and other woody vegetation. HN - 2015; use Trees 1983-2014 FX - Trees FX - Wood MH - Frankincense UI - D065260 MN - D5.750.78.840.490 MN - D20.215.721.500.354 MS - Resin exudate from certain trees of the genus BOSWELLIA in the BURSERACEAE family. HN - 2015; use BOSWELLIA 2002-2014 BX - Olibanum MH - Gamma Rhythm UI - D065818 MN - E1.370.376.300.150.906 MN - E1.370.405.245.287.906 MN - G7.265.87.906 MN - G11.561.127.906 MS - Brain waves characterized by a relatively high voltage or amplitude and a frequency of approximately 30-100 Hz. They are primarily observed during network engagement and sensory processing activities, during both waking and sleeping states. HN - 2015 MH - Gastric Absorption UI - D065570 MN - G3.495.23.500.374.249 MN - G3.787.24.500.374.249 MN - G7.610.593.345.249 MN - G7.690.725.15.500.374.249 MN - G10.261.326.305.249 MS - Uptake of substances via the stomach. HN - 2015 MH - Gastrointestinal Absorption UI - D065569 MN - G3.495.23.500.374 MN - G3.787.24.500.374 MN - G7.610.593.345 MN - G7.690.725.15.500.374 MN - G10.261.326.305 MS - Uptake of substances via the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. HN - 2015 FX - Administration, Oral MH - Glossoptosis UI - D065710 MN - C7.465.910.411 MS - Posterior displacement of the TONGUE toward the PHARYNX. It is often a feature in syndromes such as in PIERRE ROBIN SYNDROME and DOWN SYNDROME and associated with AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION during sleep (OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEAS). HN - 2015 MH - Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors UI - D065089 MN - D27.505.519.389.320 MN - D27.505.696.422.249 MS - Compounds that inhibit or block the activity of GLYCOSIDE HYDROLASES such as ALPHA-AMYLASES and APHA-GLUCOSIDASES. HN - 2015 BX - alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors MH - Grassland UI - D065948 MN - G16.500.275.157.531 MN - N6.230.124.390 MS - An ecosystem dominated by grasses (POACEAE) with few trees or shrubs. HN - 2015 BX - Meadows BX - Prairie BX - Savanna BX - Steppe MH - Gray Matter UI - D066128 MN - A8.186.211.168 MN - A8.186.854.348 MS - Region of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that appears darker in color than the other type, WHITE MATTER. It is composed of neuronal CELL BODIES; NEUROPIL; GLIAL CELLS and CAPILLARIES but few MYELINATED NERVE FIBERS. HN - 2015 FX - Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated MH - Grounded Theory UI - D066296 MN - H1.770.644.241.424 MS - The generation of theories from analysis of empirical data. HN - 2015 MH - Health Information Exchange UI - D066275 MN - E5.318.308.940.968.625.500.500 MN - L1.313.500.500 MN - L1.399.500.500 MN - L1.700.253 MS - Organizational framework for the dissemination of electronic healthcare information or clinical data, across health-related institutions and systems. Its overall purpose is to enhance PATIENT CARE. HN - 2015 MH - Health Services for Persons with Disabilities UI - D066086 MN - N2.421.314 MS - Health services and access for DISABLED PERSONS. Disabilities include impairments, activity limitations, or participation restrictions, and reflect the interaction between the individual with the disability and personal and environmental factors. HN - 2015 FX - Disabled Persons MH - Hemimegalencephaly UI - D065705 MN - C5.660.207.536.500 MN - C10.500.507.400.249.500 MN - C16.131.621.207.532.500 MN - C16.131.666.507.400.249.500 MS - Rare MALFORMATIONS OF CORTICAL DEVELOPMENT, GROUP I characterized by the enlargement of one side of the brain. It is associated with seizures, partial paralysis, and mental retardation. HN - 2015 (2008); use Malformations of Cortical Development (2008-2014) MH - Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor UI - D066257 MN - D12.644.276.382.625 MN - D12.776.467.382.625 MN - D23.529.382.625 MS - An EGF family member that is expressed in a variety of hematopoietic, endothelial, vascular smooth muscle, and epithelial cells. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which is cleaved by proteases to produce the secreted form of the protein which has specificity for the EGF RECEPTOR and the ERBB-4 RECEPTOR. The membrane-bound form of the protein has been identified as the receptor which binds to and allows DIPHTHERIA TOXIN to enter cells. HN - 2015 BX - Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth-Factor MH - Hepatobiliary Elimination UI - D065669 MN - G3.787.380 MN - G7.690.725.417 MN - G10.261.326.415 MS - The removal of substances from the blood supply via the LIVER and BILIARY TRACT. HN - 2015 BX - Biliary Elimination FX - Metabolic Clearance Rate MH - Hermeneutics UI - D066297 MN - H1.770.644.241.850.750 MS - The art, theory, and philosophy of interpreting the meaning of an object (a text, work of art, social action, utterances of another speaker, etc.) (Dictionary of Qualitative Inquiry, 2nd ed..) HN - 2015 MH - Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital UI - D065630 MN - C16.131.433 MN - C23.300.707.500.116 MS - Protrusion of abdominal structures into the THORAX as a result of embryologic defects in the DIAPHRAGM often present in the neonatal period. It can be isolated, syndromic, nonsyndromic or be a part of chromosome abnormality. Associated pulmonary hypoplasia and PULMONARY HYPERTENSION can further complicate stabilization and surgical intervention. HN - 2015; use HERNIA, DIAPHRAGMATIC 2010-2014 BX - Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernias MH - High Fructose Corn Syrup UI - D066248 MN - D9.301.662 MS - Syrup made from corn used widely in foods and beverages as a cheaper alternative sweetener to SUCROSE (common table sugar). It is generated by enzymatic processing of natural corn syrup to produce a liquid most widely composed of 42 or 55% FRUCTOSE, GLUCOSE, and various POLYSACCHARIDES. HN - 2015 MH - Historically Controlled Study UI - D065386 MN - E5.318.760.500.912 MS - A study that compares a group of participants receiving an intervention with a similar group from the past who did not. HN - 2015 MH - Hyperlactatemia UI - D065906 MN - C18.452.479 MN - C23.888.516 MS - Increase in blood LACTATE concentration often associated with SEPTIC SHOCK; LUNG INJURY; SEPSIS; and DRUG TOXICITY. When hyperlactatemia is associated with low body pH (acidosis) it is LACTIC ACIDOSIS. HN - 2015 FX - Acidosis, Lactic MH - Hypromellose Derivatives UI - D065347 MN - D5.750.78.562.180.357 MN - D9.698.365.180.455 MN - D25.720.99.500.719 MN - J1.637.51.720.99.500.719 MS - Polymeric compounds that contain repeating units of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. The properties of hypromellose polymers can vary greatly and are defined by their molecular weight, the percentage of hydroxyl groups, the percentage of hydroxypropyl groups, and viscosity measurements. They are found a broad variety of commercial products such as FOOD ADDITIVES; EXCIPIENTS; and LUBRICANTS. HN - 2015 MH - In Vitro Techniques UI - D066298 MN - E5.481 MS - Methods to study reactions or processes taking place in an artificial environment outside the living organism. AN - general or unspecified; prefer specifics; NIM for studies of isolated (not cultured) organs and tissues; not for microorganisms HN - 2015 BX - In Vitro as Topic MH - Infant Death UI - D066088 MN - C23.550.260.657 MS - The death of a live-born INFANT within its first year of life. AN - use PERINATAL DEATH for death of an infant less than 28 days of age; do not confuse with INFANT MORTALITY, a statistical concept HN - 2015 FX - Infant Mortality FX - Perinatal Death FX - Perinatal Mortality MH - Influenza A Virus, H10N8 Subtype UI - D065926 MN - B4.820.545.405.400.106 MN - B4.909.777.545.405.400.106 MS - A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS comprised of the surface proteins HEMAGGLUTININ 10 and NEURAMINIDASE 8. The H10N8 subtype usually infects domestic birds (POULTRY) but there have been some human infections reported. AN - infection: coordinate IM with INFLUENZA, HUMAN (IM) in humans, or INFLUENZA IN BIRDS (IM) in birds, or ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS (IM) in other animals HN - 2015 MH - International Planned Parenthood Federation UI - D066149 MN - N3.540.514.320 AN - CATALOG: use NAF entry HN - 2015(1978); was indexed under INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES 1969-2014 ; was indexed under FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES 1965-1979 MH - Interoception UI - D065812 MN - F2.463.593.465 MS - The perception of and sensitivity to stimuli originating inside of the body. It is a sense of the physiological condition of the entire body. AN - do not confuse with enteroception; note entry term ALLIESTHESIA: do not confuse with ALLESTHESIA HN - 2015 MH - Interpeduncular Nucleus UI - D066268 MN - A8.186.211.132.659.413.875.618.436 MN - A8.186.211.653.413.500.618.436 MS - A nucleus located at the midline of the ventral MIDBRAIN TEGMENTUM with primarily GABAergic projections to the median and dorsal raphe nuclei and the MIDBRAIN CENTRAL GRAY. HN - 2015 MH - Interrupted Time Series Analysis UI - D065186 MN - E5.318.760.500.931 MN - N5.715.360.775.175.537 MN - N6.850.520.450.500.912 MS - A study that uses observations at multiple time points before and after an intervention (the "interruption"), in an attempt to detect whether the intervention has had an effect significantly greater than any underlying trend over time. HN - 2015 BX - Interrupted Time Series MH - Intestinal Elimination UI - D066237 MN - G3.787.383 MN - G7.690.725.465 MN - G10.261.326.467 MS - The discharge of substances from the blood supply into the intestinal lumen for excretion by DEFECATION. AN - do not confuse with DEFECATION HN - 2015 MH - Intestinal Reabsorption UI - D065628 MN - G3.495.23.500.374.500.500 MN - G3.495.355.500 MN - G3.787.24.500.374.500.500 MN - G7.610.593.345.500.500 MN - G7.690.725.15.500.374.500.500 MN - G10.261.326.305.500.500 MS - The re-uptake of substances in the intestines after their prior absorption from the intestines into the PORTAL SYSTEM and reintroduction into the intestines as substances accumulated in the BILE. HN - 2015 BX - Enterohepatic Reabsorption MH - Intramuscular Absorption UI - D065586 MN - G3.495.23.500.562 MN - G3.787.24.500.562 MN - G7.690.725.15.500.562 MN - G11.427.590.362 MS - Uptake of substances via muscle tissue. HN - 2015 FX - Injections, Intramuscular MH - Karoshi Death UI - D065907 MN - C14.280.383.220.500 MN - C23.550.260.322.250.500 MS - Sudden death from overwork, most often as a result of acute CARDIOVASCULAR STROKE. HN - 2015 BX - Karoshi-Death FX - Occupational Diseases MH - Kolliker-Fuse Nucleus UI - D065836 MN - A8.186.211.132.810.428.600.392 MN - A8.186.211.865.428.600.392 MS - A nucleus in the pons associated with RESPIRATION RATE control. HN - 2015 MH - Lacrimal Elimination UI - D066234 MN - G3.787.387 MN - G7.690.725.477 MN - G14.640.399 MS - The discharge of substances into the TEARS. AN - distinguish from lacrimation, tear formation and secretion: see note at TEARS HN - 2015 MH - Lacteal Elimination UI - D066239 MN - G3.787.391 MN - G7.690.725.489 MN - G8.686.785.490 MS - The discharge of substances from the blood supply into the milk formed in and secreted by the MAMMARY GLAND. HN - 2015 MH - Laminoplasty UI - D065406 MN - E4.525.475 MS - A surgical procedure performed on selected pairs of vertebral lamina to relieve pressure on the SPINAL CORD and which also allows for osteoplastic enlargement of the SPINAL CANAL. HN - 2015 MH - Laser-Evoked Potentials UI - D066331 MN - G7.265.500.400.500 MN - G11.561.270.400.500 MS - Somatosensory evoked potentials generated through the application of HEAT to the SKIN with a LASER. They are often used clinically to assess the function of the central nociceptive system and in diagnosing NOCICEPTIVE PAIN. HN - 2015 MH - Lennox Gastaut Syndrome UI - D065768 MN - C10.228.140.490.583 MN - C16.320.495 MS - A childhood-onset epilepsy syndrome. HN - 2015 MH - Licensed Practical Nurses UI - D065102 MN - M1.526.485.67.450 MN - N2.360.67.450 MS - Health personnel who do not hold professional degrees or credentials, but have completed training and are licensed to provide routine patient care under the direction of registered nurses and physicians. HN - 2015 MH - Limbic Lobe UI - D065726 MN - A8.186.211.464.590 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.500.382 MS - The medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere around the brain stem. HN - 2015 MH - Limonene Hydroxylases UI - D065730 MN - D8.244.453.500 MN - D8.811.682.690.708.170.500 MN - D12.776.422.220.453.500 MS - Members of the P-450 enzyme family that take part in the hydroxylation of limonene. HN - 2015 MH - Lipedema UI - D065134 MN - C17.300.451 MS - Disorder of adipose tissue characterized by symmetric and bilateral enlargement of the lower extremities due to abnormal deposition of SUBCUTANEOUS FAT often in obese women. It is associated with HEMATOMA, pain and may progress to secondary LYMPHEDEMA which is known as lipolymphedema. HN - 2015 FX - Lymphedema MH - Lipid Droplets UI - D066292 MN - A11.284.430.214.190.875.393 MS - Dynamic cytoplasmic organelles found in almost all cells. They consist of a central core of LIPIDS surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer studded with surface proteins, and are involved in LIPID METABOLISM and storage. AN - differentiate from LIPOSOMES which are artificially created vesicles HN - 2015 MH - Lubricant Eye Drops UI - D065346 MN - D26.776.708.645.500 MN - D27.505.954.578.645.500 MN - D27.720.556.249 MN - D27.720.752.608.500 MS - Ophthalmic solutions that include LUBRICANTS and WETTING AGENTS such as POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL; HYPROMELLOSE; GLYCEROL; PROPYLENE GLYCOL. They are used to treat conditions caused by deficient tear production such as DRY EYE SYNDROME. HN - 2015; for TEARS, ARTIFICIAL use OPHTHALMIC SOLUTIONS 1992-2014 BX - Artificial Tears BX - Tears, Artificial MH - Lysholm Knee Score UI - D065466 MN - N4.761.559.590.399.500 MN - N5.715.360.575.575.399.500 MS - An instrument used to assess the results of rehabilitation from knee injuries, especially those requiring ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION. It measures recovery of knee joint function based on ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING. HN - 2015 FX - Treatment Outcome MH - Macular Pigment UI - D065348 MN - D23.767.261.887.625 MS - A yellow pigment that accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA. It is composed of LUTEIN, meso-zeaxanthin, and ZEAXANTHIN. HN - 2015 MH - Malformations of Cortical Development, Group I UI - D065703 MN - C10.500.507.400 MN - C16.131.666.507.400 MS - Cortical malformations secondary to abnormal neuronal and glial CELL PROLIFERATION or APOPTOSIS in NEUROGENESIS. This group includes congenital MICROCEPHALIES; MICROLISSENCEPHALIES, megalencephalies, HEMIMEGALENCEPHALIES and cortical dysplasias with balloon cells. HN - 2015 MH - Malformations of Cortical Development, Group III UI - D065704 MN - C10.500.507.500 MN - C16.131.666.507.500 MS - Cortical malformations secondary to abnormal cortical maturation after CELL MIGRATION in NEUROGENESIS. This group includes injury to the cortex during later stages of cortical development such as POLYMICROGYRIA and focal cortical dysplasias. HN - 2015 MH - Manufacturing Industry UI - D066192 MN - J1.576.655 MS - An INDUSTRY which specializes in the fabrication or manufacture of products from raw or intermediate materials. HN - 2015; use INDUSTRY 2012-2014 MH - Medical Writing UI - D066209 MN - L1.143.506.423.906.654 MS - The practice of writing usually by a skilled or specialized writer focused on the reporting or dissemination of medical information for a target audience. HN - 2015 FX - Manuscripts, Medical MH - Mesenteric Ischemia UI - D065666 MN - C6.405.469.656 MN - C6.844.460 MN - C14.907.549 MS - Ischemic tissue injury produced by insufficient perfusion of intestinal tissue by the MESENTERIC CIRCULATION (i.e., CELIAC ARTERY; SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY; INFERERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY; and MESENTERIC VEINS). It can progress from ISCHEMIA; EDEMA; and GANGRENE of the bowel wall to PERITONITIS and cardiovascular collapse. HN - 2015 FX - Colitis, Ischemic FX - Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome MH - Metabolic Side Effects of Drugs and Substances UI - D065606 MN - C25.100.812 MN - D27.505.389 MS - Specific effects of drugs and substances on metabolic pathways such as those occurring through the CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYME SYSTEM. These include effects that often result in DRUG INTERACTIONS; FOOD-DRUG INTERACTIONS; and HERB-DRUG INTERACTIONS. AN - used for searching: indexers and catalogers apply specifics HN - 2015 FX - Drug Interactions FX - Food-Drug Interactions FX - Herb-Drug Interactions MH - Midbrain Raphe Nuclei UI - D066267 MN - A8.186.211.132.659.413.875.618.624 MN - A8.186.211.653.413.500.618.624 MS - Raphe nuclei located in the midbrain including the dorsal and median raphe nuclei. They are the origin of the major serotonergic innervation in the FOREBRAIN. HN - 2015 MH - Midbrain Reticular Formation UI - D066265 MN - A8.186.211.132.659.413.875.284 MN - A8.186.211.132.772.322 MN - A8.186.211.653.413.500.284 MS - The midbrain portion of the reticular formation located in the MIDBRAIN TEGMENTUM. HN - 2015 MH - Middle Cerebellar Peduncle UI - D065837 MN - A8.186.211.132.810.428.600.521 MN - A8.186.211.865.428.600.521 MS - WHITE MATTER consisting of a large bundle of paired fibers originating in the pontine nuclei in the pre pontis and the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis projecting to the contralateral cerebral cortex. HN - 2015 MH - Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus UI - D065207 MN - B4.820.504.540.150.540 MN - B4.909.777.500.540.150.540 MS - A coronavirus first reported in the summer of 2012 in a pneumonia patient in SAUDI ARABIA. It is related to SARS VIRUS. MERS-CoV has an estimated incubation period of 12 days and symptoms include renal failure and severe acute pneumonia with often fatal outcome. AN - infection: coordinate IM with MIDDLE EAST RESPIRATORY SYNDROME see CORONAVIRUS INFECTIONS (IM) HN - 2015 MH - Military Family UI - D066067 MN - F1.829.263.435 MN - I1.880.853.150.482 MS - Men and women serving on active duty in the military, or in a reserve military force, and their immediate family including spouses, children, and parents. AN - for families of veterans, coordinate with VETERANS HN - 2015 BX - Military Families FX - Military Personnel FX - Veterans MH - Missionaries UI - D066189 MN - M1.427 MS - Persons sent into an area to evangelize or to perform acts of service, such as medical care, EDUCATION, or SOCIAL JUSTICE. AN - RELIGIOUS MISSIONS and MEDICAL MISSIONS, OFFICIAL are also available HN - 2015(1991); use MISSIONS AND MISSIONARIES 1990-2014 FX - Medical Missions, Official FX - Religious Missions MH - Monks UI - D065830 MN - M1.526.799.750 MS - Members of a religious community of men typically living under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience. AN - specify religion if pertinent HN - 2015 FX - Religious Missions MH - Morphological and Microscopic Findings UI - D065308 MN - C23.149 MS - Morphological findings useful in differentiation and classification of results in CYTODIAGNOSIS and related techniques. AN - not used for indexing; may be used by catalogers HN - 2015 MH - Myotonin-Protein Kinase UI - D065636 MN - D8.811.913.696.620.682.700.576 MS - Serine/threonine protein kinase responsible for various SKELETAL MUSCLE functions; HEART CONDUCTION SYSTEM activity; calcium HOMEOSTASIS; calcium uptake by SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM and SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY. It is encoded by the DMPK gene and its abnormal EXPANDED TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT of CTG in the 3'-UTR is associated with MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY 1. HN - 2015 FX - Myotonic Dystrophy MH - Nasal Absorption UI - D065588 MN - G3.495.23.500.703.500 MN - G3.787.24.500.703.500 MN - G7.690.725.15.500.703.500 MN - G9.772.770.787.500 MS - Uptake of substances through the nasal mucosa. HN - 2015 FX - Administration, Intranasal MH - Neuroscience Nursing UI - D065816 MN - H2.478.676.542 MN - N2.421.533.505 MS - The nursing specialty focusing on the needs of patients with dysfunction of the NERVOUS SYSTEM. HN - 2015 MH - Nicolau Syndrome UI - D065148 MN - C17.800.174.600.693 MN - C20.543.206.380.587 MN - C25.100.468.380.693 MS - An uncommon complication of INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION leading to variable degrees of necrosis of skin and underlying tissue. HN - 2015 MH - Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease UI - D065626 MN - C6.552.241.519 MS - Fatty liver finding without excessive ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION. HN - 2015; use Fatty Liver 2010-2014 MH - Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic UI - D065228 MN - E5.318.760.535.365.249 MN - E5.337.250.365.249 MN - N5.715.360.775.235.387.249 MN - N6.850.520.450.535.365.249 MS - A study where participants are assigned to a treatment, procedure, or intervention my methods that are not random. Non-randomized clinical trials are sometimes referred to as quasi-experimental clinical trials or non-equivalent control group designs. HN - 2015 MH - Nucleus Raphe Magnus UI - D065846 MN - A8.186.211.132.810.428.600.650.562.500 MN - A8.186.211.865.428.600.650.593.500 MS - A nucleus located directly rostral to the NUCLEUS RAPHE OBSCURUS in the pontine part of the Raphe nuclei. Another pontine nucleus located directly rostral to the magnus nucleus is the nucleus raphe pontis. HN - 2015 MH - Nucleus Raphe Obscurus UI - D065849 MN - A8.186.211.132.810.406.706.436 MN - A8.186.211.865.467.500.662.436 MS - A nucleus in the medullary Raphe nuclei located caudal to the NUCLEUS RAPHE PALLIDUS. HN - 2015 MH - Nucleus Raphe Pallidus UI - D065848 MN - A8.186.211.132.810.406.706.624 MN - A8.186.211.865.467.500.662.624 MS - A nucleus in the medullary Raphe nuclei located rostral to the NUCLEUS RAPHE OBSCURUS and caudal to the NUCLEUS RAPHE MAGNUS. HN - 2015 MH - Nuns UI - D065831 MN - M1.526.799.875 MS - Members of a religious community of women typically living under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience. HN - 2015 FX - Religious Missions MH - Ocular Absorption UI - D065587 MN - G3.495.23.500.656 MN - G3.787.24.500.656 MN - G7.690.725.15.500.656 MN - G14.640.538 MS - Uptake of substances by tissues of the eye. HN - 2015 FX - Administration, Ophthalmic FX - Injections, Intraocular MH - Oculomotor Nuclear Complex UI - D065838 MN - A8.186.211.132.659.413.875.381 MN - A8.186.211.653.413.500.381 MS - A collection of nuclei in the midbrain tegmentum for the OCULOMOTOR NERVE fibers. HN - 2015 MH - Olfactory Cortex UI - D066194 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.500.620 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.500.814.695 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.750 MS - Basal forebrain and medial part of temporal lobe areas that receive synaptic inputs from the OLFACTORY BULB. HN - 2015; use CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 1972-1990 and OLFACTORY PATHWAYS 1991-2014; for RHINENCEPHALON use LIMBIC SYSTEM 1963-1999 and OLFACTORY PATHWAYS 2000-2014 BX - Rhinencephalon MH - Olfactory Tubercle UI - D066208 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.249.487.775.750 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.500.620.656 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.500.814.695.500 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.750.656 MS - Region in the ventral TELENCEPHALON located anterior to the OPTIC CHIASM, posterior to the OLFACTORY PEDUNCLE, rostral to the PIRIFORM AREA and ventral to the NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS. HN - 2015; use OLFACTORY PATHWAYS 1972-2014 BX - Anterior Perforated Substance MH - Optic Tract UI - D065866 MN - A8.186.211.730.317.689 MS - Nerve fiber originating from the OPTIC CHIASM that connects predominantly to the LATERAL GENICULATE BODIES. It is the continuation of the VISUAL PATHWAY that conveys the visual information originally from the RETINA to the optic chiasm via the OPTIC NERVES. HN - 2015 MH - Oral Mucosal Absorption UI - D065568 MN - G3.495.23.500.374.650 MN - G3.787.24.500.374.650 MN - G7.610.593.345.650 MN - G7.690.725.15.500.374.650 MN - G10.261.326.305.650 MS - Uptake of substances into the body via the mucosal surfaces (MUCOUS MEMBRANE) of the oral cavity. HN - 2015 FX - Administration, Buccal FX - Administration, Sublingual MH - Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development UI - D066150 MN - N3.540.514.481 MS - An international organization whose mission is to stimulate world trade and economic progress by offering a forum where governments can collectively develop and refine social and economic policies. AN - CATALOG: use NAF entry HN - 2015 MH - Organum Vasculosum UI - D066278 MN - A8.186.211.464.497.342.231 MN - A8.186.211.730.317.357.342.315 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.500.620.374.500 MS - Circumventricular cellular structure in the anterior hypothalamic region. It is located in the optic recess at the anteroventral end of the THIRD VENTRICLE and forms the ventral part of the midline anterior wall. HN - 2015 BX - Organum Vasculosum Laminae Terminalis MH - Ornithine Decarboxylase Inhibitors UI - D065108 MN - D27.505.519.389.705 MS - Substances and drugs that inhibit or block the activity of ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE. HN - 2015 MH - Ovarian Reserve UI - D065851 MN - G8.686.210.249 MN - G8.686.785.660 MS - Capacity of the ovary to provide viable eggs. HN - 2015 MH - Oxalidaceae UI - D065825 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.100.789 MS - Wood-sorrel family. HN - 2015 MH - Palliative Medicine UI - D065126 MN - H2.403.645 MS - A branch of medicine concerned with preventing and relieving the suffering of patients in any stage of disease. Its focus is on comprehensive care and improving the quality of all areas of the patient's life. AN - specialty only; use PALLIATIVE CARE for care of patients HN - 2015; use PALLIATIVE CARE 1996-2014 FX - Hospice and Palliative Care Nursing FX - Palliative Care MH - Parabrachial Nucleus UI - D065823 MN - A8.186.211.132.810.428.600.650.500 MN - A8.186.211.865.428.600.650.500 MS - A cell group in the pontine tegmentum surrounding the surfaces of the superior CEREBRAL PEDUNCLE of the PONS. HN - 2015 MH - Pars Compacta UI - D065842 MN - A8.186.211.132.659.413.656.249 MN - A8.186.211.653.413.374.249 MS - A region in the substantia nigra located dorsal to the PARS RETICULATA. HN - 2015 MH - Pars Reticulata UI - D065841 MN - A8.186.211.132.659.413.656.500 MN - A8.186.211.653.413.374.500 MS - A region in the substantia nigra located ventral and lateral to the PARS COMPACTA. HN - 2015 MH - Patient-Specific Modeling UI - D066230 MN - E5.599.395.821 MN - L1.224.160.750 MS - The development and application of computational models of human pathophysiology that are individualized to patient-specific data. HN - 2015 FX - Individualized Medicine MH - Pectus Carinatum UI - D066166 MN - C5.116.99.739 MN - C5.182.525 MN - C5.660.745 MN - C16.131.621.745 MN - C17.300.182.525 MS - A developmental anomaly characterized by abnormal anterior protrusion of the STERNUM and adjacent COSTAL CARTILAGE. HN - 2015 MH - Pedicle Screws UI - D065289 MN - E7.695.370.437.500 MN - E7.858.442.660.460.437.500 MN - E7.858.690.725.460.437.500 MS - BONE SCREWS to be used in the pedicle of the vertebral arch. HN - 2015 MH - Periamygdaloid Cortex UI - D066277 MN - A8.186.211.464.90.875.500 MN - A8.186.211.464.590.750.612 MN - A8.186.211.464.710.612 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.249.152.875.500 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.500.382.750.612 MS - The surface of the parahippocampal gyrus overlying the cortical amygdaloid nucleus. HN - 2015 MH - Perinatal Death UI - D066087 MN - C13.703.572 MN - C23.550.260.865 MS - The death of a FETUS of GESTATIONAL AGE 28 weeks or more, or the death of a live-born INFANT less than 28 days of age. AN - Do not confuse with PERINATAL MORTALITY, a statistical concept HN - 2015 FX - Fetal Death FX - Infant Death FX - Perinatal Mortality MH - Peritoneal Absorption UI - D065629 MN - G3.495.23.500.667 MN - G3.787.24.500.667 MN - G7.690.725.15.500.667 MS - Uptake of substances from the PERITONEAL CAVITY. HN - 2015 FX - Injections, Intraperitoneal MH - Permafrost UI - D065946 MN - G1.311.820.500 MN - G16.500.275.157.718.500 MN - G16.500.275.815.500 MN - N6.230.124.531.500 MN - N6.230.600.500 MS - Perennially frozen layer of soil below the surface in tundra. HN - 2015 MH - Phoeniceae UI - D065749 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.100.93.615 MS - Tribe of palms in the subfamily Coryphoideae, family Arecaceae. AN - coordinate with specific PLANT STRUCTURES term if pertinent; for use in therapy coordinate IM with PHYTOTHERAPY (IM) + disease/drug ther (IM) + PLANT PREPARATIONS or its indentations /ther use (IM or NIM) + specific plant chemical /ther use (IM) if pertinent HN - 2015 BX - Dates, Palm BX - Phoenix dactylifera MH - Piriform Cortex UI - D066195 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.500.620.750 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.750.750 MS - An area of the olfactory cortex comprising the rostral half of the uncus of the PARAHIPPOCAMPAL GYRUS and the anterior PARAHIPPOCAMPAL GYRUS. It receives major afferents directly from the OLFACTORY BULB. HN - 2015 MH - Polymicrogyria UI - D065706 MN - C10.500.507.500.500 MN - C16.131.666.507.500.500 MS - Heterogeneous disorders of cortical malformation characterized by excessive and small fused gyri and shallow sulci of the CORTEX with abnormal cortical lamination. It is considered a malformation secondary to abnormal post-migrational development of the neurons during cerebral cortical development and is associated with EPILEPSY and learning difficulties. HN - 2015 (2008); use Malformations of Cortical Development 2008-2014 MH - Pontine Tegmentum UI - D065821 MN - A8.186.211.132.810.428.600.650 MN - A8.186.211.865.428.600.650 MS - The dorsal region of pons bounded by the middle CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLES and the ventral part of the pons. It is continuous with the TEGMENTUM MESENCEPHALI and contains CEREBELLAR NUCLEI, lemnisci and RETICULAR FORMATION. HN - 2015 FX - Trigeminal Nerve MH - Porencephaly UI - D065708 MN - C5.660.207.620.500 MN - C10.500.507.500.625 MN - C16.131.621.207.620.500 MN - C16.131.666.507.500.625 MS - Cortical malformations characterized by white matter-lined cleft or cyst associated with ISCHEMIA and hemorrhagic insults. Symptoms include delayed growth and development, HYPOTONIA; SEIZURES; SPASTIC HEMIPLEGIA and MACROCEPHALY; MICROCEPHALY; or HYDROCEPHALUS. Mutations in the genes encoding COLLAGEN TYPE IV are associated with familial types. HN - 2015 FX - Collagen Type IV MH - Posterior Cerebellar Commissure UI - D066243 MN - A8.186.211.132.659.800.611 MN - A8.186.211.653.727.374 MS - A bundle of nerve fibers that crosses the midline in the tectum mesencephali dorsal to the CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT. HN - 2015 MH - Practice Management, Veterinary UI - D065447 MN - N4.452.758.708.525 MS - The organization and operation of the business aspects of a veterinary practice. HN - 2015 FX - Hospitals, Animal MH - Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis UI - D065129 MN - N2.421.726.758.655 MN - N6.850.780.680.655 MS - A method of disease prevention (abbreviated PrEP) which involves the administration of drugs to at-risk persons who have not been exposed to the disease-causing agent. HN - 2015 MH - Pregnancy, Angular UI - D065170 MN - C13.703.733.619 MS - A rare type of abnormal pregnancy in which EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occurs at a lateral angle of the UTERUS, medial to the uterotubal junction and the round ligament. HN - 2015 MH - Pregnancy, Cornual UI - D065173 MN - C13.703.733.640 MS - A type of pregnancy in which the EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occurs in the horn of the UTERUS instead of in the uterine cavity, i.e. at the junction of the uterus and one of the FALLOPIAN TUBES. HN - 2015 MH - Pregnancy, Interstitial UI - D065167 MN - C13.703.733.703.500 MS - A type of ectopic pregnancy in which the extrauterine EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occurs in the portion of the FALLOPIAN TUBE that traverses the muscular wall of the uterus. HN - 2015 BX - Interstitial Pregnancy MH - Pregnancy, Ovarian UI - D065172 MN - C13.703.733.661 MS - A type of pregnancy in which EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occurs in an OVARY instead of in the uterine cavity. HN - 2015; use PREGNANCY, ECTOPIC 1980-2014 BX - Ovarian Pregnancy MH - Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder UI - D065446 MN - C23.550.568.968.500 MN - F3.600.300.550 MS - A condition in which a woman suffers from severe depression, irritability, and tension before MENSTRUATION. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) may involve a wide range of physical or emotional symptoms, which are more severe and debilitating than those seen with premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and which include at least one mood-related symptom. Symptoms usually stop when, or shortly after, menstruation begins. HN - 2015 MH - Prepulse Inhibition UI - D065808 MN - G11.561.600.812.500 MS - A neurophysiological phenomenon in which the response to a startling stimulus (pulse) is decreased when a weaker prestimulus (prepulse) precedes it closely in time. It is used as an operational measure of sensorimotor gating. HN - 2015 FX - Reflex, Startle MH - Pretectal Region UI - D066250 MN - A8.186.211.132.659.800.662 MN - A8.186.211.653.727.405 MS - Region of midbrain tectum located posterior to the THALAMUS and anterior to the SUPERIOR COLLICULUS. HN - 2015 MH - Printing, Three-Dimensional UI - D066330 MN - J1.897.564 MN - L1.224.108.150.500 MN - L1.296.110.150.500 MS - Process for making, building or constructing a physical object from a three-dimensional digital model by laying down many successive thin layers of building material. HN - 2015 MH - Prophylactic Surgical Procedures UI - D065286 MN - E4.625 MS - Surgical procedures done to prevent or reduce the risk of developing cancer or other disease conditions in persons who may be predisposed to such conditions. AN - coordinate with specific surgical procedure and specific disease /prev HN - 2015 BX - Surgical Procedures, Prophylactic FX - Elective Surgical Procedures FX - Primary Prevention MH - Protective Factors UI - D065840 MN - E5.318.740.600.800.582 MN - N5.715.350.200.675 MN - N5.715.360.750.625.700.570 MN - N6.850.490.625.625 MN - N6.850.520.830.600.800.582 MS - An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with prevention or mitigation of a health-related condition considered important to prevent. AN - coordinate NIM with specific disease or other concept (IM) HN - 2015 MH - Protein Aggregates UI - D066329 MN - D5.875 MS - Any mixture of secondary, tertiary, or quaternary protein molecules which appear as clumps in or outside the cell. HN - 2015 FX - Protein Aggregation, Pathological MH - Protein Aggregation, Pathological UI - D066263 MN - C23.550.770 MN - G2.111.668 MS - A biochemical phenomenon in which misfolded proteins aggregate either intra- or extracellularly. Triggered by factors such as MUTATION, POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS, and environmental stress, it is generally associated with ALZHEIMER DISEASE; PARKINSON DISEASE; HUNTINGTON DISEASE; and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. HN - 2015 FX - Protein Aggregates MH - Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy UI - D066244 MN - E5.196.867.519.775 MS - Spectroscopy technique which measures changes in organic compounds by tracking the spectral energy of absorption of HYDROGEN atoms. HN - 2015 MH - Psychology, Developmental UI - D066233 MN - F4.96.628.270 MS - Field of study concerned with age-related changes in BEHAVIOR that occur in human beings over the course of life, from birth to death. It includes all aspects of human growth, including emotional, intellectual, social, perceptual and personality development. AN - use for the specialty only HN - 2015 BX - Developmental Psychology FX - Human Development FX - Psychology, Adolescent FX - Psychology, Child MH - Pulmonary Elimination UI - D066232 MN - G3.787.395 MN - G7.690.725.561 MN - G9.772.770.723 MS - The discharge of substances from the pulmonary capillary blood into the alveolar space to be exhaled or removed by MUCOCILIARY CLEARANCE. HN - 2015 FX - Exhalation MH - Rainforest UI - D065947 MN - G16.500.275.157.437.500 MN - N6.230.124.343.500 MS - Forests with high average annual rainfall. HN - 2015 MH - Raw Foods UI - D066256 MN - J2.500.737 MS - Food prepared for consumption without exposure to heat. HN - 2015 MH - Receptor, ErbB-4 UI - D066247 MN - D8.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.09.600 MN - D12.776.543.750.60.09.600 MN - D12.776.543.750.750.400.74.600 MN - D12.776.624.664.700.791 MN - D23.101.840.760 MS - A cell surface protein-tyrosine kinase receptor that has specificity for EPIREGULIN; BETACELLIN; NEUREGULINS; and HEPARIN-BINDING EGF-LIKE GROWTH-FACTOR. HN - 2015 MH - Rectal Absorption UI - D065590 MN - G3.495.23.500.374.825 MN - G3.787.24.500.374.825 MN - G7.690.725.15.500.374.825 MN - G10.261.326.305.825 MS - Uptake of substances from the RECTUM. HN - 2015 FX - Administration, Rectal FX - Suppositories MH - Religious Personnel UI - D065834 MN - M1.526.799 MS - Persons that live and work according to a religious vocation, or calling, to a consecrated or ordained life. HN - 2015 MH - Renal Elimination UI - D065667 MN - G3.787.410 MN - G7.690.725.609 MN - G8.852.796.788 MS - The discharge of substances from the blood supply via the URINARY TRACT. HN - 2015 FX - Metabolic Clearance Rate MH - Renal Reabsorption UI - D065608 MN - G3.495.23.500.679 MN - G3.787.24.500.679 MN - G7.690.725.15.500.679 MN - G8.852.536.500 MS - The reuptake of water, ELECTROLYTES, and other substances by the KIDNEY to the blood supply. HN - 2015 MH - Renshaw Cells UI - D066293 MN - A8.675.358.650 MN - A11.671.358.375 MS - Ipsilateral glycinergic inhibitory interneurons of the SPINAL CORD VENTRAL HORN which modulate recurrent firing of MOTOR NEURONS. They develop from embryonic progenitor domain V1. Ia inhibitory interneurons which also originate from V1 are responsible for reciprocal inhibition of MOTONEURONS. HN - 2015 MH - Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia UI - D065809 MN - G9.330.380.500.715 MS - A naturally occurring variation in heart rate that occurs during a BREATHING cycle, where the time between heartbeats is shortened during inspiration and prolonged during expiration. It is not the same as SINUS ARRHYTHMIA, the disorder. HN - 2015 MH - Respiratory Tract Absorption UI - D065589 MN - G3.495.23.500.703 MN - G3.787.24.500.703 MN - G7.690.725.15.500.703 MN - G9.772.770.787 MS - Uptake of substances via the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. HN - 2015 FX - Administration, Inhalation MH - Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors UI - D066066 MN - E1.789.800.379 MN - N4.761.559.590.800.569 MN - N5.715.360.575.575.800.569 MS - An internationally recognized set of published rules used for evaluation of cancer treatment that define when tumors found in cancer patients improve, worsen, or remain stable during treatment. These criteria are based specifically on the response of the tumor(s) to treatment, and not on the overall health status of the patient resulting from treatment. HN - 2015 BX - RECIST MH - Rhinitis, Allergic UI - D065631 MN - C8.460.799.315 MN - C8.674.453 MN - C9.603.799.315 MN - C20.543.480.680.443 MS - An inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA triggered by ALLERGENS. HN - 2015 BX - Allergic Rhinitis MH - Robotic Surgical Procedures UI - D065287 MN - E2.950.875.500 MN - E4.749.500 MN - L1.700.508.100.710.800.500 MS - Surgical procedures performed using a computer that remotely controls surgical instruments attached to mechanical arms designed to perform the tasks of the surgeon. HN - 2015 BX - Surgical Procedures, Robotic FX - Robotics MH - Rubus UI - D065856 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.100.842.500.764 MS - A plant genus of the family Rosaceae whose members include blackberries and raspberries. HN - 2015 MH - Salivary Elimination UI - D065787 MN - G3.787.440 MN - G7.690.725.705 MS - The discharge of substances from the blood supply via diffusion into the SALIVA from the ORAL MUCOSA or from the SALIVARY GLANDS. AN - distinguish from SALIVATION, the discharge of saliva from the salivary glands HN - 2015 MH - Schizencephaly UI - D065707 MN - C10.500.507.500.750 MN - C16.131.666.507.500.750 MS - Cortical malformations characterized by grey matter-lined cleft or cyst that extends from the EPENDYMA often to the PIA MATER outer surface. The grey matter that lines the cleft is often POLYMICROGYRIA. It is associated with developmental delay, motor disturbance and seizures. HN - 2015 (2008); use Malformations of Cortical Development 2008-2014 MH - Sensorimotor Cortex UI - D066191 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.500.814 MS - A composite area of the cerebral cortex concerned with motor control and sensory perception comprising the motor cortex areas, the somatosensory areas, the gustatory cortex, the olfactory areas, the auditory cortex, and the visual cortex. HN - 2015 MH - Seoul UI - D066106 MN - Z1.252.474.557.750.500 MN - Z1.433.887 MS - The capital of SOUTH KOREA. HN - 2015 MH - Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy UI - D065166 MN - C10.228.140.807 MS - Acute neurological dysfunction during severe SEPSIS in the absence of direct brain infection characterized by systemic inflammation and BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER perturbation. AN - coordinate with SEPSIS or specifics HN - 2015 FX - Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome MH - Serogroup UI - D065288 MN - G5.695.825 MS - A set of variants within a species of microorganisms that are antigenically, closely related. With bacteria, a serogroup refers to a group that shares a common antigen. AN - SEROTYPING is also available HN - 2015 FX - Serotyping MH - Slit Lamp UI - D066167 MN - E1.370.380.703 MS - A microscope with a light source that can be projected into a linear beam. It allows cross-sectional viewing of the AQUEOUS HUMOR; CONJUNCTEIVA; CORNEA; EYELIDS; IRIS; and lens (see LENS, EYE) of the eye. HN - 2015 MH - Social Capital UI - D066270 MN - I1.880.853.375 MS - The expected benefits derived from the cooperation between individuals and groups. HN - 2015 MH - Social Norms UI - D066262 MN - F1.829.750 MN - I1.880.853.903 MS - Customary standards that govern behavior in groups, cultures, or societies. They reflect what a group deems acceptable in a social context in terms of appropriate and inappropriate values, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. HN - 2015 FX - Social Conformity FX - Social Values MH - Social Skills UI - D066107 MN - F1.145.813.828 MN - F1.829.401.737 MS - The personal set of abilities required to successfully interact and communicate with others, both verbally and non-verbally through gestures, body language and personal appearance. HN - 2015 MH - Social Theory UI - D066269 MN - I1.880.761 MS - Frameworks of empirical evidence used to study and interpret social phenomena. HN - 2015 MH - Sociological Factors UI - D066252 MN - I1.880.853 MS - Attributes and experiences that influence an individual's personality, attitudes, and lifestyle, which are derived from the social values and/or behavior of the groups to which an individual belongs, or aspires to belong. HN - 2015; for SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS use SOCIOLOGY 1981-2014 BX - Sociological Phenomena MH - Spatial Learning UI - D065853 MN - F1.145.875.730 MN - F2.463.425.874 MN - F2.784.629.529.775 MS - A process through which individuals encode information about their environmental CUES to facilitate SPATIAL NAVIGATION. HN - 2015 FX - Space Perception FX - Spatial Memory MH - Spatial Memory UI - D065852 MN - F2.463.425.540.886 MS - Memory related to spatial information. HN - 2015 FX - Spatial Learning MH - Spatial Navigation UI - D065854 MN - F1.145.875.797 MN - F2.463.641 MS - Process by which organisms use various cues to develop a route to a destination and their ability to travel such a planned route. HN - 2015 MH - Spatial Processing UI - D065855 MN - F1.145.875.830 MS - Integration of spatial information perceived by visual and/or auditory CUES. HN - 2015 FX - Spatial Memory MH - Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn UI - D066148 MN - A8.186.854.697 MS - One of three central columns of the spinal cord. It is composed of GRAY MATTER spinal laminae I-VI. HN - 2015 MH - Spinal Cord Lateral Horn UI - D066152 MN - A8.186.854.443 MS - One of three central columns of the spinal cord. It is composed of GRAY MATTER and is located laterally in lamina VII. HN - 2015 BX - Lateral Gray Column MH - Spinal Cord Ventral Horn UI - D066151 MN - A8.186.854.729 MS - One of three central columns of the spinal cord. It is composed of GRAY MATTER spinal laminae VIII and IX. HN - 2015 MH - Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Cervix UI - D065310 MN - C4.834.818.500 MN - C13.351.500.852.593.74.500 MN - C23.149.750 MS - A cytological test finding often from PAP SMEARS that shows abnormal lesions of SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS of the CERVIX. It is a diagnostic criterion used in the Bethesda System for UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS and represents the PAP TEST result that is abnormal. Although squamous intraepithelial lesions test result does not mean UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS it requires follow-ups (e.g., HPV DNA TESTS; and COLPOSCOPY). HN - 2015 BX - Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions FX - Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia MH - Steroid Synthesis Inhibitors UI - D065088 MN - D27.505.519.389.870 MN - D27.505.696.399.450.855 MS - Compounds that bind to and inhibit enzymes involved in the synthesis of STEROIDS. HN - 2015 MH - Subcutaneous Absorption UI - D065566 MN - G3.495.23.500.875 MN - G3.787.24.500.875 MN - G7.690.725.15.500.875 MS - The uptake of substances via the SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE. HN - 2015 FX - Infusions, Subcutaneous FX - Injections, Subcutaneous MH - Subtractive Hybridization Techniques UI - D066251 MN - E5.393.332.500 MN - E5.393.661.820 MS - Methods of studying differential GENE EXPRESSION of especially low-abundance, tissue-specific gene transcripts. HN - 2015 FX - Gene Expression Profiling MH - Superior Olivary Complex UI - D065832 MN - A8.186.211.132.810.428.600.650.625 MN - A8.186.211.865.428.600.650.625 MS - An auditory brainstem structure in the pontine tegmentum that contains several nuclei associated with auditory localization and is component of ascending and descending auditory pathways. HN - 2015 FX - Olivary Nucleus MH - Surgeons UI - D066231 MN - M1.526.485.810.910 MN - N2.360.810.910 MS - Medical practitioners qualified to practice surgery. HN - 2015 FX - Barber Surgeons MH - Taiga UI - D066188 MN - G16.500.275.157.437.750 MN - N6.230.124.343.750 MS - An ecosystem dominated by coniferous forests including the tree line bordered by TUNDRA to the north and STEPPE to the south. HN - 2015 MH - Tectospinal Fibers UI - D065844 MN - A8.186.211.132.810.753 MN - A8.186.211.865.753 MS - A neural tract which connects the TECTUM MESENCEPHALI and the SPINAL CORD and is involved in head and eye movement coordination. HN - 2015 MH - Telencephalic Commissures UI - D066245 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.390 MS - Set of nerve fibers that cross the midline of the TELENCEPHALON. They include the ANTERIOR COMMISSURE; the CORPUS CALLOSUM; and the HIPPOCAMPAL COMMISSURE of the fornix. HN - 2015 BX - Forebrain Commissures MH - Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic UI - D065646 MN - C4.557.470.200.725 MS - An aggressive THYROID GLAND malignancy which generally occurs in IODINE-deficient areas in people with previous thyroid pathology such as GOITER. It is associated with CELL DEDIFFERENTIATION of THYROID CARCINOMA (e.g., FOLLICULAR THYROID CARCINOMA; PAPILLARY THYROID CANCER). Typical initial presentation is a rapidly growing neck mass which upon metastasis is associated with DYSPHAGIA; NECK PAIN; bone pain; DYSPNEA; and NEUROLOGIC DEFICITS. AN - coordinate IM with THYROID NEOPLASMS (IM) HN - 2015 (2010); use Thyroid Neoplasms 2010-2014 MH - Toxicokinetics UI - D066007 MN - G3.787.958 MN - G7.690.725.974 MS - The pharmacokinetic mechanisms of the toxic effects of a substance. AN - IM general only: coordinate NIM with specific drug / tox / pois or / adv eff HN - 2015; use PHARMACOKINETICS 1996-2014 MH - Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement UI - D065467 MN - E4.100.376.485.500 MN - E4.650.410.500 MN - E4.928.220.410.500 MS - Surgical treatment for severe AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is used as an alternative option in patients who are deemed at high risk or inoperable for traditional open-heart surgery. HN - 2015 MH - Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation UI - D065908 MN - E2.342.767 MN - F4.570.200.791 MN - F4.669.224.650 MS - A technique of brain electric stimulation therapy which uses constant, low current delivered via ELECTRODES placed on various locations on the scalp. HN - 2015 FX - Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation FX - Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation MH - Transfusion Reaction UI - D065227 MN - C15.378.962 MN - C20.920 MS - Complications of BLOOD TRANSFUSION. HN - 2015 (2012) BX - Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction MH - Transplant Recipients UI - D066027 MN - M1.925 MS - Individuals receiving tissues or organs transferred from another individual of the same or different species, or from within the same individual. HN - 2015(1976); was indexed under TRANSPLANTATION 1976-2014 MH - Trapezoid Body UI - D065833 MN - A8.186.211.132.810.428.600.650.687 MN - A8.186.211.865.428.600.650.687 MS - A region in the pontine tegmentum containing nuclei and fibers associated with AUDITORY PATHWAYS. HN - 2015 FX - Auditory Pathways MH - Travel Nursing UI - D065099 MN - N4.452.758.377.968 MS - A type of nursing practice involving licensed professional nurses who travel to work in temporary nursing positions. AN - do not confuse with TRAVEL MEDICINE - a field focusing on disease prevention and safety of patients during international travel HN - 2015 MH - Trigeminal Motor Nucleus UI - D066266 MN - A8.186.211.132.810.428.600.650.718 MN - A8.186.211.132.931.459 MN - A8.186.211.865.428.600.650.718 MS - Nucleus located in the pontine tegmentum with motor neurons that innervate the muscles of the JAW through the motor portion of the TRIGEMINAL NERVE. HN - 2015 MH - Tundra UI - D065929 MN - G16.500.275.157.718 MN - N6.230.124.531 MS - An ecosystem dominated by grasses, lichens, mosses, sedges and shrubs in cold landscapes or at high elevations where a layer of the ground remains perennially frozen (PERMAFROST). HN - 2015 MH - Vaginal Absorption UI - D066228 MN - G3.495.23.500.937 MN - G3.787.24.500.937 MN - G7.690.725.15.500.937 MS - The uptake of substances from the VAGINA via the vaginal epithelium/mucosa. HN - 2015 FX - Administration, Intravaginal MH - Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci UI - D065507 MN - B3.510.550.250.250.650 MS - Strains of the genus Enterococcus that are resistant to the antibiotic VANCOMYCIN. The enterococci become resistant by acquiring plasmids carrying genes for VANCOMYCIN RESISTANCE. AN - coordinate with species of Enterococcus if relevant HN - 2015 BX - Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci FX - Vancomycin Resistance MH - Vascular Closure Devices UI - D065506 MN - E7.858.690.930 MS - Products used to seal the openings in BLOOD VESSELS from incisions or punctures made during ENDOVASCULAR PROCEDURES. HN - 2015 FX - Hemostatic Techniques FX - Hemostatics MH - Vascular Remodeling UI - D066253 MN - C23.300.977 MN - C23.550.918 MN - G9.330.930 MS - The active alterations of vascular wall structures, often leading to elevated VASCULAR RESISTANCE. It is associated with AGING; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; HYPERTENSION; PREGNANCY; PULMONARY HYPERTENSION; and STROKE, but is also a normal part of EMBRYOGENESIS. HN - 2015 FX - Neovascularization, Pathologic FX - Neovascularization, Physiologic MH - Ventral Striatum UI - D066328 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.249.487.775 MS - A composite structure of the TELENCEPHALON that is defined by connectivity. It includes the NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS; the ISLANDS OF CALLEJA; and parts of the CAUDATE NUCLEUS; the PUTAMEN; and the SUBSTANTIA INNOMINATA. HN - 2015; use BASAL FOREBRAIN 2000-2014 MH - Vincetoxicum UI - D066047 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.100.99.937 MS - A plant genus of the dogbane family ASCLEPIADACEAE. AN - coordinate with specific PLANT STRUCTURES term if pertinent; for use in therapy coordinate IM with PHYTOTHERAPY (IM) + disease/drug ther (IM) + PLANT PREPARATIONS or its indentations/ ther use (IM or NIM) + specific plant chemical /ther use (IM) if pertinent HN - 2015 BX - Cynanchum atratum MH - Viral Fusion Protein Inhibitors UI - D065147 MN - D27.505.519.957 MN - D27.505.954.122.388.538 MS - Drugs that are designed to block the action of VIRAL FUSION PROTEINS and prevent VIRUSES from entering the cell. HN - 2015 MH - Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase UI - D065668 MN - D8.244.453.978 MN - D8.811.682.690.708.170.957 MN - D12.776.422.220.453.957 MS - A cytochrome P-450 enzyme that has specificity for CHOLECALCIFEROL (Vitamin D3). It hydroxylates the molecule at carbon position 24. HN - 2015 MH - Voriconazole UI - D065819 MN - D3.383.129.799.950 MS - A triazole antifungal agent that specifically inhibits STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE and CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A. HN - 2015 MH - Waist-Height Ratio UI - D065927 MN - E1.370.600.115.100.160.780 MN - E5.41.124.160.937 MS - The ratio of WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE to BODY HEIGHT. HN - 2015 MH - Wernicke Area UI - D065813 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.500.670.837 MN - A8.186.211.730.885.287.500.863.850 MS - Functional region comprising posterior part of the SUPERIOR TEMPORAL GYRUS in the dominant cerebral hemisphere (see CEREBRAL DOMINANCE) and often portions of the PARIETAL LOBE. Along with BROCA AREA it is important in SPEECH and LANGUAGE processes. A lesion in the area is associated with WERNICKE APHASIA and CONDUCTION APHASIA. HN - 2015 (1982); use TEMPORAL LOBE 1982-2014 FX - Broca Area MH - White Matter UI - D066127 MN - A8.186.211.204 MN - A8.186.854.880 MS - The region of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that appears lighter in color than the other type, GRAY MATTER. It mainly consists of MYELINATED NERVE FIBERS and contains few neuronal cell bodies or DENDRITES. HN - 2015 BX - Cerebellar White Matter FX - Nerve Fibers, Myelinated MH - Xenophobia UI - D065806 MN - F1.145.813.550.875 MN - F1.145.813.629.875 MN - F1.829.595.875 MS - Intense or irrational dislike or fear of anything that is strange or foreign, particularly of people who are strangers or foreigners. It is an attitudinal orientation of hostility against non-natives in a given population that includes attitudes, prejudices and behavior that reject, exclude or vilify persons, based on the perception that they are outsiders or foreigners to the community, society or national identity. HN - 2015 MH - Zeaxanthins UI - D065146 MN - D2.455.326.271.665.202.868.750 MN - D2.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.887.750 MN - D2.455.849.131.868.750 MN - D23.767.261.887.750 MS - Carotenoids found in fruits and vegetables. Zeaxanthin accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA. HN - 2015 MH - Zona Incerta UI - D065820 MN - A8.186.211.730.317.800.900 MS - A region of the subthalamus located ventral to the THALAMUS and dorsal to the SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS. HN - 2015; use SUBTHALAMUS 2000-2014