MH - 2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin UI - D000073738 MN - D4.345.103.333.500 MN - D9.301.915.400.375.333.500 MN - D9.698.365.855.400.375.333.500 MS - Derivative of beta-cyclodextrin that is used as an excipient for steroid drugs and as a lipid chelator. HN - 2018(1987) MH - AAA Domain UI - D000074182 MN - G2.111.570.820.709.275.500.913 MS - An approximately 250 amino acid domain common to AAA ATPases and AAA Proteins. It consists of a highly conserved N-terminal P-Loop ATPase subdomain with an alpha-beta-alpha conformation, and a less-conserved C-terminal subdomain with an all alpha conformation. The N-terminal subdomain includes Walker A and Walker B motifs which function in ATP binding and hydrolysis. HN - 2018 FX - ATPases Associated with Diverse Cellular Activities MH - AAA Proteins UI - D000074582 MN - D8.811.277.40.13 MN - D12.776.157.25 MS - A large, highly conserved and functionally diverse superfamily of NTPases and nucleotide-binding proteins that are characterized by a conserved 200 to 250 amino acid nucleotide-binding and catalytic domain, the AAA+ module. They assemble into hexameric ring complexes that function in the energy-dependent remodeling of macromolecules. Members include ATPASES ASSOCIATED WITH DIVERSE CELLULAR ACTIVITIES. HN - 2018 MH - Abuse-Deterrent Formulations UI - D000075162 MN - D26.255.75 MN - D27.505.696.34 MN - D27.505.696.663.850.07 MN - D27.505.954.427.05 MN - E2.319.300.127 MN - E5.916.250.500 MS - Drug formulations or delivery systems intended to discourage the abuse of CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES. These may include physical barriers to prevent chewing or crushing the drug; chemical barriers that prevent extraction of psychoactive ingredients; agonist-antagonist combinations to reduce euphoria associated with abuse; aversion, where controlled substances are combined with others that will produce an unpleasant effect if the patient manipulates the dosage form or exceeds the recommended dose; delivery systems that are resistant to abuse such as implants; or combinations of these methods. HN - 2018 FX - Drug Compounding MH - Academic Failure UI - D000075022 MN - N1.824.196.125 MS - Student’s unsuccessful attempt at academic achievement or a marked inadequacy in the areas of scholarship or study. This is not underachievement which is performance, usually in school work, poorer than that predicted from aptitude and/or intelligence testing. HN - 2018 MH - Academic Performance UI - D000073978 MN - I2.399.136 MS - A quantitative or qualitative measure of intellectual, scholarly, or scholastic accomplishment. HN - 2018 FX - Achievement MH - Academic Success UI - D000076363 MN - I2.399.136.500 MS - Level of engagement in educationally purposeful activities, satisfaction, acquisition of desired knowledge, skills, and competencies, persistence and attainment of educational outcomes. HN - 2018 MH - Adaptive Clinical Trial UI - D000076362 MN - V3.175.250.50 MS - Clinical study in which a prospectively planned opportunity is included to modify trial designs and hypotheses based on analysis of data from subjects in the study. AN - this heading is used as a Publication Type; for original report of the conduct or results of a specific adaptive clinical trial; a different heading ADAPTIVE CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC is used for general design, methodology, economics, etc. of adaptive clinical trials HN - 2018 MH - Adaptive Clinical Trials as Topic UI - D000075522 MN - E5.318.760.250.500.100 MN - N5.715.360.775.88.500.100 MN - N6.850.520.450.250.250.100 MS - Works about clinical studies in which a prospectively planned opportunity is included to modify trial designs and hypotheses based on analysis of data from subjects in the study . AN - for general design, methodology, economics, etc. of adaptive clinical trials; a different heading ADAPTIVE CLINICAL TRIAL is used for reports of a specific adaptive clinical trial HN - 2018 MH - Addiction Medicine UI - D000073316 MN - H2.403.07 MS - A medical specialty focused on the diagnosis and treatment of ADDICTIVE BEHAVIOR disorders, including SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS and IMPULSE CONTROL DISORDERS; and the management of co-occurring medical and psychiatric conditions HN - 2018 MH - ADP-Ribosylation UI - D000074744 MN - G2.111.660.871.790.600.200 MN - G2.111.691.600.200 MN - G3.734.871.790.600.200 MN - G5.308.670.600.200 MS - Post-translational modification of proteins with ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE RIBOSE. HN - 2018 FX - ADP Ribose Transferases MH - Adverse Outcome Pathways UI - D000073931 MN - E5.318.740.600.800.715.250 MN - E5.599.395.40 MN - N4.452.871.715.200 MN - N6.850.505.715.250 MS - Models connecting initiating events at the cellular and molecular level to population-wide impacts. Computational models may be at levels relating toxicology to adverse effects. HN - 2018 FX - Ecotoxicology MH - Aeromonadales UI - D000074762 MN - B3.660.250.18 MS - An order of Gram-negative bacteria in the class GAMMAPROTEOBACTERIA, phylum PROTEOBACTERIA, which include important pathogens. HN - 2018 MH - Agent Orange UI - D000075182 MN - D2.241.81.18.386.682.224.500 MN - D2.241.81.18.386.682.800.500 MN - D2.241.511.316.682.149.500 MN - D2.241.511.316.682.800.500 MN - D2.309.500.450.500 MN - D3.633.300.786.500 MS - A herbicide that contains equal parts of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T), as well as traces of the contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. HN - 2018 (1980) MH - Alcoholic Korsakoff Syndrome UI - D000076042 MN - C10.597.606.525.400.500 MN - C10.720.112.100.250 MN - C23.888.592.604.529.400.500 MN - C25.723.705.150.100.250 MN - C25.775.100.87.193.100.250 MN - F1.700.625.400.500 MN - F3.615.200.131 MN - F3.900.100.50.250 MS - A neurological disorder characterized by inattentiveness and the inability to form short term memories. It is caused by THIAMINE DEFICIENCY due to chronic ALCOHOLISM. HN - 2018(2000); use KORSAKOFF SYNDROME 2000-2017 MH - Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 member B10 UI - D000074426 MN - D8.811.682.47.150.700.156.625 MN - D8.811.682.47.820.284.813 MS - Aldo-keto reductase that functions as an all-trans-retinaldehyde reductase. It also reduces aromatic and aliphatic ALDEHYDES. HN - 2018 MH - Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C2 UI - D000074422 MN - D8.811.682.47.150.700.156.750 MN - D8.811.682.47.820.284.875 MS - Aldo-keto reductase that functions with 5-alpha and 5-beta-steroid reductases to convert steroid hormones into the 3-alpha or 5-alpha and 3-alpha or 5-beta-tetrahydrosteroid, including 5-ALPHA-DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE to ANDROSTANE-3,17-DIOL. It also binds to BILE ACIDS. Mutations in the AKR1C2 gene are associated with Type 8 46, XY DISORDERS OF SEX DEVELOPMENT (SRXY8). HN - 2018 MH - Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C3 UI - D000074425 MN - D8.811.682.47.150.700.156.875 MN - D8.811.682.47.436.375.140 MN - D8.811.682.47.820.284.937 MN - D8.811.682.47.820.375.500 MS - Aldo-keto reductase that functions as a bi-directional 17 BETA, 20 ALPHA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE. It catalyzes the reduction of PROSTAGLANDIN D2 and PROSTAGLANDIN H2, as well as the oxidation of 9alpha,11beta-PGF2 to prostaglandin D2. It can also interconvert estrogens, ANDROGENS; and PROGESTINS between their active forms and inactive metabolites. HN - 2018 MH - Aldo-Keto Reductases UI - D000074408 MN - D8.811.682.47.150.700.156 MN - D8.811.682.47.820.284 MS - A family of NADPH-dependent oxidoreductases that reduce carbonyl substrates including sugar-aldehydes, KETOSTEROIDS; keto-prostaglandins, and QUINONES. They are monomers of approximately 37 KDa and are characterized by a parallel beta-8 (BETA SHEET)-alpha 8 (ALPHA HELICES)-barrel structure that contains the NADP binding site. This conformation favors aromatic and apolar substrates. HN - 2018 MH - Alemtuzumab UI - D000074323 MN - D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.60.313 MN - D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.60.375 MN - D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.375 MS - An anti-CD52 ANTIGEN monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of certain types of CD52-positive lymphomas (e.g., CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA; and T-CELL LYMPHOMA). Its mode of actions include ANTIBODY-DEPENDENT CELL CYTOTOXICITY. HN - 2018 (1995) FX - CD52 Antigen MH - Alethinophidia UI - D000074764 MN - B1.50.150.900.833.672.125 MS - An infraorder of snakes in the order Serpentes that includes all snakes except blind snakes and thread snakes. HN - 2018 MH - Alphacoronavirus UI - D000073638 MN - B4.820.504.540.150.75 MS - A genus of the family CORONAVIRIDAE which causes respiratory or gastrointestinal disease in a variety of mammals. Human alphacoronaviruses include Human coronavirus 229E and NL63. All members share the identical core transcription regulatory sequences of 5’-CUAAAC-3’ and most have 1 to 2 ORFs downstream to the N protein gene. AN - infection: coordinate IM with CORONAVIRUS INFECTIONS (IM) HN - 2018 MH - Alphacoronavirus 1 UI - D000073639 MN - B4.820.504.540.150.75.500 MS - The type species of ALPHACORONAVIRUS genus causing gastroenteritis, peritonitis and respiratory diseases in dogs, cats and swine. Previously separate species TRANSMISSIBLE GASTROENTERITIS VIRUS; PORCINE RESPIRATORY CORONAVIRUS; CANINE CORONAVIRUS AND FELINE CORONAVIRUS merged into this species on the basis of similar genome nucleotide sequence and genome organization. AN - infection: coordinate IM with CORONAVIRUS INFECTIONS (IM) HN - 2018 MH - Amniotomy UI - D000074885 MN - E4.520.252.968.500 MS - A method of inducing labor by deliberate rupture of the AMNION to cause the release of amniotic fluid. HN - 2018 MH - Anesthesia, Cardiac Procedures UI - D000074022 MN - E3.155.403 MS - A range of methods used to induce UNCONSCIOUSNESS; ANALGESIA; and MUSCLE RELAXATION during cardiac procedures. HN - 2018 MH - Angiopoietin-like 4 Protein UI - D000075803 MN - D12.644.276.100.50.500 MN - D12.776.467.100.50.500 MN - D23.529.100.50.500 MS - A secreted angiopoietin-like protein expressed under hypoxic conditions by ENDOTHELIAL CELLS. It inhibits cell proliferation, cell migration, and tubule formation; the inactive form accumulates in the endothelial EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX, reducing vascular leakage. ANGPTL4 has direct roles in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as INSULIN SENSITIVITY, and may also function as a regulator of angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. HN - 2018 MH - Angiopoietin-like Proteins UI - D000075802 MN - D12.644.276.100.50 MN - D12.776.467.100.50 MN - D23.529.100.50 MS - A family of proteins that is structurally similar to ANGIOPOIETINS but do not bind angiopoietin receptors. They are characterized by an amino-terminal coiled-coil domain, a linker region, and a carboxy-terminal FIBRINOGEN-like domain with the exception of ANGPTL8, which lacks the fibrinogen-like domain. They function in a variety of developmental and physiological processes, including INFLAMMATION, lipid metabolism, hematopoietic stem cell activity, and cancer metastasis. HN - 2018 MH - Animal Fur UI - D000076203 MN - A13.78 MN - A17.360.148 MS - Usually densely-packed hairs on the skin of MAMMALS. HN - 2018; use Hair (1963-2017) MH - Animal Scales UI - D000075342 MN - A13.79 MN - A17.907 MS - Tough, horny, brittle, smooth, striated or plate-like extensions of the stratum corneum or outer layer of the skin. It serves as a protective layer in fishes, reptiles, birds, and mammals. HN - 2018 MH - Anoctamin-1 UI - D000075369 MN - D12.776.157.530.400.175.32.500 MN - D12.776.543.550.450.175.32.500 MN - D12.776.543.585.400.175.32.500 MS - An anoctamin chloride channel expressed at high levels in the liver, skeletal muscle, and gastrointestinal muscles that functions in transepithelial anion transport and smooth muscle contraction. It is essential for the function of the INTERSTITIAL CELLS OF CAJAL and plays a major role in chloride conduction by airway epithelial cells and in tracheal cartilage development. HN - 2018 MH - Anoctamins UI - D000075368 MN - D12.776.157.530.400.175.32 MN - D12.776.543.550.450.175.32 MN - D12.776.543.585.400.175.32 MS - A family of transmembrane proteins that function primarily as calcium-activated chloride channels. Structurally, they form a homodimer where each subunit consists of eight transmembrane helices with the N and C terminals exposed to the cytosol. The regions between helices 5 and 7 may be important for ion pore formation and calcium ion binding. HN - 2018 MH - Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies UI - D000075422 MN - D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.95 MN - D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.95 MN - D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.95 MS - Autoantibodies to citrullinated-peptides and proteins. HN - 2018 FX - Citrulline MH - Antimicrobial Stewardship UI - D000073602 MN - N4.452.706.477.400.500 MN - N4.761.879.300.500 MN - N5.700.900.300.500 MS - Programs and guidelines for selecting optimal ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS regimens in an effort to maintain antibiotic efficacy, reduce CROSS INFECTION related to ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE while managing satisfactory clinical and economic outcomes. HN - 2018 MH - Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological UI - D000074322 MN - D27.505.954.248.384 MS - Antineoplastic agents containing immunological agents (e.g. MAbs). These pharmacologic preparations inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS. HN - 2018 MH - Apelin UI - D000073861 MN - D12.644.276.150 MN - D23.529.134 MS - A 77 amino acid secreted endogenous ligand for the angiotensin II receptor-like 1 protein (APELIN RECEPTOR) that is proteolytically cleaved into four smaller peptides: Apelin-36, Apelin-31, Apelin-28, and Apelin-13. It inhibits entry of HIV into cells that express both APJ and CD4 ANTIGEN and is highly expressed in breast milk, where it may modulate the neonatal immune response. HN - 2018 MH - Apelin Receptors UI - D000075244 MN - D12.776.543.750.695.06 MS - G-protein coupled receptors for APELIN that function in a broad range of physiologic processes including blood pressure regulation and heart contractility. They also have an essential role in early embryo development for GASTRULATION and heart morphogenesis, and can also function as a CD4 co-receptor for HIV-1. HN - 2018 MH - Apolipoprotein L1 UI - D000075944 MN - D10.532.91.750.500 MN - D12.776.70.400.750.500 MN - D12.776.521.120.750.500 MS - An ApoL protein highly expressed by the liver. It has anti-trypanosomal activity through its ability to permeabilize TRYPANOSOMA membranes. Mutations in the APOL1 gene are associated with type 4 FOCAL SEGMENTAL GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS . HN - 2018 MH - Apolipoproteins L UI - D000075943 MN - D10.532.91.750 MN - D12.776.70.400.750 MN - D12.776.521.120.750 MS - A family of apolipoproteins occurring in humans that are structurally similar to B-CELL LEUKEMIA 2 FAMILY PROTEINS. In addition to their roles in cholesterol and lipid transport, they are expressed by MYELOID CELLS and ENDOTHELIAL CELLS during INFLAMMATION and may function to promote CELL DEATH. HN - 2018 MH - Apolipoproteins M UI - D000075243 MN - D10.532.91.100 MN - D12.776.70.400.100 MN - D12.776.157.469.25 MN - D12.776.521.120.100 MS - Apolipoproteins and lipocalins that occur in HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS. They bind or transport lipids in the blood including sphingosine-1-phosphate, MYRISTIC ACID; STEARIC ACIDS; and ALL-TRANS RETINOIC ACID. HN - 2018 MH - Aruba UI - D000073076 MN - Z1.107.84.113 MN - Z1.639.40.109 MS - Island in the Caribbean Sea, north of Venezuela. In 1986 it became a separate, autonomous member of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. MH - ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily B Member 11 UI - D000074020 MN - D12.776.157.530.100.652.438 MN - D12.776.157.530.450.74.500.500.875.438 MN - D12.776.395.550.20.610.534 MN - D12.776.543.550.192.610.534 MN - D12.776.543.585.100.610.438 MN - D12.776.543.585.450.74.500.500.875.438 MS - An ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B protein (P-glycoproteins) that functions in the ATP-dependent secretion of BILE SALTS into the BILE CANALICULI of HEPATOCYTES. Mutations in the ABCB11 gene are associated with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis 2 (see CHOLESTASIS, INTRAHEPATIC). HN - 2018 MH - ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family A UI - D000073874 MN - D12.776.157.530.100.190 MN - D12.776.395.550.20.381 MN - D12.776.543.550.192.381 MN - D12.776.543.585.100.190 MS - A large, highly conserved, subfamily of ATP binding cassette transporters structurally characterized by a membrane-spanning domain composed of six ALPHA-HELICES, a large extracellular loop, nucleotide-binding domain, and a conserved cytoplasmic 80 amino acid sequence. In humans, it includes ABCA1(ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER 1) through ABCA10, as well as ABCA12 and ABCA13. HN - 2018 MH - ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family A, Member 4 UI - D000073882 MN - D12.776.157.530.100.190.750 MN - D12.776.395.550.20.381.750 MN - D12.776.543.550.192.381.750 MN - D12.776.543.585.100.190.750 MS - An ATP binding cassette sub-family A transporter that translocates 11-cis and all-trans isomers of N-retinylidene-phosphatidylethanolamine (RETINOIDS) from the extracellular surface to the cytoplasmic membrane surface of RETINAL ROD CELLS and RETINAL CONE CELLS. Mutations in the ABCA4 gene are associated with Stargardt Disease 1, a hereditary juvenile form of MACULAR DEGENERATION. HN - 2018 MH - ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family D UI - D000074061 MN - D12.776.157.530.100.209 MN - D12.776.395.550.20.419 MN - D12.776.543.550.192.419 MN - D12.776.543.585.100.209 MS - A sub-family of ATP-binding cassette transporters that localize to the membranes of PEROXISOMES; ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM; and LYSOSOMES. Members contain a transmembrane domain in their N-terminal half and generally function as homodimers in the transport of LIPIDS; BILE ACIDS; and VITAMIN B12. Mutations in some ABCD transporter genes are associated with PEROXISOMAL DISORDERS. HN - 2018 MH - ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family D, Member 1 UI - D000074063 MN - D12.776.157.530.100.209.500 MN - D12.776.395.550.20.419.500 MN - D12.776.543.550.192.419.500 MN - D12.776.543.585.100.209.500 MS - An ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter that functions in the import of long chain (13-21 carbons) and very long chain fatty acids (> 22 carbons), or their acyl-CoA-derivatives, into PEROXISOMES. Mutations in the ABCD1 gene are associated with the X-linked form of ADRENOLEUKODYSTROPHY. HN - 2018 MH - ATPases Associated with Diverse Cellular Activities UI - D000074183 MN - D8.811.277.40.13.500 MN - D8.811.277.40.25.24 MN - D12.776.157.25.750 MS - A large highly-conserved family of ATPases with diverse functions in cells that are characterized by the presence of a P-LOOP and a ring shape. They couple the energy generated by ATP hydrolysis to remodeling or mechanical translocation of their target molecules. HN - 2018 FX - AAA Domain MH - Aversive Agents UI - D000075528 MN - D26.650.179 MN - D27.505.519.241 MN - D27.505.696.34.500 MN - D27.505.696.663.850.07.500 MN - D27.505.954.427.05.500 MN - D27.720.744.179 MS - Chemicals added to pharmacologic preparations, poisonous household goods, and other chemicals to discourage their abuse or consumption. HN - 2018 MH - B-Cell CLL-Lymphoma 10 Protein UI - D000074018 MN - D12.644.360.24.131.140 MN - D12.644.360.75.358.140 MN - D12.776.157.57.06.140 MN - D12.776.476.24.139.140 MN - D12.776.476.75.358.140 MS - A signal transducing adaptor protein that contains an N-terminal CARD DOMAIN and functions in the ADAPTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSE. It promotes PRO-CASPASE-9 maturation and APOPTOSIS, activation of NF-KAPPA B, and is a substrate for MALT1 PARACASPASE. HN - 2018 MH - Baculoviral IAP Repeat-Containing 3 Protein UI - D000075747 MN - D8.811.464.938.750.210.250 MN - D12.644.360.75.437.250 MN - D12.776.476.75.437.250 MS - A regulator of APOPTOSIS that functions as an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase. It contains three baculoviral IAP repeats in its N-terminal half, a CARD DOMAIN, and a RING finger domain at its C-terminus. It is highly expressed in fetal lung and kidney, and adult lymphoid tissues such as spleen, thymus, and peripheral blood lymphocytes. It functions in INFLAMMATION signaling, the INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSE, cell growth and proliferation, and metastasis of tumor cells. HN - 2018; for INHIBITOR OF APOPTOSIS 1 PROTEIN use INHIBITOR OF OF APOPTOSIS PROTEINS 2006-2017 MH - Bedridden Persons UI - D000075482 MN - M1.79 MS - Persons unable or unwilling, or otherwise incapacitated and not able to leave the bed due to physical or mental conditions. HN - 2018 FX - Disabled Persons FX - Frail Elderly MH - Bestrophins UI - D000075002 MN - D12.776.157.530.400.175.63 MN - D12.776.306.228 MN - D12.776.543.550.450.175.63 MN - D12.776.543.585.400.175.63 MS - A protein family characterized by a highly conserved N-terminus and four to six transmembrane helices; they function as bicarbonate permeable, calcium-activated chloride channels. Bestrophin-1 (BEST-1) and bestrophin-2 are highly expressed in human RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM cells and mutations in the BEST-1 gene are associated with VITELLIFORM MACULAR DYSTROPHY, TYPE 2. HN - 2018 MH - Betacoronavirus UI - D000073640 MN - B4.820.504.540.150.113 MS - A genus of the family CORONAVIRIDAE which causes respiratory or gastrointestinal disease in a variety of mostly mammals. Human betacoronaviruses include HUMAN ENTERIC CORONAVIRUS; HUMAN CORONAVIRUS OC43; MERS VIRUS; and SARS VIRUS. Members have either core transcription regulatory sequences of 5’-CUAAAC-3’ or 5’-CUAAAC-3’ and mostly have no ORF downstream to the N protein gene. AN - infection: coordinate IM with CORONAVIRUS INFECTIONS (IM) HN - 2018 MH - Betacoronavirus 1 UI - D000073641 MN - B4.820.504.540.150.113.500 MS - The type species of BETACORONAVIRUS genus causing gastroenteritis respiratory diseases in mammals. Previously separate species HUMAN CORONAVIRUS OC43; BOVINE CORONAVIRUS; Human enteric coronavirus; Equine coronavirus; and Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus merged into this species on the basis of similar genome nucleotide sequence and genome organization. AN - infection: coordinate IM with CORONAVIRUS INFECTIONS (IM) HN - 2018; for PORCINE HEMAGGLUTINATING ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS use CORONAVIRUS 1994-2017 BX - Encephalomyelitis Virus, Porcine Hemagglutinating BX - Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus MH - Biological Coevolution UI - D000073930 MN - G5.45.125 MN - G16.75.125 MS - The process of reciprocal evolutionary change occurring between pairs of species or among groups of species as they interact. HN - 2018 MH - Biological Variation, Individual UI - D000076103 MN - G16.115 MS - Differences in measurable biological values, characteristics, or traits, within one individual under different conditions for the individual such as fasting, season of the year, age, or state of wellness. HN - 2018 MH - Biological Variation, Population UI - D000073537 MN - G16.117 MS - Differences in measurable biological values, characteristics, or traits, among individuals of a population or between population groups. HN - 2018 FX - Genetic Variation FX - Reference Values MH - Body Contouring UI - D000073880 MN - E2.218.64 MN - E4.680.127 MS - Plastic surgery to shape many areas of the body simultaneously.This may include LIPECTOMY or RHYTIDOPLASTY or both. HN - 2018 MH - Body Packing UI - D000075066 MN - I1.198.240.142 MN - I1.880.735.191.26 MS - Concealing of drugs within the gastrointestinal tract or other body orifice for purposes of DRUG SMUGGLING or to avoid detection by law enforcement. Contraband other than drugs is also sometimes smuggled this way. HN - 2018 MH - Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2 UI - D000074010 MN - D12.776.395.550.448.150 MN - D12.776.543.484.500.150 MN - D12.776.543.550.418.150 MS - A GPI-linked membrane glycoprotein and antiviral factor that functions as a homodimer. It is induced by INTERFERON-GAMMA and blocks the release of enveloped mammalian viruses by directly tethering nascent VIRAL PARTICLES to the membranes of infected cells. HN - 2018 MH - Bronchial Thermoplasty UI - D000074060 MN - E4.14.85.500 MS - Thermal destruction of the excess bronchial SMOOTH MUSCLE tissue with heat delivered through a catheter assembly attached to a BRONCHOSCOPE. It is often used to control BRONCHIAL HYPERREACTIVITY in severe ASTHMA for better AIRWAY MANAGEMENT. HN - 2018 MH - Burkholderiales UI - D000073556 MN - B3.660.75.90 MS - An order of gram-negative bacteria of the class BETAPROTEOBACTERIA which include highly pathogenic species such as BURKHOLDERIA; BORDETELLA; and RALSTONIA. HN - 2018 MH - c-Mer Tyrosine Kinase UI - D000076202 MN - D8.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.03 MN - D12.776.543.750.630.03 MN - D12.776.624.664.700.37 MS - A receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX to the CYTOPLASM by binding ligands such as GALECTIN 3. It regulates many physiologic processes that include cell survival, migration, differentiation, and PHAGOCYTOSIS of apoptotic cells and ROD PHOTORECEPTORS in the RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM. Mutations in the MERTK gene are associated with type 38 RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; it also plays a critical role as an inhibitor of TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS signaling. HN - 2018 MH - C9orf72 Protein UI - D000073885 MN - D12.776.141 MS - A widely-expressed protein of approximately 400 to 500 amino acids. Its N-terminal region (DENN domain) interacts with RAB GTP-BINDING PROTEINS and may regulate AUTOPHAGY, as well as PROTEIN TRANSPORT to ENDOSOMES. Expansion of the GGGGCC hexanucleotide repeat in the first intron of the C9orf72 gene is associated with FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA with AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS (FTDALS1). HN - 2018 MH - Campylobacteraceae UI - D000073557 MN - B3.660.150.235.250 MS - A large and diverse group in the order CAMPYLOBACTERALES, individual species of which grow in aerobic and anaerobic conditions as free-living, commensal, or pathogenic forms. HN - 2018 MH - Campylobacterales UI - D000074707 MN - B3.660.150.235 MS - Gram negative microaerophilic bacteria of the phylum PROTEOBACTERIA, class EPSILONPROTEOBACTERIA. HN - 2018 MH - Cancer Survivors UI - D000073116 MN - M1.860.350 MS - Persons who have experienced prolonged survival with or the following neoplastic disease and the impact of the disease on the individual, family members, and significant others. HN - 2018 MH - Candida parapsilosis UI - D000074429 MN - B1.300.107.795.95.600 MN - B1.300.381.147.600 MN - B1.300.930.176.600 MS - A species of MITOSPORIC FUNGI and opportunistic pathogen associated with its ability to form BIOFILMS in catheters and parenteral nutrition IV lines. C. parapsilosis complex includes closely related species C. orthopsilosis; and C. metapsilosis. AN - infection: coordinate IM with CANDIDIASIS (IM) or its indentions (IM) HN - 2018 MH - Canola Oil UI - D000074262 MN - D10.627.700.66 MN - D20.215.784.750.66 MS - Oil derived from the seeds of any of several varieties of the BRASSICACEAE family of plants. HN - 2018(1974) MH - Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae UI - D000073182 MN - B3.440.450.425.189 MN - B3.660.250.150.97 MS - Strains of Enterobacteriaceae that are resistant to CARBAPENEMS, primarily due to the acquisition of carbapenemase (BETA-LACTAMASE) genes. AN - infection: coordinate IM with ENTEROBACTERIACAE INFECTIONS (IM) HN - 2018 FX - beta-Lactam Resistance MH - Carbonyl Reductase (NADPH) UI - D000074409 MN - D8.811.682.47.820.289 MS - NADPH-dependent reductase that catalyzes the reduction of many carbonyl compounds including QUINONES; PROSTAGLANDINS; and XENOBIOTICS. HN - 2018 (1974) MH - Cardiac Conduction System Disease UI - D000075224 MN - C14.280.123 MS - Diseases characterized by pathological irregularities in the HEART CONDUCTION SYSTEM. They may be associated with other heart diseases and syndromes (e.g., BRUGADA SYNDROME; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASE, HEART BLOCKS), isolated or may result from injuries. You can have a conduction disorder without having an arrhythmia, but some arrhythmias arise from conduction disorders. OMIM: 601144. HN - 2018(2013) MH - Caribbean Netherlands UI - D000073137 MN - Z1.107.84.169 MN - Z1.639.40.619 MS - A group Caribbean islands including Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, and Saba. HN - 2018 MH - Caryophyllales UI - D000073559 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.912.250.198.500 MS - Diverse and ecologically specialized dicotyledonous flowering plants that include trees, annuals, shrubs, lianas, mangroves, stem or leaf succulents, and insectivores; acting as important food sources in many cases. HN - 2018 MH - Caryophyllanae UI - D000074427 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.912.250.198 MS - Superorder of dicot plants in the class MAGNOLIOPSIDA. HN - 2018 MH - CCCTC-Binding Factor UI - D000076246 MN - D12.776.157.687.157 MN - D12.776.260.120 MN - D12.776.660.235.50 MN - D12.776.660.720.157 MN - D12.776.664.235.50 MN - D12.776.930.780.563 MS - A repressor protein with poly(ADP)-ribose binding activity that binds CHROMATIN and DNA; its structure consisting of 11 CYS2-HIS2 ZINC FINGERS allows it to recognize many different DNA target sites. It functions as a repressor by binding to INSULATOR ELEMENTS and preventing interaction between promoters and nearby enhancers and silencers. It plays a critical role in EPIGENETIC PROCESSES, including GENOMIC IMPRINTING. HN - 2018 (1998) MH - CD52 Antigen UI - D000074301 MN - D12.776.395.550.448.190 MN - D12.776.543.484.500.190 MN - D12.776.543.550.418.190 MN - D23.50.285.22 MN - D23.101.100.943 MS - A small GPI-linked glycoprotein expressed on the surface of normal and malignant B-CELLS; T-CELLS; MONOCYTES; MACROPHAGES; NK CELLS; and GRANULOCYTES. It is expressed densely and without modulation in many malignant T-cell neoplasms and therefore a target for antibody therapies (e.g., ALEMTUZUMAB). HN - 2018 MH - Celastrales UI - D000074423 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.500 MS - A taxonomic order of plants within the class MAGNOLIOPSIDA, which includes the staff vine. HN - 2018 MH - Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 UI - D000075982 MN - D12.776.395.550.200.115 MN - D12.776.543.550.200.128 MN - D23.50.301.350.115 MS - A cell adhesion molecule that contains extracellular immunoglobulin V and C2 domains. It mediates homophilic and heterophilic cell-cell adhesion independently of calcium, and acts as a tumor suppressor in NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CANCER (NSCLC) cells. Its interaction with NATURAL KILLER CELLS is important for their cytotoxicity and its expression by MAST CELLS plays a role in their interaction with neurons; it may also function in synapse assembly, nerve growth and differentiation. HN - 2018 FX - Immunoglobulin Domains MH - Cell Phone Use UI - D000075782 MN - F1.145.209.186 MN - F1.145.813.537 MS - Utilization of wireless phones for communication. HN - 2018 MH - Cell-Free Nucleic Acids UI - D000073888 MN - D13.444.154 MS - Nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) found circulating in SERUM; PLASMA; or other BODY FLUIDS. HN - 2018 FX - Liquid Biopsy MH - Centromere Protein A UI - D000076247 MN - D12.776.157.687.173 MN - D12.776.260.123 MN - D12.776.660.235.100 MN - D12.776.660.720.173 MN - D12.776.664.235.100 MN - D23.50.422.31 MS - A 17 kDa, centromeric, poly(ADP)-ribose binding protein that is structurally similar to HISTONE H3 and localizes to NUCLEOSOMES within the CENTROMERE; specifically within the region that binds KINETOCHORES, where it replaces histone H3. It plays a critical role in recruiting kinetochore proteins and progression through MITOSIS, chromosome segregation, and CYTOKINESIS. It also binds sera from patients with some scleroderma-like AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. HN - 2018 (1987) MH - Cerebral Intraventricular Hemorrhage UI - D000074042 MN - C10.228.140.300.535.200.600 MN - C14.907.253.573.200.600 MN - C23.550.414.913.100.600 MS - Bleeding within the CEREBRAL VENTRICLES. It is associated with intraventricular trauma, aneurysm, vascular malformations, hypertension and in VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT infants. HN - 2018 MH - Channelrhodopsins UI - D000075402 MN - D12.776.157.530.400.163 MN - D12.776.543.550.450.163 MN - D12.776.543.585.400.163 MN - D12.776.765.593.250 MS - A subfamily of rhodopsin proteins that function as light-gated ion channels in GREEN ALGAE. HN - 2018 MH - Charles Bonnet Syndrome UI - D000075562 MN - C10.597.606.762.300.500 MN - C23.888.592.604.764.300.500 MN - F1.700.750.300.500 MS - Repetitive visual hallucinations experienced mostly by elderly with diminished visual acuity or visual field loss, with awareness of the fictional nature of their hallucinations. It is not associated with delusions and other sensory hallucinations. HN - 2018 MH - Chemokine CCL18 UI - D000075366 MN - D12.644.276.374.200.110.100 MN - D12.644.276.374.200.600.75 MN - D12.776.467.374.200.110.100 MN - D12.776.467.374.200.600.75 MN - D23.125.300.110.100 MN - D23.125.300.600.250 MN - D23.469.200.110.100 MN - D23.469.200.600.75 MN - D23.529.374.200.110.100 MN - D23.529.374.200.600.75 MS - A CC-type chemokine highly expressed in the lungs, lymph nodes, placenta, and bone marrow; it is also expressed by DENDRITIC CELLS in the GERMINAL CENTER, and peripheral blood MACROPHAGES. It functions as a chemotactic factor that specifically attracts LYMPHOCYTES, especially B-Cells, into lymph node follicles, and naive T-cells towards dendritic cells and activated T-cells. It does not attract MONOCYTES or GRANULOCYTES. HN - 2018 MH - Chemokine CCL26 UI - D000075906 MN - D12.644.276.374.200.110.125 MN - D12.776.467.374.200.110.125 MN - D23.125.300.110.125 MN - D23.469.200.110.125 MN - D23.529.374.200.110.125 MS - A C-C chemokine expressed by all tissues that functions as a chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS and BASOPHILS. It binds to the CCR3 RECEPTOR. HN - 2018 MH - Chemokine CXCL16 UI - D000075743 MN - D12.644.276.374.200.120.75 MN - D12.776.467.374.200.120.75 MN - D12.776.503.280.718.500 MN - D12.776.543.750.705.940.734.500 MN - D12.776.543.750.710.450.625.500.500 MN - D12.776.543.750.710.450.750.734.500 MN - D23.125.300.120.75 MN - D23.469.200.120.75 MN - D23.529.374.200.120.75 MS - A CXCR6 receptor-binding chemokine that functions as a scavenger receptor for oxidized low density lipoprotein (OxLDL) when expressed by MACROPHAGES. Its secreted, or cytokine form induces a strong chemotactic response for MONOCYTES when it is expressed by DENDRITIC CELLS. HN - 2018 MH - Child, Adopted UI - D000073922 MN - M1.100 MS - Individual who becomes a child of a family by means of legal action. HN - 2018 FX - Adoption MH - Child, Foster UI - D000073921 MN - M1.107 MS - Individual who is unable to live safely with his or her family, usually due to abuse or neglect in the family home. In most instances the placement is or is intended to be non-permanent and is placed with another family. HN - 2018 FX - Foster Home Care MH - Chromadorea UI - D000073560 MN - B1.50.500.500.294.400 MS - A class of invertebrate freshwater roundworms of the phylum NEMATODA. Most members are parasites with well-adapted body surfaces and sophisticated esophageal glands and pharynx. HN - 2018 MH - Cigar Smoking UI - D000073863 MN - F1.145.958.875.500 MS - The SMOKING of CIGARS. HN - 2018; use SMOKING 2013-2017 MH - Cigarette Smoking UI - D000073865 MN - F1.145.958.875.750 MS - The SMOKING of CIGARETTES. HN - 2018; use SMOKING 2008-2017 MH - Circulating MicroRNA UI - D000074166 MN - D13.150.650.319.500 MN - D13.444.154.250 MN - D13.444.735.150.319.500 MN - D13.444.735.790.552.500.500 MS - MicroRNAs found in cell-free BODY FLUIDS such as SERUM; PLASMA; SALIVA; OR URINE. HN - 2018 MH - Circulating Tumor DNA UI - D000074141 MN - D13.444.154.500 MN - D13.444.308.425.500 MS - DNA released from tumor cells that is found circulating in PLASMA; SERUM; or other BODY FLUIDS. HN - 2018 MH - Citrullination UI - D000076302 MN - G2.111.660.871.790.600.300 MN - G2.111.691.600.300 MN - G3.734.871.790.600.300 MN - G5.308.670.600.300 MS - Conversion of ARGININE residues in proteins into CITRULLINE residues by PEPTIDYLARGININE DEIMINASES. HN - 2018 MH - Clinical Deterioration UI - D000075902 MN - C23.550.291.656.350 MS - A critical disease progression, often measured by a set of clinical parameters, which activates HOSPITAL RAPID RESPONSE TEAM. HN - 2018 MH - Clostridiaceae UI - D000073561 MN - B3.353.625.375 MS - A non-sulfate spore-forming anaerobic family of Gram-positive bacteria, of the class clostridia. HN - 2018 MH - Cocaine Smoking UI - D000074101 MN - F1.145.805.250.250 MS - SMOKING of COCAINE. HN - 2018 FX - Cocaine-Related Disorders MH - Coconut Oil UI - D000074263 MN - D10.627.700.186 MS - Oil derived from fruits of the coconut plant, COCOS NUCIFERA. HN - 2018(1982) MH - Communicable Diseases, Imported UI - D000076263 MN - C1.539.221.625 MS - Infectious diseases originating in one geographically delineated ecosystem that are carried (by travel or immigration) to another geographically delineated ecosystem by an infected individual, animal, or disease vector. HN - 2018 FX - Communicable Diseases, Emerging FX - Travel-Related Illness MH - Composting UI - D000076282 MN - N6.850.780.200.800.800.700.500 MN - N6.850.860.510.900.600.200 MS - A process of waste disposal involving the conversion of green waste (i.e. leaves, organic matter, food waste, manure) into soil-enhancing matter. HN - 2018 MH - Connexin 30 UI - D000075302 MN - D12.776.543.585.250.150 MS - A gap junction beta subunit that forms heteromeric hemichannels when paired with alpha subunits such as connexin-40 or CONNEXIN 43. Mutations in the connexin 30 gene (GJ6B) are associated with CLOUSTON'S SYNDROME and some hereditary forms of deafness. HN - 2018 MH - Conservation of Water Resources UI - D000074067 MN - J1.256.837 MN - N6.230.80.800 MS - Preservation and or management of WATER RESOURCES especially under conditions of scarce supply. HN - 2018 FX - Water Resources FX - Water Supply MH - Consumer Health Informatics UI - D000074522 MN - L1.313.187 MS - The field devoted in Informatics from multiple consumer or patient views. HN - 2018 MH - Contraceptive Effectiveness UI - D000073516 MN - E2.875.194.573 MS - The rate of success or failure of a method of CONTRACEPTION; CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS; or CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES. HN - 2018 FX - Pregnancy, Unplanned MH - Contraindications UI - D000075202 MN - E2.208 MS - A condition or factor associated with a recipient that makes the use of a drug, procedure, or physical agent improper or inadvisable. Contraindications may be absolute (life threatening) or relative (higher risk of complications in which benefits may outweigh risks). AN - general or unspecified; CONTRAINDICATIONS, DRUG and CONTRAINDICATIONS, PROCEDURE are also available; note entry term CONTRAINDICATIONS, PHYSICAL AGENT: coordinate with specific physical agent /adv eff or /ther use HN - 2018(1991) MH - Contraindications, Drug UI - D000075203 MN - E2.208.200 MS - A condition or factor associated with a recipient that makes the use of a specific drug improper or inadvisable. AN - coordinate with specific drug with /adv eff or /ther use HN - 2018 FX - Drug Interactions FX - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions MH - Contraindications, Procedure UI - D000075204 MN - E2.208.600 MS - A condition or factor associated with a recipient that makes the use of a procedure improper or inadvisable. AN - coordinate with specific procedure /adv eff HN - 2018 MH - COP9 Signalosome Complex UI - D000075686 MN - D5.500.139 MN - D8.811.37.750.250 MN - D8.811.277.656.300.887.375 MS - A multiprotein complex that functions as a peptide hydrolase, or isopeptidase to cleave NEDD8 PROTEIN from the CULLIN and UBIQUITIN-PROTEIN LIGASES, controlling the activity of the ligases. It is highly conserved in eukaryotes and typically consists of 8 subunits (CSN 1-8 proteins). The COP9 signalosome was originally identified in plants, where it controls gene transcription in response to light. HN - 2018 (1995); for COP9 SIGNALOSOME SUBUNIT 3 use SIGNALOSOME SUBUNIT 3 1998-2017 MH - Copper-transporting ATPases UI - D000073840 MN - D8.811.277.40.25.314.500 MN - D12.776.157.530.450.250.656 MN - D12.776.157.530.813.500 MN - D12.776.543.585.450.250.656 MN - D12.776.543.585.813.500 MS - P-type ATPases which transport copper ions across membranes in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. They possess a conserved CYSTEINE-HISTIDINE-SERINE (CPx) amino acid motif within their transmembrane helices that functions in cation translocation and catalytic activation, and an N-terminal copper-binding CxxC motif that regulates enzyme activity. They play essential roles in intracellular copper homeostasis through regulating the uptake, efflux and storage of copper ions, and in cuproprotein biosynthesis. HN - 2018 (1994) FX - Hepatolenticular Degeneration FX - Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome MH - Coral Snakes UI - D000073181 MN - B1.50.150.900.833.672.125.875.588 MS - Elapid snakes indigenous to the Southern United States, Central, and South America. They are generally less than 1 meter in length and have a brightly-colored ringed pattern. HN - 2018; use ELAPIDAE 1994-2017 BX - Coral Snake BX - Micrurus FX - Elapid Venoms MH - Crotalinae UI - D000073562 MN - B1.50.150.900.833.672.125.937.240 MS - A subfamily of snakes commonly known as pit vipers, crotaline snakes, or pit adders in the family VIPERIDAE. They are distinguished by a deep pit called a fossa or loreal, which functions as a heat-sensing organ located between the eye and nostril on either side of the head. AN - venom = CROTALID VENOMS HN - 2018; use Viperidae 1994-2017 MH - Cryobiology UI - D000073920 MN - H1.158.273.195 MS - The study of biological materials or systems subjected to temperatures below their normal range. AN - use for the discipline only HN - 2018 MH - Culicomorpha UI - D000073563 MN - B1.50.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500 MS - Insects of the order DIPTERA, suborder NEMATOCERA. They include mosquitoes, gnats, black flies, and true flies. HN - 2018 MH - Curacao UI - D000073096 MN - Z1.107.84.225 MS - Constituent country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Full autonomy in internal affairs was granted in 2010. It is an island located in the Caribbean Sea - north of Venezuela. (from CIA World Factbook) MH - CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1 UI - D000073883 MN - D12.776.543.750.695.160.500.150 MN - D12.776.543.750.705.852.125.500.150 MN - D12.776.543.750.830.700.315 MS - Receptor for CHEMOKINE CX3CL1 expressed by lymphocytes, neurons, and GLIAL CELLS. Its interaction with CX3CL1 mediates CELL ADHESION and CELL MIGRATION. It also functions as a co-receptor with the CD4 ANTIGEN for HIV-1 in vitro. HN - 2018 (1997) MH - Cytokine TWEAK UI - D000074049 MN - D12.644.276.374.750.155 MN - D12.776.467.374.750.155 MN - D23.529.374.750.155 MS - A proteolytically-cleaved membrane glycoprotein and member of the TNF superfamily that is highly expressed in a variety of tissues including heart, pancreas, brain, and peripheral blood lymphocytes. The secreted extracellular form is a weak inducer of APOPTOSIS for some cell types and a ligand for the FN14 RECEPTOR. It mediates activation of NF-KAPPA-B and promotes ANGIOGENESIS and proliferation of ENDOTHELIAL CELLS, as well as expression of cytokines involved in INFLAMMATION. HN - 2018 MH - Data Warehousing UI - D000073458 MN - L1.313.500.750.280.300 MN - L1.470.688 MS - A system for storing electronic data derived from various sources. HN - 2018 MH - DCC Receptor UI - D000075389 MN - D12.644.360.75.413 MN - D12.776.476.75.413 MN - D12.776.543.750.03.500 MN - D12.776.624.776.21 MS - A receptor for NETRIN-1 that contains four membrane distal (N-terminal) Ig-like C2 domains and six membrane proximal (C-terminal) fibronectin type III domains. It is expressed primarily in the nerve axons and differentiated intestinal cells and is required for AXON GUIDANCE, mediating axon attraction of neuronal GROWTH CONES; however, it may also trigger axon repulsion through association with the UNC5 netrin-1 receptor. DCC also induces APOPTOSIS when it is unbound from netrin-1. Deletions of the DCC gene are observed in tumor metastases and the protein is not expressed in undifferentiated COLORECTAL CARCINOMA cells. HN - 2018 MH - Deleted in Azoospermia 1 Protein UI - D000075364 MN - D12.776.157.725.813.375 MN - D12.776.664.962.813.375 MS - An RNA recognition motif protein that is essential for SPERMATOGENESIS. It promotes entry of male GERM CELLS to MEIOSIS, possibly by regulating the translation of mRNAs. DAZ1 occurs within a cluster of similar genes on the Y CHROMOSOME that is prone to genetic deletions and duplications. Deletions in these genes, including DAZ1, are associated with AZOOSPERMIA and OLIGOSPERMIA. HN - 2018 FX - RNA Recognition Motif MH - Demethylation UI - D000073398 MN - G2.111.188.500 MN - G2.607.141.500 MN - G3.219.500 MS - Removal of one or more methyl groups from a chemical compound. HN - 2018 MH - Dendroaspis UI - D000073178 MN - B1.50.150.900.833.672.125.875.419 MS - A genus of highly venomous elapid snake indigenous to sub-Saharan Africa. HN - 2018; use ELAPIDAE 1994-2017 BX - Mamba FX - Elapid Venoms MH - Desulfovibrionaceae UI - D000073564 MN - B3.660.125.138 MS - A family of obligately anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria of the class Deltaproteobacteria, order Desulfovibrionales. Majority are sulfate-reducing. HN - 2018 MH - Deubiquitinating Enzyme CYLD UI - D000074749 MN - D8.811.37.375 MN - D12.776.624.776.482 MS - A deubiquitinase and tumor-suppressor protein that specifically cleaves LYSINE-63-linked polyubiquitin chains and also has endodeubiquitinase activity. It functions to regulate NF-KAPPA B and WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY activity, contributing to cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Mutations in the CYLD gene are associated with cases of FAMILIAL CYLINDROMATOSIS. HN - 2018 MH - Diapause UI - D000074767 MN - G7.345.500.550.500.250 MS - A period of arrested growth or development in animals that is triggered by external conditions, such as length of day, extreme temperatures, or reduced food availability. It can occur at the embryonic, larval, pupal, or adult stage, depending on the species. HN - 2018 FX - Torpor MH - Diet, High-Protein UI - D000073600 MN - E2.642.249.268 MN - G7.203.650.240.269 MS - A diet that includes foods with a high protein content. HN - 2018 MH - Diet, High-Protein Low-Carbohydrate UI - D000076107 MN - E2.642.249.245.250 MN - E2.642.249.268.500 MN - G7.203.650.240.245.250 MN - G7.203.650.240.269.500 MS - A diet that consists mainly of foods with a high content of protein and limited amounts of CARBOHYDRATES. HN - 2018; for ATKINS DIET use DIET, CARBOHYDRATE-RESTRICTED 2006-2017; for SOUTH BEACH DIET use DIET, CARBOHYDRATE-RESTRICTED 2006-2017; MH - Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension UI - D000073601 MN - E2.642.249.475 MN - G7.203.650.240.325 MS - Dietary recommendations that promote reduction in or prevention of high blood pressure. Recommendations include increasing intake of fruits and vegetables, and high-fiber, low-fat foods and reducing the intake of DIETARY SODIUM and high fat foods. HN - 2018 MH - Dietary Exposure UI - D000074341 MN - N6.850.460.350.40 MS - The exposure to potentially harmful factors such as trace heavy metals, chemicals, radiation, or toxins due to FOOD CONTAMINATION including DRINKING WATER contamination. HN - 2018 FX - Food Safety FX - Foodborne Diseases MH - Dietary Sugars UI - D000073417 MN - D9.301.831 MN - D9.947.500 MN - G7.203.300.362.831 MN - J2.500.362.831 MS - MONOSACCHARIDES and DISACCHARIDES present in food, such as those present in fruits and vegetables and milk products, or those added to food such as DIETARY SUCROSE (table sugar) or HIGH FRUCTOSE CORN SYRUP. AN - /adv eff: coordinate with disease /etiol, not /chem ind; /ther use: coordinate with specific disease /diet ther HN - 2018; use DIETARY SUCROSE 1997-2017 BX - Sugars, Dietary MH - Dipsacales UI - D000074766 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.912.250.328 MS - An order of dicotyledonous flowering plants which includes six families. It is best known for its ornamental plants such as LONICERA (honeysuckle), VIBURNUM (arrowwood and guelder rose), and SCABIOSA (scabious, or pincushion flower). HN - 2018 MH - Discs Large Homolog 1 Protein UI - D000074288 MN - D8.811.913.696.650.450.500 MN - D12.644.360.24.287 MN - D12.776.157.57.23 MN - D12.776.476.24.325 MN - D12.776.543.213 MS - A signaling adaptor protein that contains three PDZ DOMAINS; an SH3 DOMAIN; and a GUANYLATE KINASE-like C-terminal region. It has an essential role in animal development and recruits ion channels, receptors, and signaling molecules to discrete plasma membrane regions of polarized cells in the HEART ATRIA MYOCARDIUM. It functions in the assembly of ADHERENS JUNCTIONS and regulation of CELL PROLIFERATION; synaptogenesis, LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; and controls expression of KV4 POTASSIUM CHANNELS to regulate excitability of CARDIAC MYOCYTES. HN - 2018 MH - Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein UI - D000076122 MN - D8.811.913.696.650.450.750 MN - D12.644.360.265 MN - D12.776.476.265 MN - D12.776.543.219 MN - D12.776.631.224 MS - A neuronal protein consisting of three PDZ DOMAINS, an SH3 DOMAIN, and a C-terminal guanylate kinase-like region (see MAGUK PROTEINS). It localizes to the POST-SYNAPTIC DENSITY and associates with the cytoplasmic tail of NMDA RECEPTORS and SHAKER POTASSIUM CHANNELS, playing a critical role in NMDA receptor-mediated SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY. HN - 2018 FX - SAP90-PSD95 Associated Proteins MH - Diverticular Diseases UI - D000076385 MN - C1.539.463.199 MN - C6.405.205.282 MS - Diseases of the DIVERTICULUM often due to infection and/or inflammation (DIVERTICULITIS). HN - 2018 FX - Diverticulum MH - DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1 UI - D000076123 MN - D8.811.913.555.500.350.100.500.500 MN - D12.776.157.687.313 MN - D12.776.660.720.313 MS - A DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase that contains a central CxxC type zinc finger motif. It binds poly(ADP)-ribose and its expression is regulated by POLY (ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE-1. DNMT1 methylates CpG residues, with a preference for hemimethylated DNA, and associates with DNA replication sites in S PHASE to maintain the methylation pattern in the newly synthesized strand, which is essential for EPIGENETIC PROCESSES. It also associates with CHROMATIN during G2 PHASE and MITOSIS to maintain DNA methylation independently of replication. It is responsible for maintaining methylation patterns established in development; mutations in the DNMT1 gene are associated with HEREDITARY SENSORY NEUROPATHY TYPE 1 class E. HN - 2018 (1999) FX - Zinc Fingers MH - DNA Demethylation UI - D000073399 MN - G2.111.188.500.500 MN - G2.607.141.500.500 MN - G3.219.500.500 MS - Removal of methyl groups from DNA by enzymes (such as DIOXYGENASES and N-DEMETHYLASES) or by chemical reagents. HN - 2018 MH - DNA Polymerase gamma UI - D000074002 MN - D8.811.913.696.445.308.300.169 MN - D12.776.575.280 MS - A DNA-directed DNA polymerase that functions in the replication of MITOCHONDRIAL DNA. Mutations in the gene that encodes this enzyme (POLG) are associated with some forms of OPHTHALMOPLEGIA, CHRONIC EXTERNAL PROGRESSIVE. HN - 2018 (1997) MH - Drug Misuse UI - D000076064 MN - E2.319.306 MS - Use of a drug for a purpose not consistent with legal or medical guidelines. HN - 2018 MH - Dual Oxidases UI - D000074623 MN - D8.811.682.608.575.500 MN - D12.776.331.894.500 MN - D12.776.543.653.500 MS - NADPH oxidases that contain two additional EF HAND MOTIFS and an N-terminal PEROXIDASE domain. They are expressed by THYROCYTES and EPITHELIAL CELLS of the kidney, liver, trachea, lung, and glandular tissues such as the testis, pancreas, and prostate. They are critical for the activity of THYROID PEROXIDASE and play a role in the production of thyroid hormones; they may also have antimicrobial activity through the generation of REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES. HN - 2018 MH - Dysbindin UI - D000074765 MN - D12.776.210.500.410.250 MN - D12.776.220.362.125 MN - D12.776.543.268.250 MN - D12.776.543.990.447 MN - D12.776.631.262 MS - A dystrophin-associated protein and component of the Biogenesis of Lysosomal Organelles Complex-1 (BLOC-1 complex) which is essential for the formation of LYSOSOME - derived organelles such as platelet dense granules and MELANOSOMES. DTNBP1 is expressed primarily in the brain and neurons, where it functions with ADAPTOR PROTEIN COMPLEX 3 to transport membrane proteins to NEURITES and nerve terminals. It also regulates the release of neurotransmitters, transport of synaptic vesicles, and localization of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS. Mutations in the DTNBP1 gene are associated with Type 7 HERMANSKY-PUDLAK SYNDROME and SCHIZOPHRENIA. HN - 2018 MH - Dysferlin UI - D000073939 MN - D12.776.210.500.248 MN - D12.776.543.225 MS - A membrane protein that contains multiple C2 DOMAINS. It is highly expressed in skeletal muscle and functions as a calcium ion sensor in SYNAPTIC VESICLE-PLASMA MEMBRANE fusion, as well as in SARCOLEMMA repair following mechanical stress. Mutations in the dysferlin (DYSF) gene are associated with several hereditary MUSCULAR DYSTROPHIES. HN - 2018 MH - Early Goal-Directed Therapy UI - D000074388 MN - E2.760.190.203 MS - Critical care treatment using intensive monitoring and aggressive management of perioperative hemodynamics in high risk patients, HN - 2018 MH - Egypt, Ancient UI - D000076144 MN - Z1.586.35.325 MS - A civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in the area of Egypt. It was active from 3100 B.C. until its conquest by Alexander the Great in 332 B.C. HN - 2018 MH - Elongin UI - D000075065 MN - D12.776.260.197 MN - D12.776.930.215 MS - A heterotrimeric protein complex composed of 110 kDa elongin A, 18 kDa elongin B, and 15 kDa elongin C subunits. It functions as a positive regulator of RNA POLYMERASE II, increasing its rate of transcriptional elongation by suppressing transient pausing along the DNA template. Elongin A is the transcriptionally active component; elongins B and C enhance its activity. HN - 2018 (1995) MH - Endothelial Protein C Receptor UI - D000074283 MN - D12.776.395.550.294 MN - D12.776.543.550.294 MN - D12.776.543.750.45 MS - A glycosylated transmembrane receptor for PROTEIN C that is highly expressed by endothelial cells on the surface of large blood vessels in the heart and lungs. It facilitates protein C activation by the THROMBIN and THROMBOMODULIN complex in blood coagulation. HN - 2018 MH - Environmental Biomarkers UI - D000074062 MN - D23.101.258 MN - G16.505 MN - N6.850.460.350.80.250 MS - A factor associated with the well-being of living organisms that is used as a measure of environmental change and or influence. For example, aldehyde dehydrogenase expression in earthworm tissue is used as an indication of heavy metal pollution in soils. Distinguish from BIOMARKERS. HN - 2018 MH - Epileptic Syndromes UI - D000073376 MN - C10.228.140.490.493 MS - EPILEPTIC SEIZURES that are of similar type and age of onset and have other similar features (e.g., clinical course, EEG findings, genetic association and neuropathology). HN - 2018 MH - Equivalence Trial UI - D000073843 MN - V3.175.250.500.500.125 MS - Trial that aims to show a new treatment is no better and no worse than the standard treatment. AN - this heading is used as a Publication Type; for original report of the conduct or results of a specific equivalence trial; a different heading EQUIVALENCE TRIALS AS TOPIC is used for general design, methodology, economics, etc. of equivalence trials HN - 2018 MH - Equivalence Trials as Topic UI - D000074099 MN - E5.318.760.250.500.365.500.125 MN - N5.715.360.775.88.500.387.500.250 MN - N6.850.520.450.250.250.365.500.250 MS - Works about trials that aim to show a new treatment is no better and no worse than the standard treatment. HN - 2018 MH - Essential Hypertension UI - D000075222 MN - C14.907.489.165 MS - Hypertension that occurs without known cause, or preexisting renal disease. Associated polymorphisms for a number of genes have been identified, including AGT, GNB3, and ECE1. OMIM: 145500 HN - 2018(2013) MH - Eutheria UI - D000073566 MN - B1.50.150.900.649.313 MS - Mammals which nourish their young in utero by means of a complex placenta, and give birth to their young alive. They include PRIMATES; CARNIVORA, WHALES; RUMINANTS; BATS; and RODENTS. HN - 2018 MH - Expression of Concern UI - D000075742 MN - V1.405 MS - A notification about the integrity of a published article that is typically written by an editor and should be labelled prominently in the item title. It is the responsibility of the editor to initiate appropriate investigative procedures, discover the outcome of the investigation, and notify readers of that outcome in a subsequent published item. The outcome may require the publication of a retraction notice. HN - 2018 MH - Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy UI - D000074059 MN - E2.565.280.945.200 MN - E2.779.488 MN - E2.831.535.488 MS - A nonsurgical treatment that uses either HIGH-ENERGY SHOCK WAVES or low energy ACOUSTIC WAVES to treat various musculoskeletal conditions (e.g., PLANTAR FASCIITIS; TENNIS ELBOW). A probe placed on the skin conducts the shock waves thereby delivering a mechanical force to the body’s tissues. HN - 2018 MH - F-Box-WD Repeat-Containing Protein 7 UI - D000073979 MN - D8.811.464.938.750.750.750 MN - D12.776.157.169.750 MN - D12.776.167.242 MS - A component of SCF(FBW7) UBIQUITIN LIGASE that contains an F-box motif and multiple WD REPEATS. It recognizes and binds phosphorylated signals in several proteins involved in CELL PROLIFERATION and targets them to the SCF complex for UBIQUITINATION. Targets include CYCLIN E; PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-JUN; PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-MYC; and JNK MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES. HN - 2018 MH - Fagales UI - D000073567 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.750 MS - Order of dicotyledonous flowering plants in the superorder ROSANAE, and class MAGNOLIOPSIDA. They include birch, beech, bayberry, and walnut species. HN - 2018 MH - Faith-Based Organizations UI - D000073576 MN - N3.540.297 MS - Organizations such as (1) congregations; (2) national networks, which include national denominations, their social service arms (for example, Catholic Charities, Lutheran Social Services), and networks of related organizations (such as YMCA and YWCA); and (3) freestanding religious organizations, which are incorporated separately from congregations and national networks. http://www.huduser.gov/portal/publications/faithbased.pdf HN - 2018 MH - Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group N Protein UI - D000076164 MN - D12.776.313.953 MN - D12.776.624.776.51 MN - D12.776.660.323 MS - A Fanconi anemia complementation group protein that contains an N-terminal DNA-binding region and seven, C-terminal, WD REPEATS. It is an essential factor in HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION DNA REPAIR through its interactions with BRCA2 PROTEIN; RAD51 RECOMBINASE; and BRCA1 PROTEIN. It functions as a molecular scaffold to localize and stabilize these proteins at homologous recombination sites. Mutations in the PALB2 gene are associated with FANCONI ANEMIA complementation group N; type 3 PANCREATIC NEOPLASMS; and susceptibility to BREAST CANCER. HN - 2018 MH - Fascism UI - D000074440 MN - I1.696.480 MS - Political movement which combines nationalism with demands for political and social renewal. Characteristics include militaristic nationalism, belief in a natural social hierarchy and the rule of elites, and the desire to create a “people’s community”, in which individual interests would be subordinated to the good of the nation. (From www.britannica.com/topic/fascism) HN - 2018 MH - Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3 UI - D000074026 MN - D12.776.157.170.125 MS - A small cytosolic fatty-acid binding protein that forms a lipid-binding beta-barrel structure and is expressed by CARDIOMYOCYTES and at lower levels in brain tissue. It is released into plasma immediately following cardiac injury and may therefore serve as a useful biomarker for the early detection of MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. HN - 2018 MH - Feliformia UI - D000073568 MN - B1.50.150.900.649.313.750.377 MS - A suborder of cat-like mammals in the order CARNIVORA. Examples include HYENAS; MONGOOSES; CIVETS; and related species. They are distinguishable from dog-like carnivores. HN - 2018 MH - FERM Domains UI - D000075926 MN - G2.111.570.820.709.275.750.500.422 MS - Widely occuring protein domains that function to link signaling and CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS to the PLASMA MEMBRANE. They occur mostly at the N-terminal region of proteins that contain them. HN - 2018 MH - Fermented Foods UI - D000074421 MN - G7.203.200 MN - J2.350 MS - Foods and beverages that are prepared by using microorganisms to convert their components into various FERMENTATION end products. Some pickled foods are considered fermented foods as their pickling results from the microbial production of LACTIC ACID. HN - 2018 MH - Food Addiction UI - D000073932 MN - F1.145.527.100.120.500 MN - F3.400.813 MS - A cluster of chemical dependencies to specific foods or food in general in which there develops a physical craving for these foods. HN - 2018 FX - Pica MH - Food Ingredients UI - D000074385 MN - D27.720.372 MN - G7.203.300.514 MN - J2.500.514 MS - Substances included in prepared foods and beverages. HN - 2018 MH - Food Intolerance UI - D000073923 MN - C23.888.821.387 MS - Digestive system disorder where a particular food irritates the digestive tract or cannot be properly digested (i.e., due to a lack of a digestive enzyme). It differs from FOOD HYPERSENSITIVITY which is an immune system disorder, usually due to specific proteins in food. http://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/problem-foods-is-it-an-allergy-or-intolerance. HN - 2018 MH - Forkhead Box Protein L2 UI - D000074842 MN - D12.776.260.950.249.32 MN - D12.776.930.977.249.32 MS - A forkhead box transcription factor that is expressed in the developing eyelid and during very early development of the gonad, prior to sex determination. It is essential for development of the ovary and inhibits SOX9 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR to prevent differentiation to testes. It also induces APOPTOSIS in ovarian cells. Mutations in the FOXL2 gene are associated with BLEPHAROPHIMOSIS; Ptosis, and Epicanthus inversus (BPES with ovarian failure). HN - 2018 MH - Frailty UI - D000073496 MN - C23.550.359 MS - A state of increased vulnerability to stressors, following declines in function and reserves across multiple physiologic systems, characterized by MUSCLE WEAKNESS; FATIGUE; slowed motor performance; low physical activity; and unintentional weight loss. AN - coordinate with FRAIL ELDERLY if pertinent HN - 2018 FX - Asthenia MH - Funeral Homes UI - D000074100 MN - J3.240 MS - Facilities for the preparation of the dead for burial or cremation, for the viewing of the body, and for funeral services. HN - 2018; use MORTUARY PRACTICE 1963-2017 MH - Gain of Function Mutation UI - D000073659 MN - G5.365.590.288 MS - A mutation that results in an increase in a gene's activity or in acquiring a new molecular function or a new pattern of gene expression. HN - 2018 MH - Gammacoronavirus UI - D000073642 MN - B4.820.504.540.150.400 MS - A genus of the family CORONAVIRIDAE that causes respiratory or gastrointestinal disease in avian species (or birds). The type species, AVIAN CORONAVIRUS, includes the previously separate species TURKEY CORONAVIRUS; and INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS VIRUS. AN - infection: coordinate IM with CORONAVIRUS INFECTIONS (IM) HN - 2018 MH - Gender-Based Violence UI - D000074386 MN - I1.198.240.856.463 MS - Violence based on gender on gender that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or mental harm or suffering, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life. (From www.who.int/topics/gender_based_violence/en/) HN - 2018 MH - Gene Drive Technology UI - D000075423 MN - E5.393.420.175.500 MS - The techniques involved in creating and inserting synthetic selfish genetic elements called gene drives. Gene drives carry a "payload gene" and are designed to increase in frequency in the population over time, eventually to all members of the population. HN - 2018 MH - Graphic Novels as Topic UI - D000073924 MN - L1.178.682.192.289.500 MS - Works about book-length narratives told using a combination of words and sequential art, often presented in comic book style. HN - 2018 MH - Greece, Ancient UI - D000076145 MN - Z1.586.35.519 MS - A civilization extant from about 1200 BC. to the death of Alexander the Great, in 323 B.C. It extended from the Greek city states to North Africa and eastward to the Indus River. HN - 2018 MH - Greenhouse Gases UI - D000074382 MN - D1.362.311 MN - D27.888.284.101.696 MS - Gaseous elements, chemicals that are in the atmosphere that may contribute to GREENHOUSE EFFECT. HN - 2018 FX - Global Warming FX - Greenhouse Effect FX - Ozone Depletion MH - Guanylyl Cyclase C Agonists UI - D000074268 MN - D27.505.519.374.400 MN - D27.505.954.483.590 MS - Compunds that bind to and activate GUANYLYL CYCLASE-C RECEPTORS. HN - 2018 MH - Health Information Interoperability UI - D000073892 MN - L1.313.500.750.280.555 MN - L1.470.813 MS - Automatic and seamless exchange or cross-talk of HEALTH INFORMATION across HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS. HN - 2018 MH - Health Risk Behaviors UI - D000073599 MN - F1.145.488.250 MS - Pattern of behavior which predisposes certain individuals to increased risk for contracting disease or sustaining personal injury. These behaviors may cluster into a risky lifestyle. AN - coordinate with specific type of behavior (e.g. DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE) HN - 2018 FX - Dangerous Behavior FX - Risk Reduction Behavior FX - Risk-Taking MH - Healthy Aging UI - D000073656 MN - F1.829.458.205.250 MS - The development and maintenance of optimal physical, mental, spiritual, and social well-being and function with advancing age. HN - 2018 MH - Heat Shock Transcription Factors UI - D000076249 MN - D12.776.157.687.450 MN - D12.776.260.260 MN - D12.776.660.720.462 MN - D12.776.930.317 MS - Heat and cold stress-inducible, transcription factors that bind to inverted 5'-NGAAN-3' pentamer DNA sequences and are regulated by poly(ADP) ribosylation. They play essential roles as transcriptional activators of the HEAT-SHOCK RESPONSE by inducing expression of large classes of MOLECULAR CHAPERONES and heat-shock proteins. They also function in DNA REPAIR; transcriptional reactivation of latent HIV-1; and pre-mRNA processing and nuclear export of HSP70 HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS during heat stress. HN - 2018 (1992) FX - Heat-Shock Proteins MH - Heavy Metal Poisoning UI - D000075322 MN - C25.723.522 MS - Poisoning that results from chronic or acute ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of HEAVY METALS. Acute and chronic exposures can cause ANEMIA; KIDNEY and LIVER damage; PULMONARY EDEMA; MEMORY LOSS and behavioral changes; bone deformities in children; and MISCARRIAGE or PREMATURE LABOR in pregnant women. HN - 2018(2010) FX - Metals, Heavy MH - Helicobacteraceae UI - D000073569 MN - B3.660.150.235.500 MS - A family of Gram-negative bacteria of the order CAMPYLOBACTERALES that have a helical shape, and occur in the mammalian digestive track. HN - 2018 MH - Heller Myotomy UI - D000074434 MN - E4.210.511 MN - E4.515.750.250 MS - Surgical incision of the lower esophageal sphincter near the CARDIA often used to treat ESOPHAGEAL ACHALASIA. HN - 2018 MH - Hemachatus UI - D000073179 MN - B1.50.150.900.833.672.125.875.516 MS - A genus of elapid snake indigenous to Southern Africa. It is closely related to the cobras (Naja) and is capable of spitting its venom. HN - 2018; use ELAPIDAE 1994-2017 MH - Hemodynamic Monitoring UI - D000074743 MN - E1.370.370.428 MN - E1.370.520.365 MS - Continuous measurement of the movement and forces of blood in the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM. HN - 2018 MH - Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A1 UI - D000076245 MN - D12.776.157.687.462 MN - D12.776.157.725.813.750.100.500 MN - D12.776.260.735.500.500 MN - D12.776.660.235.700.500.500 MN - D12.776.664.962.813.750.100.500 MS - A heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein that contains an RNA-BINDING MOTIF and has poly(ADP)ribose-binding capability. It functions in the packaging of pre-mRNA into hnRNP particles for export to the cytoplasm and may play a role in RNA SPLICING site selection. HN - 2018 (2003) MH - High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 1 UI - D000074289 MN - D8.811.277.656.300.760.420 MN - D8.811.277.656.959.350.420 MS - A secreted serine protease that contains a Kazal domain-like region and a C-terminal PDZ domain. It has a broad range of targets that include EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEINS; PROTEOGLYCANS; and INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR BINDING PROTEINS. Mutations in the HTRA1 gene are associated with AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION 7 and Cerebral Autosomal Recessive Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL). HN - 2018 FX - Kazal Motifs FX - PDZ Domains MH - High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 2 UI - D000074923 MN - D8.811.277.656.300.760.431 MN - D8.811.277.656.959.350.431 MN - D12.644.360.75.429 MN - D12.776.476.75.429 MN - D12.776.575.656 MN - D12.776.637.625 MS - A serine peptidase that contains a C-terminal PDZ domain. It localizes to the mitochondrial membrane and intermembrane space, translocating to the cytoplasm following APOPTOSIS stimuli, such as UV irradiation; it promotes cell death by binding to and inhibiting INHIBITOR OF APOPTOSIS PROTEINS, resulting in an increase in activity of CASPASES. Mutations in the HTRA2 gene are associated with Type 13 PARKINSON DISEASE. HN - 2018 (2000) FX - PDZ Domains MH - Histone Deacetylase 6 UI - D000073864 MN - D8.811.277.87.520.350 MS - A class II histone deacetylase that removes acetyl groups from N-terminal LYSINES of HISTONE H2A; HISTONE H2B; HISTONE H3; and HISTONE H4. It plays a critical role in EPIGENETIC REPRESSION and regulation of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, as well as CELL MOTILITY through deacetylation of TUBULIN. It also targets misfolded proteins for clearance by AUTOPHAGY when MOLECULAR CHAPERONE-mediated folding is overwhelmed. HN - 2018 MH - Holometabola UI - D000074748 MN - B1.50.500.131.617.720.500.500 MS - A superorder of insects within the NEOPTERA that go through metamorphosis from egg to larva, pupa, and adult stages. Orders of MOSQUITOES; BEES; BUTTERFLIES; and FLEAS belong to this group. HN - 2018 MH - Human Genetics UI - D000074705 MN - H1.158.273.343.385 MS - The scientific study of inherited human variation. AN - use for the discipline only; note that Medical Genetics is available for the subfield of human genetics dealing with genetic or hereditary disorders HN - 2018; use GENETICS, MEDICAL 1980-2017 BX - Genetics, Human MH - Hyaluronan Synthases UI - D000076002 MN - D8.811.913.400.450.480.500 MS - Membrane-associated glucuronosyltransferases that catalyze the reaction of UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and UDP-D-glucuronate to produce HYALURONAN. HYALURONAN SYNTHASE 2 (HAS2) is essential for embryogenesis and its expression by tumor cells is associated with metastasis. HN - 2018 (1976); was HYALURONAN SYNTHASE 1976-2017 MH - Hydrophiidae UI - D000073180 MN - B1.50.150.900.833.672.125.875.564 MS - A subfamily of marine elapid snakes comprising about 50 species with flattened oar-like tails used as sculls. They are found mostly in the coastal waters of south Asia and Australia. The largest reach a length of almost 9 feet but most species are only about a third as long. They are all venomous. (Goin, Goin, and Zug, Introduction to Herpetology, 3d ed, pp331-3; Moore: Poisonous Snakes of the World, 1980, p159) HN - 2018; use ELAPIDAE 1994-2017 FX - Elapid Venoms MH - Hypoadrenocorticism, Familial UI - D000075262 MN - C19.53.500.263.500 MS - Hereditary forms of Addison disease that may exhibit autosomal recessive or X-linked inheritance. They are characterized by severe neurological symptoms, APNEA; and death in infancy. OMIM: 240200 HN - 2018(2010) MH - Immune Privilege UI - D000073860 MN - G12.535.425.460 MS - Phenomenon which occurs in certain tissue sites and organs (e.g., the ANTERIOR CHAMBER and CORNEA of the eye, brain PARENCHYMAL TISSUE and fetus) to tolerate a known antigen, thereby suppressing the inflammatory immune response. Foreign tissue grafts survive for prolonged periods when placed within such immune privileged sites and organs. HN - 2018 MH - Immune Reconstitution UI - D000074243 MN - G12.432 MS - Regeneration of normal immune function after immune depleting procedures or infections (e.g., HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION). Delayed and incomplete reconstitution of the ADAPTIVE IMMUNE system in particular involving T-CELLS is associated with increase or relapse of infection. HN - 2018 FX - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome MH - Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis UI - D000075363 MN - C4.557.595.250 MN - C18.452.845.500.550 MN - C20.683.515.507 MN - C20.683.780.565 MS - A nonproliferative disorder of the PLASMA CELL characterized by excessive production and misfolding of IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS that form insoluble amyloid fibrils (see AMYLOID DEPOSITS) in various tissues. Clinical features include LIVER FAILURE; MULTIPLE MYELOMA; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY, and neuropathies. HN - 2018(2010) MH - Immunoturbidimetry UI - D000074024 MN - E5.196.712.650.500 MN - E5.478.566.510 MN - E5.601.470.510 MS - Immunochemical analysis which measures specific target antigen bound to antibody complex. Antibodies in assay form insoluble light scattering immune-aggregates which cause changes in the measured turbidity proportional to the concentration of the antigen. HN - 2018 MH - Incivility UI - D000075282 MN - F1.145.813.301 MN - I1.880.735.461 MS - Low-intensity deviant behavior with ambiguous intent to harm the target, in violation of norms for mutual respect. HN - 2018 MH - Indochina UI - D000075884 MN - Z1.252.145.232 MS - Area in Southeastern Asia that comprises CAMBODIA, LAOS, and VIETNAM. HN - 2018 MH - Information Technology UI - D000073256 MN - L1.479 MS - Interconnected system that is used in the automatic acquisition, storage, manipulation, movement, control, display, interchange, transmission, routing or reception of data or information, including computers, ancillary equipment, system software, support services, and related resources. (NAL Agricultural Thesaurus) HN - 2018 MH - Inhibitor of Growth Protein 1 UI - D000076023 MN - D12.644.360.368 MN - D12.776.476.383 MN - D12.776.624.776.503 MN - D12.776.660.494 MS - A nuclear protein and tumor suppressor that contains a C-terminal PHD ZINC FINGER. It is expressed in different isoforms in various tissues and interacts with TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P53 to negatively regulate cell growth. Reduced expression and chromosomal rearrangements of the ING1 gene are associated with different cancers including HEAD AND NECK NEOPLASMS. HN - 2018 MH - Injection Site Reaction UI - D000075662 MN - C23.550.340.500 MN - C25.100.781 MS - Adverse reactions that occur initially at the site of injection or infusion. Milder type is confined to a local allergic flare reaction. A more severe reaction is caused by extravasation of VESICANTS from the blood vessel at the site of injection and can cause damage to the surrounding tissue. In tumor flare reaction symptoms involve well beyond the injection site such as an increase in the tumor size and tumor markers levels, bone pain, and HYPERCALCEMIA. HN - 2018 MH - Integrative Oncology UI - D000073196 MN - E2.190.463 MS - These evidence-based therapies to reduce symptoms associated with treatment of cancer. HN - 2018 MH - Interatrial Block UI - D000074021 MN - C14.280.67.558.430 MN - C14.280.123.500.430 MN - C23.550.73.425.270 MS - Impaired or delayed impulse conduction between the right and left HEART ATRIA. Advanced interatrial blocks are often associated with arrhythmias (e.g., ATRIAL FLUTTER; and ATRIAL FIBRILLATION), direct conduction block via the Bachmann's bundle and concomitant left atrial enlargement. Syndrome of advanced interatrial block associated with SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA is referred to as Bayes syndrome. HN - 2018 MH - Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-3 UI - D000074001 MN - D12.776.395.550.200.494 MN - D12.776.543.550.200.494 MN - D23.50.301.350.494 MS - A membrane glycoprotein and cell adhesion molecule expressed by LEUKOCYTES that contains multiple Ig-like domains. It is a ligand for LFA-1 (integrin alphaLbeta2) and integrin alpha-D/beta-2. Its interaction with LFA-1 may play a role in the PHAGOCYTOSIS of NEUTROPHILS by MACROPHAGES following APOPTOSIS. HN - 2018 FX - Immunoglobulin Domains MH - Interdisciplinary Placement UI - D000073919 MN - I2.578 MS - Teaching strategy of shared learning based cross-discipline experiences and placements. HN - 2018 MH - Interdisciplinary Research UI - D000075762 MN - H1.770.644.287 MS - Research combining mastery in distinct fields or disciplines that apply and exchange tools, concepts, ideas, data methods, or results around a common project. HN - 2018 MH - Intraepithelial Lymphocytes UI - D000075942 MN - A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.50 MN - A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.50 MN - A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.50 MN - A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.50 MN - A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.50 MN - A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.50 MS - T Lymphocytes with limited diversity of receptors (e.g., ALPHA E INTEGRINS) in the epidermis of the skin and the mucosal linings. They recognize common microbes via T-CELL RECEPTORS and PATHOGEN-ASSOCIATED MOLECULAR PATTERN MOLECULES and function as effector cells for INNATE IMMUNITY. Activation of intraepithelial lymphocytes is a marker for various gastrointestinal diseases (e.g., CELIAC DISEASE; HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA; and ENTEROPATHY-ASSOCIATED T-CELL LYMPHOMA). HN - 2018 MH - Involuntary Fertility Control UI - D000075764 MN - I1.880.604.528.250 MS - Behavior that interferes with a woman's autonomous reproductive decision-making. HN - 2018; use COERCION 1980-2017 MH - Involuntary Treatment UI - D000074441 MN - I1.880.604.528 MS - Procedures, surgery, or other treatment without consent of person or persons receiving treatment. HN - 2018 MH - Involuntary Treatment, Psychiatric UI - D000076083 MN - I1.880.604.528.500 MS - Treatment of persons with MENTAL DISORDERS without the persons' consent. HN - 2018 MH - Ion Mobility Spectrometry UI - D000075663 MN - E5.196.867.427 MS - Techniques for separation and identification of ionized molecules based on their drift through a gas phase after being accelerated by an electric field. Their mobilities will be effected by their shape, size, and charge. HN - 2018 MH - Ipilimumab UI - D000074324 MN - D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.60.798 MN - D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.60.798 MN - D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.798 MS - An anti-CTLA-4 ANTIGEN monoclonal antibody initially indicated for the treatment of certain types of metastatic MELANOMA. Its mode of actions may include blocking of CTLA-4 mediated inhibition of CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTES, allowing for more efficient destruction of target tumor cells. HN - 2018(2012) FX - CTLA-4 Antigen MH - Janus Kinase Inhibitors UI - D000075242 MN - D27.505.519.389.755.500 MS - Agents that inhibit JANUS KINASES. HN - 2018 MH - Katanin UI - D000074201 MN - D8.811.277.40.13.500.250 MN - D8.811.277.40.25.24.250 MN - D12.776.157.25.750.250 MN - D12.776.220.600.450.325 MN - D12.776.631.560.338 MS - An AAA ATPase consisting of the 60 kDa ATPase subunit (p60 subunit A1) which severs MICROTUBULES, and an 80 kDa accessory protein (p80 subunit B1), which targets the enzyme to the CENTROSOME. It releases microtubules from the mitotic SPINDLE POLES to allow depolymerization and poleward motion of chromosomes. It is also a regulator of microtubule dynamics in NEURONAL OUTGROWTH. HN - 2018 (1993) FX - AAA Domain MH - Kazal Motifs UI - D000074161 MN - G2.111.570.820.709.275.500.490 MS - Highly conserved protein domains characteristic of SERINE PROTEASE INHIBITORS, KAZAL TYPE. They generally occur as tandem repeats, with each domain consisting of approximately 60 amino acids that form a large extended amino acid chain, two short ALPHA-HELICES, and a three-stranded anti-parallel BETA-SHEET. Kazal-like domains also occur in the extracellular portions of AGRIN. HN - 2018 MH - Keratectomy UI - D000074431 MN - E4.378 MS - Surgical excision of a part of the CORNEA. HN - 2018 MH - Kounis Syndrome UI - D000074962 MN - C14.280.647.375 MN - C14.907.585.375 MN - C20.543.560 MS - A disorder of cardiac function secondary to hypersensitivity reactions. It is characterized by coexistence of acute coronary syndromes and cardiac MAST CELL and PLATELET ACTIVATION. It may be induced by exposure to drugs (e.g., antibiotics, anesthetics, contrast media), food, and environmental triggers (e.g., insect bites and stings, poison ivy). HN - 2018 MH - KRIT1 Protein UI - D000075927 MN - D12.776.220.600.450.458 MN - D12.776.624.664.700.119 MN - D12.776.631.560.465 MS - A microtubule-associated protein consisting of four ANKYRIN REPEATS and a C-terminal FERM DOMAIN. It links the CYTOSKELETON to CELL JUNCTIONS via integrin cytoplasmic domain-associated protein-1 and plays an important role in regulating cell proliferation and integrity of endothelial cell junctions. It is also involved in REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES metabolism. Mutations in the KRIT1 gene are associated with type I CEREBRAL CAVERNOUS MALFORMATIONS. HN - 2018 MH - Kruppel-Like Factor 6 UI - D000075723 MN - D12.776.260.522.563 MN - D12.776.260.755.50 MN - D12.776.624.664.700.120 MN - D12.776.930.375.563 MS - A Kruppel-like transcription factor that contains three C-terminal CYS2-HIS2 ZINC FINGERS and binds to GC RICH SEQUENCE (GC box) in upstream gene promoters. It functions as a transcriptional activator, tumor suppressor, and may regulate growth and development of B-cells. HN - 2018 MH - Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy UI - D000074722 MN - E4.210.638 MN - E4.515.750.375 MS - Surgical incision of the INTERNAL ANAL SPHINCTER typically in the treatment of FISSURE IN ANO; chronic ANAL FISSURE and FECAL INCONTINENCE. HN - 2018 MH - Laticauda UI - D000073476 MN - B1.50.150.900.833.672.125.875.576 MS - A genus of semi-aquatic elapid snake that inhabits coastal waters of the tropical Indian and Western Pacific Oceans. HN - 2018; use ELAPIDAE 1994-2017 MH - Laurales UI - D000073571 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.912.250.595 MS - Order of flowering plants in the superorder Magnolianae. Common examples are bay laurel, AVOCADO; sassafras and CINNAMON. HN - 2018 MH - Lepisma UI - D000076244 MN - B1.50.500.131.617.576 MS - A small nocturnal wingless insect with tapering physical outline. HN - 2018 MH - Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor B1 UI - D000075362 MN - D12.776.543.750.705.23 MS - A receptor for HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS CLASS I that also functions as a receptor for the UL18 protein, an MHC class I homolog expressed by human CYTOMEGALOVIRUS. It consists of four Ig-like C2 domains and is expressed primarily by B-cells and MONOCYTES, as well as DENDRITIC CELLS; its interaction with MHC1 functions to down-regulate the immune response. HN - 2018 FX - Immunoglobulin Domains MH - Lilianae UI - D000075063 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.912.250.618 MS - A superorder of flowering plants (Angiosperms) which includes monocotyledonous plants. HN - 2018 MH - Liquid Biopsy UI - D000073890 MN - E1.370.225.500.384.100.396 MN - E1.370.225.998.54.396 MN - E5.200.500.384.100.396 MN - E5.200.998.54.396 MN - E5.242.384.100.396 MS - Obtaining material for pathological examination and analysis, from bodily fluids. Material retrieved includes CELL-FREE NUCLEIC ACIDS; CELL-DERIVED MICROPARTICLES; EXOSOMES; CIRCULATING NEOPLASM CELLS; and other circulating cells and CELLULAR STRUCTURES. AN - usually NIM with specific organ /pathol + disease /diag or /pathol HN - 2018 FX - Blood Specimen Collection MH - Long-Acting Reversible Contraception UI - D000075523 MN - E2.875.194.589 MS - Prevention of CONCEPTION by devices, chemical substances or agents with contraceptive activity in females which last for years and can be removed. HN - 2018 MH - Loss of Function Mutation UI - D000073658 MN - G5.365.590.538 MS - A mutation that causes a decrease in or elimination of a gene product's activity. HN - 2018 MH - Lysine Acetyltransferase 5 UI - D000074443 MN - D8.811.913.50.134.415.500.62 MS - A catalytic subunit of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex that functions in transcriptional activation of genes by acetylation of nucleosomal HISTONES H4 and H2A, altering nucleosome-DNA interactions and interaction of the modified histones with other activating transcription factors. It may control gene expression changes associated with oncogene and proto-oncogene mediated growth induction, tumor suppressor mediated growth arrest; CELL AGING; APOPTOSIS; and DNA REPAIR. It is polyubiquitinated and degraded during HIV-1 infection through its interaction with the viral TAT PROTEIN. HN - 2018 MH - Manual Lymphatic Drainage UI - D000073297 MN - E2.190.599.750.750.500 MN - E2.309.416 MN - E2.779.867.880.750.500 MN - E2.831.535.867.880.750.500 MS - The application of massage to control EDEMA and improve circulation by manually moving excess lymph out of a tissue. HN - 2018 MH - Marijuana Use UI - D000074609 MN - F1.145.610 MN - F3.900.643 MS - Medicinal or recreational utilization of MARIJUANA. HN - 2018 FX - Marijuana Abuse MH - Mass Drug Administration UI - D000074381 MN - E2.319.162.575 MN - N6.850.275.500 MN - N6.850.780.200.600 MS - Administration of a medication to at-risk individuals in a population without individual diagnosis. It is often used in order to treat, control, and/or prevent spread of often endemic DISEASE OUTBREAKS such as NEGLECTED DISEASES in high disease burden areas. HN - 2018 FX - Mass Vaccination MH - Mastoidectomy UI - D000074406 MN - E4.580.450.375 MS - Surgical removal of the diseased cells from the MASTOID PROCESS. It often involves simultaneous resection and/or repair of the MIDDLE EAR and EAR DRUM in MIDDLE EAR CHOLESTEATOMAS and MASTOIDITIS. HN - 2018 MH - Materials Science UI - D000074266 MN - H1.413 MN - J1.897.461 MS - An interdisciplinary study of the microstructure and composition of various materials such as metals, semiconductors, ceramics, and polymers, in relation to their macromolecular physical and chemical properties. Materials science enables the custom creation of new materials with specific properties and uses. HN - 2018 MH - MDS1 and EVI1 Complex Locus Protein UI - D000074008 MN - D12.776.260.534 MN - D12.776.624.664.700.129 MN - D12.776.930.419 MS - A DNA binding protein, transcriptional regulator, and proto-oncogene protein that contains 10 CYS2-HIS2 ZINC FINGERS. It functions as a positive or negative regulator of expression for target genes involved in organism development. HN - 2018 MH - Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 UI - D000076222 MN - D5.500.337 MN - D8.811.913.696.620.682.700.931.500 MN - D12.776.476.925.500 MS - An evolutionarily conserved multiprotein complex that functions as a cellular energy sensor and regulator of protein synthesis for cell growth and proliferation. It consists of TOR SERINE-THREONINE KINASES; REGULATORY-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN OF MTOR (RAPTOR); MLST8 PROTEIN; and AKT1 substrate 1 protein. The activity of the complex is regulated by SIROLIMUS; INSULIN; GROWTH FACTORS; PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS; some amino acids or amino acid derivatives, and OXIDATIVE STRESS. HN - 2018 (2013) MH - Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 2 UI - D000076225 MN - D5.500.356 MN - D8.811.913.696.620.682.700.931.750 MN - D12.776.476.925.750 MS - A multiprotein complex consisting of MTOR KINASE; MLST8 PROTEIN; rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR protein (RICTOR PROTEIN); and PRR5 (proline-rich protein 5). Like MTORC1, it also regulates cell growth and proliferation in response to growth factors but may not be as sensitive to nutrient availability and is insensitive to SIROLIMUS. In contrast to MTORC1, it can regulate the ACTIN CYTOSKELETON through RHO GTPASES to promote the formation of STRESS FIBERS. The mTORC2 complex also plays a critical role in AKT1 PROTEIN KINASE phosphorylation and activation. HN - 2018 (2013) MH - Meconium Ileus UI - D000074270 MN - C6.405.469.531.788 MS - Intestinal obstruction caused by congealed MECONIUM in the distal ILEUM and CECUM. It presents shortly after birth as a failure to pass meconium and frequently occurs in infants with CYSTIC FIBROSIS. HN - 2018 MH - Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome UI - D000074742 MN - C6.198.929 MN - C14.240.850.922 MN - C14.907.137.527 MN - C16.131.240.850.898 MS - Compression of the CELIAC ARTERY by the median arcuate ligament, a fibrous band of the DIAPHRAGM, causing abdominal pain after eating and weight loss. OMIM: 116870 HN - 2018 (2013) MH - Memory and Learning Tests UI - D000073219 MN - F4.711.513.401 MS - Tests designed to evaluate general and specific areas of behaviors and abilities associated with memory and/or learning. HN - 2018 MH - Meniscectomy UI - D000074403 MN - E4.555.490 MS - Surgical incision of a torn MENISCUS. HN - 2018 MH - Mental Health Recovery UI - D000073038 MN - N2.421.784.444 MS - Recovery from mental disorders and/or substance abuse. The process of change in which individuals improve their MENTAL HEALTH and wellness, live a self-directed life, and work to achieve their full potential. HN - 2018 MH - Mental Status and Dementia Tests UI - D000073216 MN - F4.711.513.603 MS - Tests designed to assess various aspects of neurocognitive function and/or dementia. HN - 2018 MH - Metal-Organic Frameworks UI - D000073396 MN - D2.691.638 MN - D5.750.215 MS - Supramolecular networks that consist of ordered arrangements of organic electron donor linkers (usually ditopic or polytopic organic carboxylates) and metal cations. They can have an extremely high surface area and adjustable pore size that allows for the insertion of other molecules capable of various functions such as catalysis, capture of carbon dioxide, and drug delivery. HN - 2018 MH - Metallocenes UI - D000075163 MN - D2.691.657 MS - Organometallic compounds that generally consist of two cylcopentadiene ANIONS joined in their centers by a metallic cation such as NICKEL; IRON; or TITANIUM. HN - 2018 FX - Cyclopentanes MH - Mice, Knockout, ApoE UI - D000074085 MN - B1.50.50.136.500.500.500 MN - B1.50.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455.500 MN - B1.50.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500.512 MS - Strains of mice that contain genetic disruptions (knockout) of APOLIPOPROTEINS E genes. They are used as models for ATHEROSCLEROSIS research. AN - NIM with no qualifiers when experimental animal HN - 2018 MH - Microorganisms, Genetically-Modified UI - D000074041 MN - B5.620.368 MS - Microorganisms whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING. AN - coordinate with specific microorganism /genet HN - 2018 MH - Microvascular Rarefaction UI - D000073436 MN - C23.300.818 MS - The reduction in density of the MICROVASCULATURE. HN - 2018 MH - Models, Spatial Interaction UI - D000073276 MN - E5.599.835.893 MS - Estimates of the flow of people, material or information between locations in geographic space. HN - 2018 MH - MRE11 Homologue Protein UI - D000076228 MN - D8.811.277.352.335.350.650 MN - D8.811.277.352.335.375.813 MN - D8.811.277.352.355.325.600 MN - D8.811.277.352.365.290.250 MN - D12.776.157.687.495 MN - D12.776.260.539 MN - D12.776.660.720.495 MS - A component of the MRN complex along with Rad50 and Nibrin. Together, these perform a critical function in the repair of DOUBLE-STRANDED DNA BREAKS; RECOMBINATIONAL DNA REPAIR; maintenance of TELOMERE integrity and MEIOSIS. MRE11, which contains a poly(ADP)-ribose binding motif and associates with PARP1, possesses single-strand endonuclease activity and double-strand-specific 3'-5' exonuclease activity. Mutations in the MRE11 gene are associated with ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA-like disorder 1. HN - 2018 MH - MTOR Associated Protein, LST8 Homolog UI - D000076242 MN - D5.500.337.250 MN - D8.811.913.696.620.682.700.931.500.250 MN - D12.644.360.24.310 MN - D12.776.157.57.73 MN - D12.776.476.24.389 MN - D12.776.476.925.500.250 MS - An adaptor protein, consisting of seven WD REPEATS along its length, that functions as a component of the MECHANISTIC TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN COMPLEX 1 and MTORC2 COMPLEX. It interacts directly with MTOR to enhance its kinase activity and stabilizes the MTOR-RPTOR PROTEIN interaction in nutrient-poor conditions, favoring RPTOR inhibition of MTOR activity. HN - 2018 MH - Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Translocation 1 Protein UI - D000074884 MN - D8.811.277.656.262.500.126.775 MN - D8.811.277.656.300.200.126.775 MN - D8.811.464.938.750.233 MS - A caspase-like cysteine endopeptidase that also exhibits ubiquitin ligase activity. It contains an N-terminal DEATH DOMAIN, two IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE DOMAINS, and localizes to the perinuclear region of MONOCYTES, where it functions in activation of NF-KAPPA B; it also binds to and activates TRAF6. Chromosomal translocations involving the MALT1 and BIRC2 genes are associated with MALT LYMPHOMA, and mutations in the MALT1 gene are associated with Type 12 IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROMES. HN - 2018 MH - Multifocal Intraocular Lenses UI - D000075542 MN - E7.632.500.460.250 MN - E7.695.460.500 MS - Artificially implanted lenses that direct light toward distant and near focal points allowing clear vision for a range of distances. HN - 2018 MH - Multimorbidity UI - D000076322 MN - N5.715.350.225.500 MN - N6.850.490.687.500 MS - The complex interactions of several co-existing diseases. HN - 2018 MH - Multitasking Behavior UI - D000073456 MN - F1.145.666 MS - Simultaneous task performance, or switching between tasks in a concentrated period of time. HN - 2018 MH - MutS Homolog 3 Protein UI - D000074081 MN - D12.776.260.556.875 MS - A MutS homolog protein and component of post-replicative DNA MISMATCH REPAIR. It forms a heterodimer with MUTS HOMOLOG 2 PROTEIN (MSH2) and recognizes large insertion-deletion loops up to 13 nucleotides in length. This directs downstream events such as strand discrimination, excision, and resynthesis. HN - 2018 MH - MutS Proteins UI - D000074080 MN - D8.811.74.844 MN - D8.811.277.40.25.292 MN - D12.776.260.556 MS - DNA repair proteins that include the bacterial MutS DNA mismatch-binding protein and its eukaryotic homologs that function in DNA MISMATCH REPAIR and recombination of DNA during MEIOSIS. MutS has a conserved mismatch recognition domain characterized by GxFxE, or similar AMINO ACID MOTIFS that also occur in eukaryotic homologs such as MSH1, MSH6, and MSH8. All MutS proteins also contain a highly-conserved ATP-binding domain and most have weak ATPase activity. HN - 2018 MH - Mycobacterium abscessus UI - D000073358 MN - B3.510.24.49.525.500.720.50 MN - B3.510.460.400.410.552.552.720.50 MS - A rapidly growing non-tuberculous environmental mycobacterium causing OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION that infects the skin and subcutaneous tissues. It is associated with HEALTH CARE ASSOCIATED INFECTION and causes serious lung infections in persons with various chronic lung diseases. AN - infection: coordinate IM with MYCOBACTERIUM INFECTIONS, NONTUBERCULOUS (IM) HN - 2018 MH - Myeloid Ecotropic Viral Integration Site 1 Protein UI - D000075064 MN - D12.776.260.400.483 MN - D12.776.930.462 MS - A TALE-type homeodomain protein and transcription factor that functions as a regulator of PAX6 PROTEIN expression and as an activator of PLATELET FACTOR 4 gene expression. It is essential for hematopoiesis, differentiation of MEGAKARYOCYTES, and vascular patterning. It may also have a role in the induction of myeloid leukemias. HN - 2018 (1995) MH - MYND Domains UI - D000074608 MN - G2.111.570.820.709.275.500.985.375 MN - G2.111.570.820.709.275.750.500.474 MS - Zinc finger domains (named for myeloid, Nervy and DEAF-1) that occur in a variety of eukaryotic proteins, including RUNT-RELATED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1 . They are characterized by a cluster of cysteine and histidine residues with conserved spacing that forms the zinc-binding motif and have beta-beta-alpha (see BETA-SHEET and ALPHA-HELIX) topology, similar to LIM domains (see LIM DOMAIN PROTEINS) and RING FINGER DOMAINS. MYND domains function as protein interaction motifs and have affinity for PROLINE-RICH PROTEIN DOMAINS. HN - 2018 MH - Myotomy UI - D000074433 MN - E4.515 MS - Surgical incision of the muscle. HN - 2018 MH - Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C Kinase Substrate UI - D000076250 MN - D5.750.78.730.556 MN - D12.644.360.537 MN - D12.776.157.142.375 MN - D12.776.157.687.496 MN - D12.776.220.525.556 MN - D12.776.476.539 MN - D12.776.543.637 MN - D12.776.660.720.496 MS - A membrane and ACTIN CYTOSKELETON associated, N-terminal myristoylated protein that binds CALMODULIN and is a prominent substrate for PROTEIN KINASE C. Both phosphorylation and poly(ADP)-ribosylation inhibit its F-ACTIN crosslinking activity; phosphorylation also causes MARCKS to relocate from the membrane to cytoplasm. HN - 2018 (1989) MH - NADPH Oxidase 1 UI - D000074624 MN - D8.811.682.608.575.750 MN - D12.776.331.894.750 MN - D12.776.543.653.750 MS - An NADPH oxidase that functions as a voltage-gated proton channel expressed by PHAGOCYTES, especially in the colon. It regulates intracellular pH, generates SUPEROXIDES upon activation by PHAGOCYTOSIS, and may play a role in INNATE IMMUNITY. HN - 2018 (1999) MH - NADPH Oxidase 2 UI - D000074662 MN - D8.811.682.608.575.875 MN - D12.776.331.894.875 MN - D12.776.543.653.875 MS - An NADPH oxidase that is expressed by PHAGOCYTES where it transfers electrons across the plasma membrane from cytosolic NADPH to molecular oxygen on the exterior. It regulates proton (H+) flux into resting phagocytes to control intracellular pH. Mutations in the CYBB gene are associated with X-LINKED CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE. HN - 2018 MH - NADPH Oxidase 4 UI - D000074663 MN - D8.811.682.608.575.937 MN - D12.776.331.894.937 MN - D12.776.543.653.937 MS - An NADPH oxidase that is strongly expressed in the kidney. It forms a complex with CYBA-P22PHOX and produces intracellular SUPEROXIDES that may regulate cellular signaling in APOPTOSIS; BONE RESORPTION; and NF-KAPPA B activation. HN - 2018 MH - NADPH Oxidase 5 UI - D000074664 MN - D8.811.682.608.575.968 MN - D12.776.331.894.968 MN - D12.776.543.653.968 MS - An NADPH oxidase that contains four EF HANDS and is expressed primarily by SPERMATOCYTES and LYMPHOCYTES, as well as by endothelial cells. It functions as a calcium-dependent proton channel to generate SUPEROXIDES that regulate cell growth, APOPTOSIS; and PHYSIOLOGIC ANGIOGENESIS. HN - 2018 MH - Naja UI - D000073156 MN - B1.50.150.900.833.672.125.875.612 MS - A genus of elapid snakes, also known as cobras, that are indigenous to Africa, Central and Southern Asia, and adjacent islands such as Taiwan and the Philippines. HN - 2018; use ELAPIDAE 1994-2017 FX - Elapid Venoms MH - Naja haje UI - D000073177 MN - B1.50.150.900.833.672.125.875.612.250 MS - A species of cobra (Naja) that is indigenous primarily to Northern Africa. HN - 2018; use ELAPIDAE 1994-2017 MH - Naja naja UI - D000073176 MN - B1.50.150.900.833.672.125.875.612.500 MS - Species of cobra (Naja) indigenous to the Indian Subcontinent, Southern Asia, and adjacent islands. HN - 2018; use ELAPIDAE 1994-2017 MH - Narrative Medicine UI - D000073935 MN - F1.145.209.459.500 MN - N4.590.233.727.407.250 MN - N5.715.520 MS - NARRATION as a tool to collect and interpret information on a patient's experience of illness HN - 2018 MH - Nectins UI - D000075983 MN - D12.776.395.550.200.123 MN - D12.776.543.550.200.130 MN - D23.50.301.350.123 MS - A family of calcium-independent cell adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily. They are expressed by most cell types and mediate both homotypic and heterotypic cell-cell adhesion. Nectins function in a variety of morphogenetic and developmental processes that include organogenesis of the eye, ear, tooth, and cerebral cortex; they also play roles in viral infection and cell proliferation. HN - 2018 (1999) FX - Immunoglobulin Domains MH - Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases UI - D000075702 MN - D5.500.199.500 MN - D8.811.464.938.750.257 MN - D12.776.543.990.493.500 MS - E3 ubiquitin ligases that consist of four WW DOMAINS. They accept UBIQUITIN from E2 UBIQUITIN-CONJUGATING ENZYME as a thioester via their C-terminal HECT domains and transfer it specifically to the 63rd LYSINE residue (Lys-63) of target proteins. NEDD4 targets include many proteins and receptors with important functions for cell growth and homeostasis such as VEGFR-2; FGFR1 TYROSINE KINASE; and ERBB-4 RECEPTOR. They play a critical role in the internalization of these receptors, their degradation by LYSOSOMES, and also function as part of the ESCRT complex in VIRUS RELEASE. HN - 2018 (1996) MH - NEDD8 Protein UI - D000075687 MN - D12.776.947.218 MS - A ubiquitin-like protein that functions in CELL CYCLE regulation and embryogenesis. It is attached covalently to its substrates following activation by the UBIQUITIN-ACTIVATING ENZYME E1-UBA3 enzyme complex. NEDD8 attaches to CULLINS, activating their E3 UBIQUITIN LIGASE activity, to promote polyubiquitination and degradation of CYCLINS and regulatory proteins HN - 2018 MH - Nematocera UI - D000074703 MN - B1.50.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712 MS - A suborder of insects which belong to the order DIPTERA. They include mosca, mosquito, gnats, black flies, true flies and long-horned flies. HN - 2018 MH - Neonicotinoids UI - D000073943 MN - D3.383.464 MS - A class of insecticides that are structurally similar to NICOTINE and have physiologically similar effects as agonists of NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS, but are less toxic to vertebrates. They are widely used in agriculture. HN - 2018 MH - Neoptera UI - D000074746 MN - B1.50.500.131.617.720.500 MS - Modern insects belonging to the subclass PTERYGOTA, Many have the ability to fold their wings with exceptions being butterflies, moths, and a few others within the group. HN - 2018 MH - Nephrolithotomy, Percutaneous UI - D000074642 MN - E4.502.250.520.790 MN - E4.950.774.638 MS - Surgical removal of large KIDNEY CALCULI by means of a percutaneous nephroscope which is passed into the KIDNEY PELVIS through a track created in the patient's back. HN - 2018 BX - Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy MH - Nephrotomy UI - D000074643 MN - E4.950.774.739 MS - Surgical incision into any part of the kidney. AN - note entry terms PYELOTOMY and PYELOSTOMY: coordinate with KIDNEY PELVIS /surg HN - 2018 MH - Nephroureterectomy UI - D000074682 MN - E4.950.774.435.500 MS - Surgical removal of a kidney and adjoining ureter. HN - 2018 MH - Netrin Receptors UI - D000075386 MN - D12.776.543.750.03 MS - Cell surface receptors that bind NETRINS. They typically contain both IMMUNOGLOBULIN DOMAINS and FIBRONECTIN TYPE III DOMAINS and function to mediate CELL MIGRATION and AXON GUIDANCE. HN - 2018 (1997) MH - Netrin-1 UI - D000075388 MN - D12.644.276.860.494.500 MN - D12.776.467.860.494.500 MN - D12.776.631.600.494.500 MN - D12.776.860.300.731.500 MN - D23.125.842.500 MN - D23.529.850.494.500 MS - A netrin that binds the DCC RECEPTOR or UNC5 receptors, resulting respectively in axon attraction or repulsion. Its interaction with these receptors also prevents APOPTOSIS; it may function as a tumor suppressor protein. HN - 2018 (1994) MH - Netrins UI - D000075385 MN - D12.644.276.860.494 MN - D12.776.467.860.494 MN - D12.776.631.600.494 MN - D12.776.860.300.731 MN - D23.125.842 MN - D23.529.850.494 MS - A family of extracellular proteins that are related structurally to LAMININ. They function as CHEMOTACTIC FACTORS for CELL MIGRATION and AXON GUIDANCE, acting as chemoattractants for some cell types, and as chemorepellents for others. HN - 2018 MH - Neuroticism UI - D000075384 MN - F1.752.723 MS - Personality trait related to tendency to respond to threat, frustration or a loss with negative emotions (e.g., ANGER; ANXIETY; FRUSTRATION; embarrassment and sadness). HN - 2018(2013) MH - Nicotine Chewing Gum UI - D000074164 MN - D5.750.78.739.249.500 MN - D9.698.700.249.500 MN - G7.203.300.140.200.500 MN - J1.637.767.844.250 MN - J2.500.140.200.500 MS - Chewing gum which contains NICOTINE. HN - 2018 MH - Night Eating Syndrome UI - D000074043 MN - F3.400.844 MS - Little or no appetite for breakfast due to eating more food after dinner than during the meal and eating more than half of daily food intake after dinner hour. AN - coordinate with SLEEP-WAKE DISORDERS if pertinent HN - 2018 MH - Nitrosative Stress UI - D000073039 MN - G3.673.345 MN - G7.775.750.500 MS - A metabolic excess of REACTIVE NITROGEN SPECIES, including NITRIC OXIDE and PEROXYNITRITE, that leads to damaging effects of oxidation and nitration. HN - 2018 FX - Oxidative Stress MH - Non-Point Source Pollution UI - D000075602 MN - N6.850.460.790.205 MS - Water pollution from a variety of diffuse sources carried over or through the ground and into water sources such as LAKES; RIVERS; WETLANDS; coastal waters; and GROUNDWATER. Such diffuse sources include roadways and parking lots (GASOLINE; HEAVY METALS; and motor oil), lawns or agricultural land (excess FERTILIZERS, livestock excrement, and PESTICIDES), landfill seepage, and construction sites (chemicals and trash used in construction processes). HN - 2018 MH - Noncommunicable Diseases UI - D000073296 MN - C23.550.291.500.750 MS - Diseases of long duration and generally slow progression. The four main types of noncommunicable diseases are CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (e.g., heart attacks and stroke), CANCER, chronic respiratory diseases (e.g., CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE and ASTHMA) and DIABETES MELLITUS. HN - 2018 MH - Nonlinear Optical Microscopy UI - D000073758 MN - E1.370.350.515.717 MN - E5.595.717 MS - Microscopic imaging techniques that utilize nonlinear responses of light-matter interactions which occur with high-intensity illumination, such as from LASERS, and specialized light signal detection instrumentation to produce images without the need for dyes or fluorescent labels. HN - 2018 MH - Nut and Peanut Hypersensitivity UI - D000074924 MN - C20.543.480.370.572 MS - Allergic reaction to tree nuts and peanuts, including other LEGUMES, that is triggered by the immune system. It includes co-sensitization to other food (e.g., sesame seed). HN - 2018 MH - Obesity Management UI - D000073319 MN - E2.570 MN - N2.421.726.407.579.650.500 MN - N4.590.607.250 MS - An integrated professional approach to screening, evaluation, control, and reduction of abnormal WEIGHT GAIN. HN - 2018 FX - Obesity MH - Occupational Stress UI - D000073397 MN - C24.580 MN - F1.145.126.990.734 MN - F2.830.900.666 MS - Adverse psychological and behavioral reactions caused by the pressures and demands of employers or clients or other factors, such as the physical environment of the workplace, WORKPLACE VIOLENCE; or WORKPLACE BULLYING. HN - 2018 MH - Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells UI - D000073637 MN - A8.637.550 MN - A11.650.550 MN - A11.872.653.500 MS - Neuroglial cells that first appear during mid-embryogenesis in the central nervous system of mammals and give rise to OLIGODENDROCYTES. Mitotically-active populations remain through late adulthood and are capable of regenerating MYELIN lost to disease or injury. HN - 2018 MH - Oligodendrocyte Transcription Factor 2 UI - D000076104 MN - D12.776.260.103.798 MN - D12.776.631.654 MN - D12.776.930.125.782 MS - A basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that is required for differentiation of OLIGODENDROCYTES and motor neurons in the spinal cord, and development of somatic motor neurons in the hindbrain. HN - 2018 MH - Oncogene Addiction UI - D000074723 MN - C4.697.850 MN - C23.550.727.850 MS - The dependence of tumor cells on a single oncogenic pathway or protein for their continued proliferation and survival. HN - 2018 MH - One Health UI - D000074823 MN - N1.400.530 MS - An integrative effort of multiple disciplines working collaboratively and locally, nationally, and globally in all aspects of health care for humans, animals, and the environment. HN - 2018; use GLOBAL HEALTH 2017 MH - Ophiophagus hannah UI - D000073197 MN - B1.50.150.900.833.672.125.875.806 MS - The longest of all venomous snakes and largest Elapid. It is not a member of the Naja genus, although its hood resembles the hood of Naja species. Its bite can deliver large quantities of neurotoxic and cardiotoxic venom, consisting primarily of ALPHA-NEUROTOXINS. King cobras are indigenous to forests of India and Southeast Asia. HN - 2018 FX - Elapid Venoms MH - Opium Dependence UI - D000074607 MN - C25.775.675.800 MN - F3.900.675.800 MS - Strong physiological and emotional dependence on OPIUM. HN - 2018 MH - Organ Motion UI - D000075530 MN - G7.568.750 MN - G11.427.410.849 MS - Movement of internal organs due to physiological processes. HN - 2018 MH - Organic Cation Transporter 2 UI - D000075102 MN - D12.776.157.530.450.250.812.625 MN - D12.776.157.530.937.612.625 MN - D12.776.543.585.450.250.812.625 MN - D12.776.543.585.937.701.625 MS - Organic cation transporter consisting of twelve transmembrane domains and expressed primarily in the kidney. It transports a wide range of metabolites, drugs, and neurotransmitters from the blood to the KIDNEY TUBULES, including DOPAMINE; SEROTONIN; CHOLINE; and CISPLATIN. HN - 2018 MH - Organism Hydration Status UI - D000074267 MN - G7.670 MS - Quantitative measure of water or fluids contained in the body of a living organism. HN - 2018 MH - P-type ATPases UI - D000073779 MN - D8.811.277.40.25.314 MN - D12.776.157.530.813 MN - D12.776.543.585.813 MS - A highly conserved family of ATPases that facilitate the transport of lipids and cations across the plasma membrane. Structurally, they are elongated ALPHA-HELICES constituting five functionally distinct domains: three cytoplasmic domains A, N, and P which contain the catalytic sites, and two transmembrane domains. The N domain phosphorylates the P-domain at an invariant ASPARTATE residue, which, in turn, is dephosphorylated by the A domain. The phosphorylation and dephosphorylation cycles drive conformational changes in the protein between two states (E1 and E2), which allow the substrate to access the other side of the membrane. HN - 2018 MH - Pain, Procedural UI - D000073818 MN - C23.888.592.612.860 MS - Pain associated with examination, treatment or procedures. HN - 2018 MH - Palaeoptera UI - D000074982 MN - B1.50.500.131.617.720.750 MS - Infraclass of ancient winged insects belonging to the subclass PTERYGOTA. HN - 2018 MH - Palm Oil UI - D000073878 MN - D10.627.700.798 MN - D20.215.784.750.728 MS - Nutritive oil extracted from the fleshy mesocarp of the fruit of the African palm tree, Elaeis guineensis. HN - 2018(1984) MH - Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins UI - D000073718 MN - D12.776.503.280.578 MN - D23.50.285.733 MN - D23.101.140.780 MS - C-type lectins that restrict growth of bacteria in the intestinal epithelia and have bactericidal activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. They also regulate proliferation and differentiation of KERATINOCYTES following injury. Human pancreatitis-associated protein-1 (Reg3a) is overexpressed by pancreatic ACINAR CELLS in patients with CHRONIC PANCREATITIS. It is also highly expressed by pancreatic, bladder, and gastrointestinal cancer cells and may serve as a diagnostic biomarker. HN - 2018 (1992) MH - Patient Generated Health Data UI - D000076206 MN - E5.318.308.940.968.249.625 MS - Health-related data created, recorded, or gathered by patients, family members, or caregivers, to help address a health concern. Distinct from data generated in clinical settings and through encounters with providers. HN - 2018 MH - Patient Health Questionnaire UI - D000073222 MN - E5.318.308.980.493 MN - F4.711.580 MN - N5.715.360.300.800.485 MN - N6.850.520.308.980.485 MS - A self-administered version of the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD), a diagnostic tool containing modules on multiple mental health disorders including anxiety, alcohol, eating, and somatoform modules. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is designed specifically for mood/depression scoring each of the 9 DSM-IV criteria based on the mood module from the original PRIME-MD. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) scores 7 common anxiety symptoms. AN - restrict to evaluation of mental health status HN - 2018 MH - Peanut Oil UI - D000074241 MN - D10.627.700.809 MS - Oil derived from PEANUTS. HN - 2018 (1975) MH - Peptide Transporter 1 UI - D000074011 MN - D12.776.157.530.450.625.202 MN - D12.776.157.530.937.613 MN - D12.776.543.585.450.625.202 MN - D12.776.543.585.937.702 MS - A proton-coupled symporter that transports OLIGOPEPTIDES and DIPEPTIDES. It localizes to the brush-border membrane of the INTESTINAL EPITHELIUM and plays a critical role in the assimilation of dietary proteins. HN - 2018 (1994) MH - Periphyton UI - D000074284 MN - B5.80.250 MN - G6.591.937 MN - G16.500.275.157.49.100.500.937 MN - N6.230.124.49.100.500.875 MS - A complex mixture of organisms (algae, cyanobacteria, heterotrophic microbes, detritus, etc.) clinging on the surfaces of plants and other objects projecting from the bottom sediments of aquatic ecosystems. HN - 2018 MH - Peroxins UI - D000074401 MN - D12.776.157.635 MS - Proteins that are essential for the assembly of PEROXISOMES. They recognize and transport cytoplasmic proteins that contain PEROXISOMAL TARGETING SIGNALS (PTS) to the peroxisome. Mutations in peroxin (PEX) genes are associated with several PEROXISOMAL DISORDERS. HN - 2018 MH - Peroxisomal Biogenesis Factor 2 UI - D000074428 MN - D12.776.157.635.500 MN - D12.776.543.689 MS - A multi-pass transmembrane protein that contains a C-terminal RING finger domain. It localizes to the PEROXISOME membrane and is essential for peroxisome biogenesis. Mutations in the PEX2 gene are associated with ZELLWEGER SYNDROME and INFANTILE REFSUM DISEASE. HN - 2018 (1991) FX - RING Finger Domains MH - Peroxisomal Targeting Signal 2 Receptor UI - D000074437 MN - D12.776.157.635.625 MS - A cytoplasmic receptor and peroxin that contains a series of WD40 REPEATS and binds to PEROXISOME TARGETING SIGNAL 2. It is essential for protein import into PEROXISOMES; mutations in the human PEX7 gene are associated with PEROXISOMAL DISORDERS such as Type 1 CHONDRODYSPLASIA PUNCTATA, RHIZOMELIC. HN - 2018 (1995) MH - Peroxisomal Targeting Signals UI - D000074404 MN - D12.644.770.805 MN - G2.111.570.60.670.805 MS - Protein sorting signals that target proteins to PEROXISOMES. HN - 2018 MH - Peroxisome-Targeting Signal 1 Receptor UI - D000074435 MN - D12.776.157.635.750 MS - A cytoplasmic receptor and peroxin that contains a series of TETRACOTIPEPTIDE REPEATS and binds to PEROXISOME TARGETING SIGNAL 1 (SKL-type). It is essential for protein import into PEROXISOMES; mutations in the PEX5 gene are associated with PEROXISOMAL DISORDERS such as ZELLWEGER SYNDROME. HN - 2018 (1995) MH - PHD Zinc Fingers UI - D000075925 MN - G2.111.570.820.709.275.500.985.438 MS - Zinc finger domains of approximately 50 to 80 amino acids in length that are characterized by a conserved Cysteine(3)-Histidine-Cysteine(4) amino acid motif which coordinates binding of two zinc ions. They are similar structurally to RING FINGER DOMAINS, with a globular fold topology of two BETA-SHEETS and an ALPHA-HELIX. PHD fingers occur in many proteins that function in chromatin-mediated gene expression and EPIGENETICS such as POLYCOMB-GROUP PROTEINS. HN - 2018 MH - Pictorial Works as Topic UI - D000073356 MN - K1.93.701 MS - Works that discuss pictures but not technical drawings. HN - 2018 MH - Pipe Smoking UI - D000073868 MN - F1.145.805.63 MS - SMOKING by use of a narrow conveying tube which feeds from an open cavity where smoked product is loaded and burned. HN - Use SMOKING 2013-2018 MH - Platelet-Rich Fibrin UI - D000073183 MN - A12.207.152.693.600.500 MN - A12.207.270.695.600.500 MN - A15.145.693.600.500 MS - A fibrin matrix derived from platelet-rich plasma that contains high concentration of BLOOD PLATELETS; LEUKOCYTES; CYTOKINES; and GROWTH FACTORS. It is used in a variety of clinical and TISSUE ENGINEERING applications. HN - 2018 FX - Fibrin Tissue Adhesive MH - Political Activism UI - D000074439 MN - I1.738.708 MS - Active involvement in the political process including promoting, impeding or raising awareness of a certain issue or set of issues. HN - 2018 FX - Community Participation FX - Social Adjustment MH - Poly ADP Ribosylation UI - D000074747 MN - G2.111.660.871.790.600.200.500 MN - G2.111.691.600.200.500 MN - G3.734.871.790.600.200.500 MN - G5.308.670.600.200.500 MS - Post-translational modification of proteins with POLY ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE RIBOSE. HN - 2018 FX - Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases MH - Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Motif UI - D000075225 MN - G2.111.570.820.709.275.500.695 MS - A protein motif 22 to 26 amino acids in length that binds POLY(ADP RIBOSE) polymers through non-covalent interactions. It is characterized by basic and hydrophobic residues that frequently include ALANINE; VALINE; ISOLEUCINE; or LEUCINE and flank LYSINE and ARGININE amino acids. HN - 2018 MH - Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins UI - D000075223 MN - D12.776.157.687 MN - D12.776.660.720 MS - Proteins that contain POLY-ADP RIBOSE BINDING MOTIFS. They include HISTONES and other proteins that function in DNA REPAIR, replication, gene transcription, and APOPTOSIS. HN - 2018 MH - Popular Culture UI - D000076207 MN - I1.76.201.450.715 MN - I1.880.853.100.628 MS - Choices and ways of doing things that predominate or are fashionable among ordinary people in a society during a point in time. HN - 2018 MH - Population Health UI - D000075485 MN - N1.400.548 MS - The health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the distribution of such outcomes within the group. These populations are often geographic regions, such as nations or communities, but they can also be other groups. (From Am J Public Health. 2003 March; 93(3): 380–383) HN - 2018 MH - Positive Regulatory Domain I-Binding Factor 1 UI - D000074462 MN - D8.811.913.555.500.800.700 MN - D12.776.260.703.650 MN - D12.776.930.780.904 MS - A transcriptional repressor protein that contains an N-terminal PR-SET domain, four C-terminal CYS2-HIS2 ZINC FINGERS, and binds the PRDI element in the INTERFERON-BETA gene. It has methyltransferase activity and mediates gene transcription in tissue-specific innate and adaptive immune lymphocyte T-CELLS, repressing expression of proteins that promote exit of these tissue-specific T-cell populations from non-lymphoid organs. HN - 2018 FX - PR-SET Domains MH - PR-SET Domains UI - D000074463 MN - G2.111.570.820.709.275.750.477 MS - Highly conserved protein domains of approximately 130 to 140 amino acids. The SET domain was first identified in the Drosophila proteins (S)u(var)3-9, (E)nhancer-of-zeste and (T)rithorax and occurs in other proteins with a variety of functions, including histone-lysine N-methyltransferases. Structurally, it consists of BETA-SHEETS interspersed among loops and turns that result in an "L" shape. The most conserved motifs are a stretch at the C-terminal that contains a strictly conserved tyrosine residue and an adjacent loop that the C-terminal segment passes through to form a "knot". These motifs and especially the tyrosine residue are essential for S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE binding and catalysis. The PR domain has high homology to the catalytic region of the SET domain and occurs at the N-terminal of PRDM proteins such as PRDM1 PROTEIN. HN - 2018 MH - Pre-Analytical Phase UI - D000073623 MN - E1.370.225.955 MS - Laboratory processes prior to specimen analysis. These processes include study design, compliance of the subjects investigated, compliance in adherence to protocols, choice of specimens utilized and sample collection. HN - 2018 MH - Pre-B-Cell Leukemia Transcription Factor 1 UI - D000075062 MN - D12.776.260.400.836 MN - D12.776.624.664.700.163 MN - D12.776.930.712 MS - A TALE-type homeodomain protein and transcription factor that binds the DNA sequence 5'-ATCAATCAA-3'. It forms a heterodimer with MEIS1 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR and functions as a transcriptional activator of HOMEOBOX PROTEIN NKX-2.5 and ELONGIN A, and as a transcriptional repressor of CDKN2B PROTEIN, in the regulation of developmental and morphogenetic processes such as spleen and limb development. Chromosome translocations involving the PBX1 and TCF3 genes occur in cases of pre-B-cell ACUTE LYMPHOID LEUKEMIA. HN - 2018 MH - Preliminary Data UI - D000074286 MN - E5.318.308.763 MN - N5.715.360.300.638 MN - N6.850.520.308.763 MS - First-released version of study results in a series of data collection efforts used for the purpose of generating further interest in and or funding of a research study. HN - 2018 MH - Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs UI - D000073958 MN - E5.337.800.800 MN - N2.421.668.320.600 MS - Programs, usually run by state governments, that require pharmacists to collect and distribute data on the prescription and dispensation of CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES. They are intended to prevent the abuse of such substances by the patient, or their transfer to recreational users and drug dealers. HN - 2018 FX - Prescription Drug Misuse MH - Procrastination UI - D000075682 MN - F1.393.661 MN - F2.463.617 MS - The deferment of actions or tasks to a later time, or to infinity. HN - 2018 MH - Prolotherapy UI - D000075527 MN - E2.190.777 MS - Treatment of MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN by injecting a substance into a joint space, ligament, or tendon to promote the growth of new tissue. HN - 2018 MH - Promyelocytic Leukemia Zinc Finger Protein UI - D000075722 MN - D12.776.260.522.625 MN - D12.776.930.375.625 MS - A Krupple-type transcription factor consisting of an N-terminal BTB DOMAIN and nine CYS2-HIS2 ZINC FINGERS. It localizes to the nucleus and regulates cell cycle progression and gene expression for tissue development and homeostasis; it may also function as an epigenetic regulator through its interactions with HISTONE DEACETYLASE. Genetic rearrangements involving the ZBTB16 gene are associated with ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. HN - 2018 MH - Proof of Concept Study UI - D000075082 MN - H1.770.644.578 MS - An empirical investigation which pertains to the development of prototypes or models that demonstrate the feasibility of novel concepts, ideas, principles, schema or their practical application. HN - 2018 MH - Protein Kinase C-theta UI - D000074121 MN - D8.811.913.696.620.682.700.725.75 MS - A calcium-independent, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol-dependent, protein kinase C subtype that contains an N-terminal C2 DOMAIN and two diacylglycerol-binding ZINC FINGERS. It is expressed primarily by T-LYMPHOCYTES and localizes to IMMUNOLOGICAL SYNAPSES where it regulates downstream signaling for the activation, proliferation, and survival of mature T-cells. It plays a critical role in allergic, autoimmune, and alloimmune responses of TH2 CELLS and TH17 CELLS. HN - 2018 MH - Protein-Arginine Deiminases UI - D000076342 MN - D8.811.277.721 MS - A family of ENZYMES that, in the presence of calcium ion, converts ARGININE to CITRULLINE in proteins. HN - 2018 (1987) MH - Proteostasis UI - D000074702 MN - G2.111.730 MN - G3.816 MS - Regulation of the concentration, folding, interactions, and cellular localization of each of the proteins that comprise the PROTEOME. HN - 2018 FX - Protein Folding FX - Proteostasis Deficiencies MH - Psycho-Oncology UI - D000073320 MN - F4.96.628.808.500 MN - H2.403.429.515.250 MN - H2.720.500 MS - A specialty which deals with the interrelationship of physical, psychological, social, behavioral, and ethical aspects of cancer. Psycho-oncology examines the behavioral and psychosocial factors that may influence the course of the disease, cancer risk, prevention, and detection. HN - 2018 MH - Pterygota UI - D000074745 MN - B1.50.500.131.617.720 MS - A subclass of winged insects belonging to the class Insecta. HN - 2018 MH - Pyloromyotomy UI - D000074882 MN - E4.210.240.250.760 MN - E4.210.419.500 MN - E4.515.375 MS - Surgical incision of the PYLORUS used to treat pyloric stenoses (e.g. INFANTILE HYPERTROPHIC PYLORIC STENOSIS). HN - 2018 MH - Quasispecies UI - D000074704 MN - G5.365.897 MS - Variations among a population of a given species due to errors in replication of the genome that result in a distribution of non-identical members. HN - 2018 MH - rab27 GTP-Binding Proteins UI - D000075745 MN - D8.811.277.40.330.300.400.400.75 MN - D12.644.360.525.400.75 MN - D12.776.157.325.515.400.75 MN - D12.776.476.525.400.75 MS - GTP-binding proteins associated with membranes, MELANOSOMES; LYSOSOMES; and late ENDOSOMES. They play a role in the release of cytotoxic SECRETORY GRANULES from lymphocytes and are required for granule maturation, as well as granule docking and priming at IMMUNOLOGICAL SYNAPSES. HN - 2018 MH - Rapamycin-Insensitive Companion of mTOR Protein UI - D000076226 MN - D5.500.356.500 MN - D8.811.913.696.620.682.700.931.750.500 MN - D12.644.360.24.323 MN - D12.776.157.57.156 MN - D12.776.476.24.411 MN - D12.776.476.925.750.500 MS - An adaptor protein subunit of MTORC2 COMPLEX. It functions as a structural component and is phosphorylated by RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 KINASES, integrating signals for cell growth and proliferation, especially during embryonic development. HN - 2018 MH - Ras Homolog Enriched in Brain Protein UI - D000076205 MN - D8.811.277.40.330.300.400.488 MN - D12.644.360.525.488 MN - D12.776.157.325.515.488 MN - D12.776.476.525.488 MN - D12.776.631.650.665 MS - A GTP-binding protein with low intrinsic GTPase activity that activates MTORC1 protein kinase activity. HN - 2018 MH - Receptor, Notch4 UI - D000074562 MN - D12.776.543.750.725.937 MN - D12.776.624.664.700.815 MN - D12.776.930.770.937 MS - A notch receptor and proto-oncogene protein characterized by a large extracellular domain that consists of 29 EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR - like repeat sequences (EGF repeats) and five ANKYRIN REPEATS. It functions as a receptor for SERRATE-JAGGED PROTEINS and Delta1 (DLK1) protein to control cell fate determination. HN - 2018 MH - Receptors for Activated C Kinase UI - D000075370 MN - D12.776.826.313 MS - Receptors for PROTEIN KINASE C that consist of seven WD40 REPEATS. They function in a wide variety of cellular and physiologic processes including the assembly of signaling complexes, protein translation, cell growth and proliferation, APOPTOSIS, and MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR transport. RACK1 depends on protein kinase C activity to translocate from the perinuclear region to the cell periphery and associates with the plasma membrane through interactions with KERATIN-1 and INTEGRIN BETA-1. HN - 2018 (1992) MH - Receptors, CXCR6 UI - D000075744 MN - D12.776.543.750.695.160.500.625 MN - D12.776.543.750.705.852.125.500.625 MN - D12.776.543.750.830.475 MS - CXCR receptors that are specific for CHEMOKINE CXCL16. They are expressed by lymphoid tissues, activated T-cells, and also function as co-receptors for SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES; HIV-2; and HIV-1 infection of MACROPHAGES. HN - 2018 MH - Receptors, Enterotoxin UI - D000074261 MN - D8.811.520.650.600.500.250 MN - D12.776.543.750.700.250 MN - D12.776.543.750.750.25 MS - Guanylate cyclase-coupled receptors that bind bacterial ENTEROTOXINS, as well as the endogenous peptides guanylin and uroguanylin. Ligand binding stimulates production of CYCLIC GMP by EPITHELIAL CELLS of the intestinal lumen, altering barrier permeability and mucus secretion. Mutations in the gene (GUCY2C) encoding this receptor are associated with some cases of hereditary diarrhea (Diarrhea 6) and MECONIUM ILEUS. HN - 2018 (1981) MH - Receptors, Histamine H4 UI - D000074040 MN - D12.776.543.750.670.450.750 MN - D12.776.543.750.695.358 MN - D12.776.543.750.720.480.750 MS - G-Protein-coupled histamine receptors that are expressed primarily in BONE MARROW as well as in peripheral tissues and organs. They are expressed by immune cells that include EOSINOPHILS; T-CELLS; DENDRITIC CELLS; and MAST CELLS. HN - 2018 MH - Receptors, Kisspeptin-1 UI - D000074502 MN - D12.776.543.750.695.22 MN - D12.776.543.750.750.13 MS - G protein coupled receptors for the C-terminally amidated peptide of KISSPEPTIN-1. KISS1R plays an essential role in sexual development during puberty through its regulation of GONADOTROPIN-released hormones. HN - 2018 MH - Recidivism UI - D000075665 MN - I1.198.240.679 MS - Repeated problem behavior. HN - 2018 MH - Refugee Camps UI - D000073017 MN - J3.340.825 MS - Areas of shelter and protection for people who leave their own country or habitual residence to escape danger, persecution, or disaster. HN - 2018; use REFUGEES 1993-2017 MH - Regulatory-Associated Protein of mTOR UI - D000076223 MN - D5.500.337.500 MN - D8.811.913.696.620.682.700.931.500.500 MN - D12.644.360.24.324 MN - D12.776.157.57.157 MN - D12.776.476.24.419 MN - D12.776.476.925.500.500 MS - An adaptor protein component of the MECHANISTIC TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN COMPLEX 1 that forms stoichiometric complexes with TOR KINASES, which it negatively regulates. It functions as a positive regulator of RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 KINASES. HN - 2018 MH - Remyelination UI - D000074586 MN - G11.561.585.250 MN - G16.762.611.250 MS - The reforming of the MYELIN SHEATH around AXONS following loss due to injury or DEMYELINATING DISEASES. HN - 2018 MH - Resonance Frequency Analysis UI - D000074269 MN - E1.370.502 MN - H2.163.876.708.500 MS - A non-invasive assessment of the stability of tissue-embedded prosthetic devices such as dental implants. HN - 2018 FX - Osseointegration MH - rhoC GTP-Binding Protein UI - D000075024 MN - D8.811.277.40.330.300.400.700.650 MN - D12.644.360.525.700.650 MN - D12.776.157.325.515.700.650 MN - D12.776.476.525.700.650 MS - A rho GTP-binding protein that is prenylated (see PROTEIN PRENYLATION) at its C-terminus and cycles between the cytoplasm and plasma membrane, linking receptor signaling pathways with assembly of FOCAL ADHESIONS; STRESS FIBERS; and contractile ring formation during CYTOKINESIS. It is overexpressed in proliferating and metastatic tumor cells. HN - 2018 MH - Rice Bran Oil UI - D000073879 MN - D10.627.700.819 MN - D20.215.784.750.784 MS - OIL extracted from the hard outer brown layer of rice bran after the husk has been removed. HN - 2018(1987) MH - Risk Evaluation and Mitigation UI - D000073938 MN - N4.452.871.758 MN - N6.850.505.715.750 MS - Strategies required by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Amendments Act of 2007 when a question exists as to whether the benefits of a drug outweigh its risks. These constitute a safety plan with several potential components, including a medication guide, a communication plan, elements to ensure safe use and an implementation system to help guide the prescribers, pharmacists and patients. HN - 2018 MH - Rosanae UI - D000074424 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.912.250.859 MS - A suborder of flowering plants of the class MAGNOLIOPSIDA which comprises two major groups, Eurosids I and II. HN - 2018 MH - Rumination, Cognitive UI - D000074222 MN - F2.463.188.878 MS - Obsessive thinking about an idea, situation, or choice. HN - 2018 MH - Rumination, Digestive UI - D000074221 MN - G10.261.190.400 MS - Regurgitation and re-chewing of previously swallowed food in RUMINANTS. HN - 2018 MH - RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein UI - D000075142 MN - D12.776.624.664.700.936 MN - D12.776.930.780.625.575 MS - A transcriptional co-repressor that contains a MYND-type zinc finger (MYND DOMAIN) at its C-terminal and functions as a homo-oligomer. It associates with DNA-binding transcription factors, other repressor proteins, and HISTONE ACETYLTRANSFERASES to repress expression of genes involved in cell growth and differentiation such as MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE 7 and TCF12. A CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATION involving the RUNX1T1 and CORE BINDING FACTOR ALPHA 2 SUBUNIT (RUNX1) genes frequently occurs in cells of leukemia patients; the resulting fusion protein (AML1-ETO or RUNX1-RUNX1T1) plays a critical role in leukemogenesis. HN - 2018 MH - S100 Calcium Binding Protein A6 UI - D000075383 MN - D12.776.157.125.750.532 MN - D12.776.167.481 MS - An S100 calcium binding protein that contains two EF HAND MOTIFS and plays a role as a calcium sensor and modulator for many cellular processes such as CELL CYCLE progression; CELL MOTILITY and reorganization of the ACTIN CYTOSKELETON. Its expression is induced by growth factors and it is overexpressed in patients with ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA. HN - 2018 MH - S100 Calcium Binding Protein A7 UI - D000075023 MN - D12.776.157.125.750.563 MS - An S100 calcium binding protein that contains two EF HAND MOTIFS and also binds zinc. It is secreted via a non-classical secretory pathway and expressed by KERATINOCYTES and epithelial cells of the tongue. It has antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities and is highly expressed in the skin of patients with PSORIASIS, as well as in bladder and skin epithelial carcinomas. HN - 2018 MH - Salpingo-oophorectomy UI - D000074868 MN - E4.270.282.685.500 MN - E4.950.165.685.500 MN - E4.950.300.680.500 MN - E4.950.300.715.500 MS - Combined surgical resection of the fallopian tube and the ovary. HN - 2018 MH - SAM Domain and HD Domain-Containing Protein 1 UI - D000076106 MN - D8.811.277.40.725 MN - D8.811.277.352.700.843 MS - A host restriction triphosphorylhydrolase and dNTPase that contains an N-terminal STERILE ALPHA MOTIF and central, conserved ASPARTATE and HISTIDINE (HD) domain. It acts on single-stranded RNA, yielding deoxynucleosides and triphosphate, and functions in anti-viral defense through its dNTPase activity, reducing cellular dNTP levels below what is required for retroviral reverse transcription in DENDRITIC CELLS and MYELOID CELLS. It also has RIBONUCLEASE activity which blocks early replication of retroviruses such as HIV-1. Mutations in the SAMHD1 gene are associated with type 5 Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome (AGS5) and type 2 chilblain LUPUS (CHBL2). HN - 2018 MH - Sao Tome and Principe UI - D000073136 MN - Z1.58.290.100.690 MN - Z1.639.40.847 MS - Islands in the Gulf of Guinea, just north of the Equator, and west of Gabon. MH - SAP90-PSD95 Associated Proteins UI - D000074407 MN - D12.644.360.700 MN - D12.776.476.700 MN - D12.776.631.703 MS - Proteins expressed at SYNAPSES throughout the brain where they interact with different scaffolding proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, and signaling factors to assemble functional multiprotein complexes. HN - 2018 (1993) FX - Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein MH - Scholarly Communication UI - D000073820 MN - L1.143.865 MN - L1.143.910.500 MS - System through which research and other scholarly writings are created, evaluated for quality, disseminated to the scholarly community, and preserved for future use. It includes both formal means of communication, such as publication in peer-reviewed journals, and informal channels, such as electronic listservs. (from Association of College & Research Libraries, “Principles and Strategies for the Reform of Scholarly Communication 1,” 2003) HN - 2018 MH - Science in Literature UI - D000075863 MN - K1.517.864 MS - Literary works whose subject matter is science or about the profession of science and related areas. HN - 2018 MH - Science in the Arts UI - D000075862 MN - K1.93.796 MS - Depiction of scientific issues or themes via the arts including visual, oral, or written forms of expression. AN - coordinate IM with scientific aspect (IM) + specific art heading (IM) HN - 2018 MH - Scientific Experimental Error UI - D000073886 MN - E5.318.780.725.250.500 MN - N5.715.360.300.202.500 MS - Deviation or aberration in the practical implementation of standard empirical procedures, distinct from MEDICAL ERRORS and SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT. AN - for intentional falsification of scientific data, use SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT HN - 2018 FX - Quality Control FX - Scientific Misconduct MH - Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy UI - D000073798 MN - E1.370.350.515.717.500 MN - E5.595.717.500 MS - A microscopic imaging technique that takes advantage of the process of harmonic generation that occurs when photons interact to generate new photons of a different wavelength. In second harmonic generation, two photons of the same wavelength and frequency, such as from a LASER, interact inside a medium and are converted to a photon of twice the frequency and half of the wavelength of the two incident photons. The light signals captured are used to produce images that are dependent on the unique optical properties of the material. HN - 2018 MH - Self-Directed Learning as Topic UI - D000073819 MN - F2.463.425.818 MN - I2.903.771 MS - Process in which individuals take the initiative, in diagnosing their learning needs, formulating learning goals, identifying resources for learning, choosing and implementing learning strategies and evaluating learning outcomes (Knowles, 1975) HN - 2018 MH - Self-Management UI - D000073278 MN - N2.421.784.760 MS - Individual's ability to manage the symptoms, treatment, physical and psychosocial consequences and lifestyle changes inherent in living with a chronic condition. Efficacious self-management encompasses ability to monitor one's condition and to effect the cognitive, behavioral, and emotional responses necessary to maintain a satisfactory quality of life. HN - 2018; use Self Care 1992-2017 BX - Self Care (Rehabilitation) MH - Semantic Web UI - D000075403 MN - L1.224.740 MS - A framework for development and promotion of common data formats and exchange protocols linked in a way that can be read directly by computers. Semantic Web is a platform for sharing and reusing data across application, enterprise, and community boundaries, by linking concepts rather than just documents. HN - 2018 MH - Serine Peptidase Inhibitor Kazal-Type 5 UI - D000074163 MN - D12.644.822.750.250 MN - D12.776.645.688.250 MS - A secreted serine peptidase inhibitor that consists of 15 KAZAL MOTIFS and inhibits KALLIKREINS KLK5, KLK7, and KLK14 as well as TRYPSIN. It plays important roles in protecting MUCOSA against infection and inflammation, and in maintaining the integrity of the skin. Mutations in the SPINK5 gene are associated with NETHERTON SYNDROME. HN - 2018 FX - Kazal Motifs FX - Netherton Syndrome MH - Serine Peptidase Inhibitors, Kazal Type UI - D000074162 MN - D12.644.822.750 MN - D12.776.645.688 MN - D27.505.519.389.745.800.562 MS - A family of serine peptidase inhibitors that occur in animals, some single-cell eukaryotes, and higher plants. They contain variable numbers of KAZAL MOTIFS and inhibit SERINE ENDOPEPTIDASES such as ACROSIN and TRYPSIN. HN - 2018 FX - Kazal Motifs MH - Serum Albumin, Human UI - D000075462 MN - D12.776.34.841.603 MN - D12.776.124.727.906 MS - Serum albumin from humans. It is an essential carrier of both endogenous substances, such as fatty acids and BILIRUBIN, and of XENOBITOICS in the blood. HN - 2018 MH - Sexual Health UI - D000074384 MN - N1.400.663 MS - A state of physical, emotional, mental and social well-being in relation to SEXUALITY, according to the World Health Organization. HN - 2018 FX - Sex Education FX - Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological FX - Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological MH - Shift Work Schedule UI - D000073577 MN - I3.946.225.250 MN - N4.452.677.650.250 MS - Job schedule in which working hours deviate from the standard hours (e.g., evening shift, night shift or rotating shift). HN - 2018 FX - Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm FX - Work Schedule Tolerance MH - Short Chain Dehydrogenase-Reductases UI - D000074583 MN - D8.811.682.47.820.900 MS - A large family of oxidoreductases that are predominantly NAD- or NADP-dependent and 250 to 350 amino acids in length. They generally consist of two PROTEIN DOMAINS: A catalytic N-terminal domain that binds the substrate, and a C-terminal coenzyme-binding domain. HN - 2018 MH - Short Stature Homeobox Protein UI - D000074122 MN - D12.776.260.400.859 MS - A homeodomain protein that is highly expressed in the nuclei of skeletal muscle, bone marrow, and osteogenic cells and has critical roles in growth and development. Its gene resides within PSEUDOAUTOSOMAL REGION 1 of X and Y chromosomes and mutations are associated with several growth disorders including LERI-WEIL SYNDROME; LANGER MESOMELIC DYSPLASIA; and SHORT STATURE, IDIOPATHIC, X-LINKED. HN - 2018 MH - Sida Plant UI - D000076248 MN - B1.650.940.800.575.912.250.700.777 MS - A genus of flowering plants in the family of mallows (MALVACEAE). Their common name is fanpetals. HN - 2018; use MALVACEAE 2003-2017 MH - Sint Maarten UI - D000073097 MN - Z1.107.84.450 MS - Dutch part of the island of Saint Martin in the Caribbean Sea; Sint Maarten lies east of the US Virgin Islands. HN - 2018; use Netherlands 2016-2017 MH - Sleep Latency UI - D000074361 MN - F2.830.855.765 MN - G11.561.803.377 MS - The time it takes to reach REM SLEEP. It is typically measured by POLYSOMNOGRAPHY or EEG as a part of various sleep pattern tests (e.g., multiple sleep latency test). HN - 2018 MH - Smokers UI - D000074285 MN - M1.808 MS - Persons with a history or habit of SMOKING. HN - 2018 MH - Smoking Devices UI - D000074602 MN - J1.637.767 MS - Gadgets, utensils, apparatuses or instruments used for SMOKING. HN - 2018 MH - Smoking Pipes UI - D000074604 MN - J1.637.767.750 MS - Devices used for SMOKING which convey SMOKE directly into the mouth. HN - 2018 MH - Smoking Prevention UI - D000074606 MN - I2.233.332.812 MN - N2.421.726.407.840 MS - Efforts directed at preventing SMOKING of TOBACCO and non-tobacco products. HN - 2018 MH - Smoking Reduction UI - D000074264 MN - F1.145.488.738 MN - F1.145.805.157 MS - A decrease in the incidence and frequency of SMOKING. Smoking reduction differs from SMOKING CESSATION in that the smoker continues to smoke albeit at a lesser frequency without quitting. HN - 2018 FX - Smoking Cessation FX - Tobacco Use Cessation MH - Smoking Water Pipes UI - D000075387 MN - J1.637.767.750.500 MS - Pipes for smoking tobacco, cannabis, and other substances, in which smoke is drawn through water. Do not confuse with SMOKING PIPES. HN - 2018 FX - Tobacco, Waterpipe MH - Smoking, Non-Tobacco Products UI - D000073847 MN - F1.145.805.250 MS - SMOKING of non-TOBACCO (or NICOTINE-containing) substances. HN - 2018 MH - Smoldering Multiple Myeloma UI - D000075122 MN - C4.834.794 MN - C15.378.147.542.820 MN - C15.378.147.780.838 MN - C20.683.460.820 MN - C20.683.780.838 MS - An asymptomatic and slow-growing PLASMA CELL dyscrasia characterized by presence of MYELOMA PROTEINS and clonal bone marrow plasma cells without end-organ damage (e.g., renal impairment). It is distinguished from MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY OF UNDETERMINED SIGNIFICANCE by a much higher risk of progression to symptomatic MULTIPLE MYELOMA. HN - 2018 MH - Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 1 UI - D000074082 MN - D12.776.157.530.450.162.775.500 MN - D12.776.157.530.937.703.500 MN - D12.776.543.550.190.775.500 MN - D12.776.543.585.450.162.775.500 MN - D12.776.543.585.937.828.500 MS - A sodium-hydrogen antiporter expressed by many cell types, especially on the basolateral surfaces of EPITHELIAL CELLS. It functions through an inward sodium ion chemical gradient to eliminate acids (protons) generated by metabolism and regulate intracellular pH. It is highly sensitive to AMILORIDE. HN - 2018 MH - Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 3 UI - D000074083 MN - D12.776.157.530.450.162.775.750 MN - D12.776.157.530.937.703.750 MN - D12.776.543.550.190.775.750 MN - D12.776.543.585.450.162.775.750 MN - D12.776.543.585.937.828.750 MS - A sodium-hydrogen antiporter expressed primarily by EPITHELIAL CELLS in the kidneys, it localizes to the apical membrane of the PROXIMAL KIDNEY TUBULE, where it functions in sodium and water reabsorption and possibly calcium homeostasis. It also is expressed in heart, brain, and lung tissues and is resistant to AMILORIDE inhibition. HN - 2018 (1994) MH - Solitary Kidney UI - D000075529 MN - C12.706.846 MN - C13.351.875.846 MN - C23.300.925 MS - Either a single or a single functioning kidney due to NEPHRECTOMY, birth defects or other kidney diseases. HN - 2018 MH - Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5 UI - D000074058 MN - D12.776.157.530.450.250.812.750 MN - D12.776.157.530.937.612.750 MN - D12.776.543.585.450.250.812.750 MN - D12.776.543.585.937.701.750 MS - A high-affinity, ATP-binding, co-transporter for CARNITINE that is highly expressed in kidney, skeletal muscle, heart, and placental tissues. It transports one sodium ion with one carnitine molecule. It has a lower affinity for other organic cations and transports them independently of sodium. Mutations in the SLC22A5 gene are associated with systemic carnitine deficiency. HN - 2018 MH - Solute Carrier Organic Anion Transporter Family Member 1B3 UI - D000074542 MN - D12.776.157.530.450.74.500.781.875 MN - D12.776.157.530.937.905 MN - D12.776.543.585.450.74.500.875.875 MN - D12.776.543.585.937.950 MS - A sodium-independent organic anion transporter that functions in the uptake of various drugs and endogenous compounds including ESTRADIOL; TAUROCHOLATE; LEUKOTRIENE C4; and METHOTREXATE. It also functions in clearing BILE ACIDS and organic anions from the liver. Mutations in the SLCO1B3 gene are associated with Rotor Type HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. HN - 2018 MH - Sp7 Transcription Factor UI - D000076182 MN - D12.776.260.522.750.937 MN - D12.776.930.375.750.937 MS - An Sp transcription factor that contains three CYS2-HIS2 ZINC FINGERS. It binds to GC RICH SEQUENCES and performs an essential function in regulating gene expression for differentiation of OSTEOBLASTS. Mutations in the SP7 gene are associated with type 12 OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA. HN - 2018 MH - Spastin UI - D000074181 MN - D8.811.277.40.13.500.500 MN - D8.811.277.40.25.24.500 MN - D12.776.157.25.750.500 MN - D12.776.220.600.450.465 MN - D12.776.631.560.480 MS - An AAA ATPase that binds and severs MICROTUBULES. It specifically recognizes and cuts polyglutamylated microtubules with short polyglutamate tails to promote reorganization of cellular microtubule arrays and the release of microtubules from the CENTROSOME following nucleation. It is critical for the biogenesis and maintenance of complex microtubule arrays in AXONS; SPINDLE APPARATUS; and CILIA. Mutations in the spastin gene (SPAST) are associated with type 4 of HEREDITARY SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA. HN - 2018 FX - AAA Domain MH - Sphincterotomy UI - D000074432 MN - E4.515.750 MS - Surgical incision of a sphincter. HN - 2018 MH - Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiosis UI - D000073605 MN - C1.252.400.780.790.750 MN - C1.252.400.825.887 MS - A group of arthropod-borne diseases caused by spotted fever bio-group members of RICKETTSIA. They are characterized by fever, headache, and petechial (spotted) rash. AN - coordinate IM with Rickettsia species if pertinent, but note specifics HN - 2018 BX - Rickettsialpox MH - Stakeholder Participation UI - D000073597 MN - I1.738.805 MN - I3.743 MS - A process between an entity and those groups or individuals potentially or actually impacted by the actions of that entity over a range of activities and approaches. HN - 2018 MH - Staphylococcus capitis UI - D000074039 MN - B3.300.390.400.800.750.222 MN - B3.353.500.750.750.222 MN - B3.510.100.750.750.222 MN - B3.510.400.790.750.222 MS - A COAGULASE-negative species of STAPHYLOCOCCUS found on the skin and MUCOUS MEMBRANE of warm-blooded animals. Similar to STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS and STAPHYLOCOCCUS HAEMOLYTICUS, it is a nosocomial pathogen in NICU settings. Subspecies include generally antibiotic susceptible and BIOFILM negative capitis and antibiotic resistant and biofilm positive urealyticus isolates. AN - infection: coordinate IM with STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTIONS (IM) HN - 2018 MH - Stereolithography UI - D000076227 MN - J1.897.564.500 MN - L1.224.108.150.500.500 MN - L1.296.110.150.500.500 MS - A 3D printing technology where a computer-controlled moving laser beam is used to build up the required structure, layer by layer, from liquid POLYMERS that harden on contact with laser light (photopolymerization). HN - 2018 MH - Strobilurins UI - D000073739 MN - D2.241.81.69.600.575 MS - Benzene or pyrimidine derivatives of methacrylic acid that block the Qo site of CYTOCHROME B. They are widely used as agricultural fungicides. HN - 2018 MH - Sublimation, Chemical UI - D000074706 MN - G1.645.563 MN - G2.734.700 MS - The process of solids transforming into a gaseous state or vice versa, without passing through a liquid state. HN - 2018 MH - Substance Abuse, Oral UI - D000075067 MN - C25.775.814 MN - F3.900.809 MS - Abuse, overuse, or misuse of a substance by ingestion. HN - 2018 FX - Body Packing MH - Sugars UI - D000073893 MN - D9.947 MS - Short chain carbohydrate molecules that have hydroxyl groups attached to each carbon atom unit with the exception of one carbon that has a doubly-bond aldehyde or ketone oxygen. Cyclical sugar molecules are formed when the aldehyde or ketone groups respectively form a hemiacetal or hemiketal bond with one of the hydroxyl carbons. The three dimensional structure of the sugar molecule occurs in a vast array of biological and synthetic classes of specialized compounds including AMINO SUGARS; CARBASUGARS; DEOXY SUGARS; SUGAR ACIDS; SUGAR ALCOHOLS; and SUGAR PHOSPHATES. HN - 2018 MH - Sunflower Oil UI - D000074242 MN - D20.215.784.750.910 MS - Oil derived from the seeds of SUNFLOWER plant, Helianthus. HN - 2018(1980) MH - Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Neurons UI - D000074523 MN - A8.186.211.464.497.342.625.500 MN - A8.186.211.730.317.357.342.625.500 MN - A8.675.947 MN - A11.671.947 MS - Neurons of the SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS. HN - 2018 MH - Survivorship UI - D000073859 MN - F1.58.144.500 MS - Functional, psychosocial, emotional and spiritual domains and needs of patients and families following life-threatening disease or events. HN - 2018 FX - Survivors MH - Sustainable Growth UI - D000075042 MN - J1.839 MS - Achievement of an economic system that can continue to grow for the foreseeable future. HN - 2018 MH - Symbolic Interactionism UI - D000073624 MN - F2.970.500 MN - K1.752.798.750 MS - Theoretical approach to social processes with a fundamental concern with power phenomena. There is a focus on the analysis of culture, the influence of Foucault, and the development of feminist perspectives. HN - 2018 MH - Synovectomy UI - D000074402 MN - E4.555.640 MS - Surgical removal of the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE. HN - 2018 MH - T-Cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Protein 1 UI - D000073942 MN - D12.776.260.103.829 MN - D12.776.624.664.700.960 MN - D12.776.930.125.829 MS - A basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that plays a critical role in HEMATOPOIESIS and as a positive regulator in the differentiation of ERYTHROID CELLS. Chromosome translocations involving the TAL-1 gene are associated with T-CELL ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. HN - 2018 MH - T-Cell Intracellular Antigen-1 UI - D000074019 MN - D12.776.157.725.452.750 MN - D12.776.157.725.813.937 MN - D12.776.157.725.829.875 MN - D12.776.664.962.452.750 MN - D12.776.664.962.813.937 MN - D12.776.664.962.829.875 MS - An RNA-binding protein characterized by three RNA RECOGNITION MOTIFS. It binds to AU RICH ELEMENTS in the 3'-untranslated regions of mRNA and regulates alternative pre-RNA splicing and mRNA translation; it may also function in APOPTOSIS. Mutations in the TIA-1 gene are associated with WELANDER DISTAL MYOPATHY. HN - 2018 MH - T-Lymphoma Invasion and Metastasis-inducing Protein 1 UI - D000075684 MN - D12.644.360.325.300.850 MN - D12.776.476.325.300.850 MS - A Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor that consists of two pleckstrin homology domains flanking central Ras-binding, Dbl-homology (DH) and PDZ domains. It stimulates GTP-GDP exchange of rho-like GTPases such as RAC1 PROTEIN; CDC42 PROTEIN; and RHOA PROTEIN, and functions to link extracellular signals to remodeling of the CYTOSKELETON for CELL ADHESION and CELL MOVEMENT. HN - 2018 FX - PDZ Domains FX - Pleckstrin Homology Domains MH - Tetratricopeptide Repeat UI - D000074436 MN - G2.111.570.60.720.394 MN - G2.111.570.820.709.275.500.920 MN - G2.111.570.820.709.275.750.500.829 MN - G2.111.570.820.709.275.875.394 MS - A structural motif present in a variety of proteins that mediates protein-protein interactions and assembly of multiprotein complexes. It consists of 3 to 16 tandem repeats of 34 amino acids, mostly of small and large hydrophobic residues, that form ALPHA-HELIX pairs. HN - 2018 MH - Therapeutic Index UI - D000076162 MN - E1.789.800.665 MN - N4.761.559.590.800.713 MS - An indicator of the benefits and risks of treatment. HN - 2018 MH - Therapeutic Index, Drug UI - D000074389 MN - E1.789.800.665.500 MN - N4.761.559.590.800.713.500 MS - The ratio of the dose that produces toxicity to the dose that produces a clinically desired or effective response. HN - 2018 MH - THP-1 Cells UI - D000074084 MN - A11.251.210.190.815 MN - A11.251.860.180.815 MS - A human leukemia monocytic cell line derived from a patient with LEUKEMIA, MONOCYTIC, ACUTE. It is used as a model to study the function of MONOCYTES and MACROPHAGES, their signaling pathways, nutrient and drug transport. AN - almost always NIM with no subheadings; check HUMAN; do not routinely add LEUKEMIA, MONOCYTIC, ACUTE HN - 2018 MH - Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1 UI - D000074482 MN - D12.776.260.400.871 MN - D12.776.660.823 MN - D12.776.930.888 MS - A homeobox protein and transcription factor that localizes to the cell nucleus where it activates expression of thyroid specific genes such as THYROGLOBULIN and the THYROTROPIN RECEPTOR. It is critical for maintaining thyroid tissue in a differentiated state and also plays a role in lung development. Mutations in the NKX2-1 gene are associated with CHOREA, BENIGN HEREDITARY. HN - 2018 (1990) MH - Tobacco Smoking UI - D000073869 MN - F1.145.958.875 MS - The process of SMOKING specific to TOBACCO. HN - Use SMOKING 2008-2018 MH - Tobacco, Waterpipe UI - D000073846 MN - J1.637.767.844.750 MS - Flavored tobacco whose vapor or smoke is passed through a water basin before inhalation. HN - 2018 MH - Toxin-Antitoxin Systems UI - D000075704 MN - G6.773 MS - Mechanisms that allow bacteria and archaea to rapidly adapt to changing environmental conditions via a toxin, produced during adverse conditions, that inhibits a specific vital process, and a partner antitoxin that blocks the effects of the toxin, under normal growth conditions. HN - 2018 MH - Transactinide Series Elements UI - D000073056 MN - D1.268.271.935 MN - D1.496.749.305.935 MS - A series of radioactive elements with atomic numbers greater than 103. Current members include Rutherfordium, atomic number 104, to and including Ununoctium, atomic number 118. All members are synthetic with short half-lives. HN - 2018 MH - Transcription Factor 4 UI - D000073940 MN - D12.776.260.108.92.937 MN - D12.776.930.125.500.937 MS - A basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factor that functions in neuronal CELL DIFFERENTIATION. It dimerizes with other bHLH transcription factors and activates transcription through binding to E-BOX ELEMENTS containing 5'-ACANNTGT-3' or 5'-CCANNTGG-3' sequences. Mutations in the TCF-4 gene are associated with Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome, a severe developmental disorder. HN - 2018 MH - Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury UI - D000073617 MN - C8.381.520.500.500 MN - C15.378.962.500 MN - C20.920.500 MS - A rare but serious transfusion-related reaction in which fluid builds up in the lungs unrelated to excessively high infusion rate and/or volume (TRANSFUSION-ASSOCIATED CIRCULATORY OVERLOAD). Signs of Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury include pulmonary secretions; hypotension; fever; DYSPNEA; TACHYPNEA; TACHYCARDIA; and CYANOSIS. HN - 2018 MH - Transplantation, Haploidentical UI - D000075442 MN - E4.936.864.350 MS - Transplantation between individuals who share a partial haplotype match. HN - 2018 MH - Travel-Related Illness UI - D000076082 MN - C23.888.914 MN - I3.883.855 MS - Health problems associated with TRAVEL. HN - 2018 FX - Communicable Diseases, Imported FX - Motion Sickness MH - Treatment Adherence and Compliance UI - D000074822 MN - F1.100.150.750 MN - F1.145.488.887 MN - N5.300.150.800 MS - Extent to which the patient follows prescribed treatment such as keeping APPOINTMENTS AND SCHEDULES and MEDICATION ADHERENCE for desired therapeutic outcome. It implies active responsibility shared by patient and health care providers. HN - 2018 MH - Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 UI - D000073871 MN - D12.776.395.550.919 MN - D12.776.543.550.919 MN - D12.776.543.750.705.985 MS - An approximately 230 amino acid membrane glycoprotein characterized by an IMMUNOGLOBULIN V-SET DOMAIN in its N-terminal half. It is expressed by MONOCYTES and NEUTROPHILS in response to INFLAMMATION related to bacterial and fungal infections. It triggers the release of pro-inflammatory CHEMOKINES; CYTOKINES, and expression of cell activation markers and is a critical regulator of SEPTIC SHOCK. HN - 2018 MH - Triose Sugar Alcohols UI - D000073999 MN - D2.33.800.875 MN - D9.853.875 MS - Sugar alcohol molecules that contain three carbons. HN - 2018 MH - Tripartite Motif-Containing Protein 28 UI - D000076183 MN - D8.811.464.938.750.782 MN - D12.776.260.703.675 MN - D12.776.930.780.911 MN - D12.776.934.875 MS - A tripartite motif protein consisting of an N-terminal RING finger, two B-box type ZINC FINGERS, and C-terminal PHD domain. It functions as a transcriptional repressor by associating with Kruppel-association box domain (KRAB domain) transcription factors and has E3-SUMO-ligase activity towards itself and also sumoylates INTERFERON REGULATORY FACTOR-7 to reduce its activity as a transcriptional activator. It can also function as a ubiquitin protein ligase towards TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P53. HN - 2018 FX - PHD Zinc Fingers FX - RING Finger Domains MH - Trisomy 13 Syndrome UI - D000073839 MN - C10.597.606.643.835 MN - C14.240.400.970 MN - C14.280.400.970 MN - C16.131.77.919 MN - C16.131.240.400.965 MN - C16.131.260.923 MN - C16.320.180.923 MS - A chromosome disorder associated with TRISOMY of all or part of CHROMOSOME 13. Clinical manifestations include CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS (e.g., PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS), facial malformations (e.g., CLEFT LIP; CLEFT PALATE; COLOBOMA; MICROPHTHALMIA); HYPOTONIA, digit malformations (e.g., POLYDACTYLY or SYNDACTYLY), and SEIZURES and severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY associated with NERVOUS SYSTEM MALFORMATIONS. HN - 2018(2010) MH - Trisomy 18 Syndrome UI - D000073842 MN - C14.240.400.975 MN - C14.280.400.975 MN - C16.131.77.929 MN - C16.131.240.400.968 MN - C16.131.260.932 MN - C16.320.180.932 MS - A chromosome disorder associated with TRISOMY of all or part of CHROMOSOME 18. Clinical manifestations include INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION; CLEFT PALATE; CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; MICROCEPHALY; MICROGNATHIA and clenched fists with overlapping fingers. Most affected fetuses do not survive to birth. Those who survive through their first year often have severe INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. HN - 2018 MH - TRPA1 Cation Channel UI - D000074025 MN - D12.776.157.530.400.901.250 MN - D12.776.543.585.400.901.250 MS - A highly conserved, non-selective TRP cation channel that contains 14-17 ANKYRIN REPEATS. It functions in cold sensation and NOCICEPTION of endogenous inflammatory factors and volatile irritants. TRPA1 is also activated by CANNABINOIDS and may play a role in sound perception by hair cells of the inner ear. HN - 2018 MH - TRPC6 Cation Channel UI - D000074287 MN - D12.776.157.530.400.150.850 MN - D12.776.157.530.400.901.500.500 MN - D12.776.543.550.450.150.900 MN - D12.776.543.585.400.150.850 MN - D12.776.543.585.400.901.500.500 MS - A non-selective, calcium permeant TRPC cation channel that contains four ANKYRIN REPEATS and is activated by DIACYLGLYCEROL independently of PROTEIN KINASE C. It is expressed in placenta, lung, spleen, ovary and the small intestine, as well as by PODOCYTES in the kidney glomerulus. Mutations in the TRPC6 gene are associated with FOCAL SEGMENTAL GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS type 2. HN - 2018 MH - Tubular Sweat Gland Adenomas UI - D000074009 MN - C4.557.470.35.175.900 MN - C4.557.470.550.175.900 MS - Various tubular forms of benign tumors of the SWEAT GLAND with glandular differentiation. Common types include syringocystadenoma papilliferum of the head and neck; erosive adenomatosis of the nipple and hidradenoma papilliferum of the vulva area. Hidradenoma papilliferum may be derived from mammary-like glands of the vulva whereas erosive adenomatosis is of mammary gland origin. AN - coordinate IM with SWEAT GLAND NEOPLASMS (IM) HN - 2018 MH - TWEAK Receptor UI - D000074050 MN - D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.974 MS - A receptor for TWEAK cytokine that is highly expressed by cells in the heart, placenta, and kidney. It plays a role in ANGIOGENESIS and the proliferation of endothelial cells; it may also modulate cellular adhesion to the extracellular matrix. HN - 2018 (1999) MH - Ubiquitin-Specific Peptidase 7 UI - D000076084 MN - D8.811.37.500.500 MN - D8.811.37.750.750 MN - D8.811.277.352.897.850.500 MN - D8.811.277.656.300.887.875 MS - A ubiquitinyl hydrolase that deubiquitinates several proteins with critical roles in DNA REPAIR, cell growth, and survival, including TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P53; MDM-2 PROTEIN; and PTEN PHOSPHOHYDROLASE. It also stabilizes herpesvirus 1 trans-acting transcriptional protein VMW110 during HSV-1 infection, contributing to its function as a TRANS-ACTIVATOR. HN - 2018 MH - Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Diseases UI - D000074079 MN - C17.300.849 MN - C20.111.904 MS - Diseases that exhibit signs and symptoms suggestive of a connective tissue disease that do not fulfill clinical or diagnostic criteria for any one defined disease but overlap with criteria of multiple such diseases. Commonly overlapping diseases include systemic autoimmune connective tissue diseases such as RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS; and SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS. HN - 2018 MH - Vaccination Coverage UI - D000073887 MN - N2.421.726.758.310.890.750 MN - N2.421.726.930 MS - Rate of VACCINATION as defined by GEOGRAPHY and or DEMOGRAPHY. HN - 2018 MH - Valosin Containing Protein UI - D000074405 MN - D8.811.277.40.13.500.750 MN - D8.811.277.40.25.24.750 MN - D12.776.157.25.750.750 MN - D12.776.167.800 MS - A highly-conserved AAA ATPase that functions in the biogenesis of the transitional ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM and fragmentation and reassembly of the GOLGI APPARATUS during MITOSIS. It also functions in a complex with UFD1L and NPLOC4 proteins to export misfolded ubiquitinated proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and outer mitochondrial membrane to the cytoplasm for degradation by the PROTEASOME and also plays a role in AUTOPHAGY of ubiquitinated proteins. It occurs in neuronal INCLUSION BODIES from patients with AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS and LEWY BODIES from PARKINSON DISEASE patients. HN - 2018 (1991) MH - Varicella Zoster Virus Infection UI - D000073618 MN - C2.256.466.930 MS - Infection caused by HUMAN HERPES VIRUS 3 (e,g, CHICKENPOX and HERPES ZOSTER). AN - CHICKENPOX; HERPES ZOSTER; and ENCEPHALITIS, HERPES ZOSTER are also available HN - 2018 MH - Vascular Ring UI - D000073872 MN - C14.240.850.992 MN - C14.907.109.239.825 MN - C16.131.240.850.984 MS - Congenital vascular malformation in which the AORTA arch and its branches encircle the TRACHEA and ESOPHAGUS. Signs and symptoms include DYSPNEA; RESPIRATORY SOUNDS, especially with eating, DYSPHAGIA, persistent cough, and GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX or may be asymptomatic. Two most common types are double aortic arch and right aortic arch. It may be associated with other anomalies (e.g., DIGEORGE SYNDROME). HN - 2018 MH - Vasopeptidase Inhibitors UI - D000075563 MN - D27.505.519.389.745.85.500 MS - A class of cardiovascular drugs indicated for hypertension and congestive heart failure that simultaneously inhibit both NEUTRAL ENDOPEPTIDASE and ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME. They increase the availability of NATRIURETIC PEPTIDES and BRADYKININ and inhibit production of ANGIOTENSIN II. HN - 2018 MH - Virtual Reality UI - D000076142 MN - L1.224.160.875 MN - L1.296.555 MS - Using computer technology to create and maintain an environment and project a user's physical presence in that environment allowing the user to interact with it. HN - 2018 MH - Vulvectomy UI - D000074883 MN - E4.950.300.970 MS - Surgical resection of the VULVA. HN - 2018 MH - Water Pipe Smoking UI - D000073867 MN - F1.145.805.63.500 MS - A process by which SMOKE produced from burning substance is mixed with flavor-altering substances and drawn through water or other liquid into the mouth. HN - 2018; use SMOKING 2013-2018 MH - Water Sports UI - D000073678 MN - I3.450.642.845.945 MS - Activities or games performed in a body of water. HN - 2018 MH - Wearable Electronic Devices UI - D000076251 MN - E7.305.906 MS - Electronic implements worn on the body as an implant or as an accessory. Examples include wearable diagnostic devices, wearable ACTIVITY TRACKERS, wearable INFUSION PUMPS, wearable computing devices, SENSORY AIDS, and electronic pest repellents. HN - 2018 FX - Biosensing Techniques FX - Monitoring, Ambulatory MH - Wechsler Memory Scale UI - D000073220 MN - F4.711.141.493.822.500 MN - F4.711.513.401.500 MS - A neuropsychological test designed to assess different memory functions. It may incorporate an optional cognitive exam (Brief Cognitive Status Exam) that helps to assess memory related cognitive function. HN - 2018 MH - Whole Exome Sequencing UI - D000073359 MN - E5.393.760.700.825.500 MS - Techniques to determine the complete complement of sequences of all EXONS of an organism or individual. HN - 2018 MH - Whole Genome Sequencing UI - D000073336 MN - E5.393.760.700.825 MS - Techniques to determine the entire sequence of the GENOME of an organism or individual. HN - 2018 MH - Wildfires UI - D000075923 MN - G1.311.988 MN - N6.230.216.875 MS - Fires that occur outdoors in the natural environment caused by natural forces or human activity. AN - coordinate with DISASTERS if pertinent; specify geographic location HN - 2018 MH - Wisconsin Card Sorting Test UI - D000073218 MN - F4.711.513.919 MS - A neuropsychological test designed to assess EXECUTIVE FUNCTION typically assigned to the FRONTAL LOBE (e.g., abstract thinking, and strategic planning). The subjects are asked to sort numbered response cards according to different principles and to alter their approach during testing. HN - 2018 MH - WNK Lysine-Deficient Protein Kinase 1 UI - D000076204 MN - D8.811.913.696.620.682.700.982 MN - D12.644.360.975 MN - D12.776.476.944 MN - D23.50.301.500.600.962 MN - D23.50.705.552.600.925 MS - A serine-threonine kinase which plays an important role in the regulation of electrolyte homeostasis, cell signaling, survival, and proliferation. It functions as an activator and inhibitor of sodium-coupled chloride co-transporters and as an inhibitor of potassium-coupled chloride co-transporters. Mutations in the WNK1 gene are associated with type 2C PSEUDOHYPOALDOSTERONISM and type 2A HEREDITARY SENSORY AND AUTONOMIC NEUROPATHIES. HN - 2018 MH - Work Engagement UI - D000074824 MN - I3.946.562 MN - N4.452.677.896 MS - Extent to which members of a workplace perceive their emotional commitment to and involvement in the organization and its goals. HN - 2018 FX - Return to Work MH - WW Domain-Containing Oxidoreductase UI - D000074584 MN - D8.811.682.47.820.900.500 MN - D12.776.624.776.980 MS - A short chain oxidoreductase that contains two N-terminal WW DOMAINS and functions as a tumor suppressor and in APOPTOSIS. It is also required for bone development. HN - 2018 MH - WW Domains UI - D000074585 MN - G2.111.570.820.709.275.750.500.937 MS - An approximately 40 amino acid protein domain that occurs in a variety of unrelated proteins and may be repeated up to four times in some proteins. It is characterized by two TRYPTOHAN residues (WW) about 20 amino acids apart and folds into a stable triple-stranded BETA-SHEET. It binds PROLINE-RICH PROTEIN DOMAINS and PHOSPHOSERINE or PHOSPHOTHREONINE-containing protein domains that occur in many signal transducing and cytoskeletal proteins, such as DYSTROPHIN. HN - 2018 MH - X-linked Nuclear Protein UI - D000075924 MN - D8.811.399.340.375 MS - ATP-dependent DNA helicase that contains two N-terminal ZINC FINGERS and C-terminal ATP-binding and helicase domains. It functions in the regulation of gene transcription and CHROMATIN REMODELING. ATRX undergoes cell-cycle dependent phosphorylation, which causes it to translocate from the NUCLEAR MATRIX to CHROMATIN; thus, it may change its role from gene regulation during INTERPHASE to ensuring proper chromosome segregation at MITOSIS. Mutations in the ATRX gene are associated with cases of X-LINKED MENTAL RETARDATION co-morbid with ALPHA-THALASSEMIA (ATRX syndrome). HN - 2018 FX - PHD Zinc Fingers MH - X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1 UI - D000076105 MN - D12.776.157.687.813 MN - D12.776.260.963 MN - D12.776.660.720.813 MS - A poly(ADP)-ribose-binding protein that functions in the rejoining of DNA single-strand breaks that arise following treatment with alkylating agents or ionizing radiation. It interacts with DNA LIGASE III and POLY ADP RIBOSE POLYMERASE in BASE EXCISION REPAIR, and may also function in DNA processing and chromosome recombination in GERM CELLS. HN - 2018 (1994) MH - Zinc Finger E-box Binding Homeobox 2 UI - D000074165 MN - D12.776.260.400.883 MN - D12.776.260.703.700 MN - D12.776.930.780.918 MS - A transcription factor that consists of 8 CYS2-HIS2 ZINC FINGERS flanking a central HOMEOBOX. It binds to the 5'-CACCT-3' DNA sequence located within E-BOX ELEMENTS of many genes essential for embryonic growth and development and regulates their activity; it represses transcription of the E-CADHERIN gene. Mutations in the ZEB2 gene are associated with MOWAT-WILSON SYNDROME. HN - 2018 MH - Zinc Finger Nucleases UI - D000075804 MN - D8.811.277.352.335.350.925 MN - D8.811.277.352.355.325.850 MN - D12.776.828.300.990 MS - Genetically engineered nucleases that cleave DNA at a defined distance from specific DNA sequences recognized by ZINC FINGER DNA-BINDING DOMAINS. They are composed of a DNA cleaving domain adapted from DNA endonucleases fused to a zinc finger DNA-binding domain. HN - 2018 MH - Zinc Finger Protein Gli2 UI - D000075746 MN - D12.776.260.755.925 MN - D12.776.930.900.850 MS - A transcriptional activator that contains five adjacent CYS2-HIS2 ZINC FINGERS. It functions in the hedgehog signaling pathway and is required for normal embryonic development. Mutations in the GLI2 gene are associated with type 9 HOLOPROSENCEPHALY and type 2 PALLISTER-HALL SYNDROME. HN - 2018 (1997); use GLI2 PROTEIN 1997-2017 FX - Hedgehog Proteins MH - Zinc Finger Protein Gli3 UI - D000074290 MN - D12.776.260.522.875 MN - D12.776.260.703.900 MN - D12.776.930.375.875 MN - D12.776.930.780.972 MS - A zinc finger transcription factor that contains five CYS2-HIS2 ZINC FINGERS and binds to the GLI consensus sequence 5'-GGGTGGTC-3'. The full-length protein functions as a transcriptional activator whereas the truncated C-terminal form functions as a transcriptional repressor of the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway; a balance between these two forms is critical for limb and digit development. GLI3 also plays a critical role in the differentiation and proliferation of CHONDROCYTES. HN - 2018 MH - Zinc Transporter 8 UI - D000075703 MN - D12.776.157.530.450.250.940 MN - D12.776.157.530.937.952 MN - D12.776.543.585.450.250.945 MN - D12.776.543.585.937.975 MS - A zinc efflux transporter highly expressed by ISLET CELLS of the pancreas. It functions in the accumulation of zinc in intracellular vesicles and may be involved in INSULIN maturation and storage processes. Variations in the SLC30A8 gene are associated with susceptibility to DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2. HN - 2018